1. INDIRECT SPEECH: To say what somebody has said
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
He said to her: ”I love you” He said that he loved her
THINGS TO PAY ATTENTION
STATEMENTS
Pronouns: I>he, she; my>his, her
Speaking verb; said, told
Complements: Here>There, this>that, now >Then, today>that day,
tomorrow>The following day, yesterday>the previous day, two minutes
ago>two minutes before
Tenses:
Present>past present cont.>past cont. going to>
was going to
I do>He did He is doing> He was doing I’m going to do I was
going to
Past S.>Past Perf. Present perfect>Past perf. Past perfect>
Past perf.
I did>I had done I have done>I had done I had done> I had done
Modals
Can>could may>might shall>should must>had to
QUESTIONS
Yes/no questions
“Do you speak English?”> He asked if I spoke English
“Are you Englsih?”> He asked if he was English”
Wh- questions
“Who did you see?”> He asked Who you saw
“Where are you going?”>He asked Where you were going
And the rest of the changes of tense and complements
ORDERS
“Go away! Peter ” >He ordered Peter to go away
“Don’t move! Jane”> He told Jane to go away

2. REQUESTS
Mary said“Can you help me?”> He asked me to her
OTHER REPORTING VERBS
Advise, invite, remind, encourage, persuade, warn
He said“ You should visit your mother”> He advised Peter to visit his
mother
Agree, offer, promise, refuse
“I’ll drive you home”>He offered to take me home
Admit, declare, explain, insist, promise, recommend, reply, reveal, say,
suggest, add
“I will go, I promise?”> He promised that he would go
Apologize, *suggest, deny
“I’m sorry to disturb you”>He apologized for disturbing