1. The Ottoman Empire and its
End
SS7H2 The student will analyze continuity and change in
Southwest Asia (Middle East) leading to the 21st century.
a. Explain how European partitioning in Southwest Asia (Middle
East) after the breakup of the Ottoman Empire led to regional
conflict.
2. Beginnings
• The Ottoman Empire began in 1299 in
Turkey
• Osman a Turkish warrior was Muslim and
had followers called Ottomans.
• Osman conquered the last of the
Byzantines and the Ottoman Empire
began.
• Osman became the first Sultan
3. Growth
• By 1451 the Ottomans controlled much of
the Middle East.
• Constantinople was its capital and a
center of learning and culture.
• By 1500 they controlled the eastern
Mediterranean, Northern Africa, and parts
of Arabia.
4. • Suleiman ruled from
1520 to 1566 and
became known as the
greatest ottoman
ruler.
5.
6. Decline
• After Suleiman death the empire began to
decline over the next 300 years.
• It would gain and lose territory over those
300 years.
• By the 20th century it was weak and
became known as the Sick man of
Europe.
7. The End
• During World War I the Ottomans sided
with the Central powers
• The British overtook Jerusalem and
Baghdad from the Ottomans
• Arabia then followed and rose up against
the Ottoman rule
• By 1918 the empire collapsed
8.
9. After WWI
• In 1920, the Treaty of Sevres split the
Ottoman territory up between the Allied or
Western powers.
• France was given Syria and Lebanon
• The British controlled Palestine and Iraq
• Turkey was independent.
10. Consequences
• Europeans did not take into account
religious and ethnic differences when
creating the boundaries for the new
countries.
• As a result there has been a lot of conflict.
