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Fasciola hepatica.pptx
- 1. FASCIOLA HEPATICA BY- KAUSTUBH RAAJ SINGH REGD- 220704170006 DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY(1ST SEM) CUTM, BHUBANESWAR SESSION: 2022-2025 Life cycle and pathogenicity of Subject: Non-chordates 1 Subject code: CUTM-1497 https://convocatio n.cutm.ac.in/imag es/cutm%20logo1 .png
- 2. CONTENT FASCIOLA HEPATICA 2 1. INTRODUCTION 2. TAXONOMY 3. HABIT AND HABITAT 4. LIFE CYCLE 5. PATHOGENICITY 6. SYMPTOMS 7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT https://encrypted- tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTi4AooOdX _tGaDivCz8A3HuPDkNPMb9HUaGA&usqp=CAU
- 3. INTRODUCTION FASCIOLA HEPATICA 3 Fasciola hepatica , the sheep liver fluke was the first diagenetic trematod whose life history was completely worked out by Thomas in 1883. It has a cosmopolitia distribution through out sheep and cattle raising areas of the world. It is of of great parasitological and pathological importance as it is the causative organism of fasicioliasis , a disease that causes immense damage to the liver tissues and bile ducts of sheep. Flukes inhabit liver and bile duct of invertebrates like cattle, sheep, goat, rabbit, pig, dog and man. https://m.media- amazon.com/images/I/51Nv6G2 eEIL._SL1000_.jpg
- 4. TAXONOMY PHYLUM :- Platyhelmenthis CLASS : - Trematod FAMILY :- Fascioliodae GENUS :- Fasciola SPECIES:- hepatica
- 5. HABIT AND HABITAT FASCIOLA HEPATICA 5 Fasciola hepatica is an endoparasitic which completes its life history in two hosts . F. hepatica is known as the sheep liver fluke because it occurs in the liver and bile passage of sheep, the primary hosts. It may also occur in some other vertebrates , like goat, horse, dog, ass, ox, deer, antelope, rabbit, elephant, man, monkey, etc. A single sheep may harbour as many as 200 adult flukes inside its liver, which may consequently cease to function normally. This effect is known as liver rot. F. hepatica spends a part of its life history is an intermediate host, a freshwater gastropod, which is either Limenea trancutula or some specific species of Planorbis or Bulinus
- 6. LIFE CYCLE F.hepatica is complex and completed within two hosts. Primary host, in which the adult flukes lives, is sheep goats and humans. While the intermediate host , in which numerous larval stages are passed, is a snail. - The life cycle of Fasciola hepatica starts when a female lays egg in the liver of an infected human. Immature eggs are discharged in the biliary ducts and taken out in the feces . If landed in water, the eggs become embryonated and develop larvae called miracidia. A miracidium invades an aquatic snail and develops into cercaria, a larvae that is capable of swimming with its large tail. 6 FASCIOLA HEPATICA
- 7. CYCLE OF EVENTS IN INFECTION 7 FASCIOLA HEPATICA - The cercaria exits and finds aquatic vegetation where it forms a cyst called metacercaria. A human eats the raw fresh water plant containing the cyst. The metacercaria excysts in the first part of small intestine , duodenum. It then penetrates the intestinal wall and gets into peritoneal cavity. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Pedro-Ortiz- 12/publication/310767930/figure/fig1/AS:433770529595 394@1480430361825/Life-cycle-of-Fasciola-hepatica- and-Fasciola-gigantica-1-Immature-eggs-are- discharged_Q640.jpg
- 8. CYCLE OF EVENTS IN INFECTION 8 PRESENTATION TITLE - It finds the liver and starts eating liver cells . This happens only a few days after the initial contact with the parasite. Usually the larvae spends a few weeks just browsing and eating the liver. Then it relocates to the bile duct where it begins its final stage and becomes an adult. It takes about three months for the metacercaria to develop into an adult. Adults are about 3cm long and 1cm wide. Adult females can produce upto 25,000 eggs per day. https://encrypted- tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRtwoouUhMmUlZRKkBP qVpPKKvprioZ3QiZrQ&usqp=CAU
- 9. PATHOLOGY AND LIVER DAMAGE • Little damage is done juveniles penetrating the intestinal wall and the capsules surrounding the liver but much necrosis results from migration of fluke through the liver parenchyma worms in bile duct cause inflammation and edema, which in turn stimulates production fibrous tissue in the walls of these ducts. Thus , thickened , the ducts can handle less bile and less responsive to needs of the liver. Backpressure causes atrophy of liver parenchyma, with concomitant cirrhosis and possibly jaundice. In heavy infection the gall bladder is damaged , and the walls of the bile duct are eroded completely. 9 FASCIOLA HEPATICA
- 10. SYMPTOMS • Abdominal pain • Anemia • Hepatic tendernass • Hepatomegaly resulting from edema • Intermittent fever • Jaundice • Lethargy • Nausea • Prolonged high fever • Secondary infection • vomiting 1 0 FASCIOLA HEPATICA https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/com mons/3/30/Fasciola_hepatica.JPG
- 11. SYMPTOMS - ACUTE More common in sheep 10,000 + metacercaria consume at one time Dramatic inflammation - CHRONIC More common and rarely fatal Non specific symptoms 11 FASCIOLA HEPATICA https://www.dovepress.com/cr_data/a rticle_fulltext/s375000/375671/img/ID R_A_375671_O_F0002g.jpg
- 12. Special thanks to My Subject teacher, Dr. Gagan Kumar Panigrahi, Department of ZOOLOGY, School of Applied Sciences , CUTM, Bhubaneswar. All the faculty members of Department of ZOOLOGY, School of Applied Science, CUTM, Bhubaneswar. Friends, and seniors who guided me .