L37 AE PARAMETERS, APPLICATIONS

1. M.KARTHIKEYAN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
AAA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, SIVAKASI
karthikeyan@aaacet.ac.in
ME8097 NON DESTRUCTIVE
TESTING AND EVALUATION

2. UNIT IV ULTRASONIC TESTING (UT) AND ACOUSTIC
EMISSION (AE)
1. Ultrasonic Testing-Principle,
2. Transducers,
3. Transmission and pulse-echo method,
4. Straight beam and angle beam,
5. Instrumentation,
6. Data representation, A/Scan, B-scan, C-scan.
7. Phased Array Ultrasound, Time of Flight Diffraction.
8. Acoustic Emission Technique – Principle,
9. AE Parameters, Applications

3. AE PARAMETERS

4. Amplitude, A, is the greatest measured voltage in a waveform and
is measured in decibels (dB).

5. Rise time, R, is the time interval between the first threshold
crossing and the signal peak.

6. Duration, D, is the time difference between the first and last
threshold crossings.

7. MARSE, E, sometimes referred to as energy counts, is the measure
of the area under the envelope of the rectified linear voltage time
signal from the transducer

8. Counts, N, refers to the number of pulses emitted by the
measurement circuitry if the signal amplitude is greater than the
threshold.

9. APPLICATIONS

10.  Aerospace: The aerospace sector can use AET to assess aging
aircraft, motors and fuel storage tanks.
 Alternative energy sources: AET is useful for testing the
structural integrity of alternative energy infrastructure such as
wind turbines.
 Automotive: Automotive manufacturers may use AET to assess
vehicle components, as well as factory equipment.
 Chemical and refinery: Companies in the chemical and refinery
sector can use AET to test for defects in plant equipment and
vessels.
 Infrastructure: AET is valuable for testing the structural
integrity of bridges, tunnels, dams and other types of
infrastructure.

11.  Manufacturing: Manufacturers can use AET to test a wide range
of manufacturing equipment types, as well as ensure product
quality of certain types of goods.
 Materials research and development: Those working in materials
research and development can use AET to test the integrity of
new and existing materials in various applications.
 Nuclear power: AET can be used to inspect nuclear components,
such as lift beams, valves and steam lines.
 Offshore drilling: AET can provide early detection of faults
in offshore drilling platforms and pipelines.
 Transportation: AET is useful for testing various types of
transportation equipment, including railroad tank cars, marine
vessels, motors, tube trailers and more.

12.  Oil and gas: Oil and gas companies can use AET
to test pipelines, vessels and processing equipment.
 Power distribution: AET can be used for partial discharge
detection in power transformers.
 Pressure vessels and piping: Manufacturers of pressure vessels
may use AET to ensure product quality. Users of this equipment
may also use AET to test the condition of their equipment.
 Process technology: Process technology professionals in the
fields of wastewater treatment, chemical processing, power
generation and more can use AET to test the integrity of system
components.
 Pulp and paper: AET is used in the pulp and paper industry for
testing the integrity of vessels, tanks, piping, tubing and other
equipment used in manufacturing operations.

13. Polymer probes are compared to conventional ceramic
probes are:
a) more noisy
b) less noisy
MCQ - 1

14. Ultrasonic NDT at elevated temperatures is
a) only possible when the probe is cooled down to less than
60 �C with water or air
b) not possible
c) possible with special probes up to 800 �C surface
temperature
MCQ - 2

15. The most efficient sound receiver of the piezoelectric material
listed is:
1. lithium sulfate,
2. quartz,
3. barium titanate,
4. silver oxide)
MCQ - 3

16. The most efficient sound transmitter of the piezoelectric material
is:
1. lithium sulfate,
2. quartz,
3. barium titanate,
4. silver oxide
MCQ - 4

17. Acoustic impedance is a material's:
(a) (Density)/(velocity)
(b) (Density) × (velocity)
(c) Refractive index
(d) (Density)/(refractive index)
MCQ - 5