The British film industry has experienced periods of growth and decline throughout its history. In the late 19th century, Britain began participating in the emerging film industry. However, World War I negatively impacted British film production as tax rates increased. The 1950s saw the influential Free Cinema movement reinvigorate British documentary filmmaking and influence the British New Wave of the late 1950s and 1960s. Ealing Studios dominated the 1950s British film scene with popular comedies like The Ladykillers. The 1960s saw the beginning of the highly successful James Bond franchise with Dr. No, establishing conventions for action and spy films.