2.  1700-1790: Several black slave revolts occurred; the Constitution of Vermont is the first to
abolish slavery
 1790-1810: Manumission of slaves in some free states; in 1808 the importation of slaves in
America was banned
 1861-1865: Tens of thousands of enslaved African American slaves escaped to Union lines for
freedom (Underground Railroad); the Emancipation Proclamation went into effect
 1865: The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution went into effect, the
abolishment of slavery
 1860s: The Ku Klux Klan is formed in Tennessee by white Confederate veterans
 1870: The Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution guarantees the right of male citizens to
vote regardless of colour or previous condition of servitude

3.  Prosperity that was accessible to many whites, was not
available to everyone
 Black Americans were largely excluded
 Example: Suburban neighbourhoods

4.  1950s/1960s
 Racism was prominent throughout society
 Faced hiring discrimination & unequal
pay/opportunity
 Discriminatory real estate practice
 Kept to inner city neighbourhoods (out of suburbs)
 Kept in areas with poor schools and education
 In the South, segregation was the law
 Required that blacks and whites attend separate schools and
churches and use different facilities

5.  Grew out of political organizations
and churches (1950s)
 First area of focus was education
 1954: Brown v. Board of Education
 Decided that segregation based on race in
Educational facilities was no longer legal
 Despite this decision, little change
resulted
Additional Resource (Brown v. Board of
Education Video)
http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX760a6e
7d58506758635545&t=Civil-Rights-Movement

6.  Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955)
 Non-violent protest of racial segregation on buses
 Result of the arrest of Rosa Parks
 Refused to give up her seat for other white
passengers
 Arrested and found guilty
 Many participants were arrested or their livelihood
was threatened
 Law of bus segregation was challenged in court
 November 13, 1956- declared unconstitutional
Additional Resource (Montgomery Bus Boycott Video)
http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX030d46007f701570455d7b&t=Civil
-Rights-Movement

7.  Little Rock Central High School (1957)
 NAACP made attempts to enrol blacks in white
schools after the Brown v. Board of Education decision
 Nine African American students selected to attend
 On the first day of school, they were prevented from
entering by Arkansas National Guard
 Were also harassed, threatened and at the centre of protest by other
student
 President Eisenhower enforced orders of the Federal
court and deployed 101st Airborne Division to protect
the students

8. Additional Resource (Central High/Little Rock Video)
http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX6d517e016d4a01004d556b&t=Civil
-Rights-Movement

9.  1960
 Greensboro, North Carolina
 Four black college students sat at Woodworth’s Lunch
Counter protesting African American exclusion from that
location
 Peaceful protest
 Inspired other sit-ins (spread to most segregated states)
 Some participants escorted from the lunch area and jailed
 Led to the formation of the Student Non-Violent
Coordination Committee (SNCC)
Additional Resource (Greensboro Sit Ins Video)
http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX6a5a54565d5c0c52045477&t=Civil
-Rights-Movement

11.  Journeys on interstate buses into segregated Southern
states
 First freedom ride departed from Washington on May
4, 1961
 Aimed to integrate bus seating and desegregate bus
stations
 Including washrooms, drinking fountains and waiting areas
 Many participants were violently attacked and injured
 Kennedy ordered the re-issue of a desegregation order
 Passengers were then permitted to sit anywhere on buses and
use integrated facilities

12. Additional Resource: Freedom Riders Video)
http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX47156370015c0e7c5b7a06&t=Civil-
Rights-Movement

13.  August 28th, 1963
 100th anniversary of the Proclamation of Emancipation
 Focused on:
 Civil Rights Laws
 Federal works
 Full/fair employment
 Decent housing
 Adequate integrated education
 Martin Luther King Jr. “I have a dream..” speech
 Helped pass the Civil Rights Act (1964) and Voting
Rights (1965)

14. Additional Resource: March on Washington Video)
http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX555000426740744c434673
&t=Civil-Rights-Movement

15.  Civil Rights Act of 1964
 Banned discrimination based on
race, colour, religion, sex or national origin in
employment practices and public accommodation
 Nullified state and local laws legalizing segregation
and discrimination
 http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX6a4146734773
624354037b&t=Civil-Rights-Movement
 Voting Rights Act of 1965
 Outlawed discriminatory voting practices
 Eliminated the prevention of blacks and other
minorities from voting
 http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX4469045f
0f486b4e655067&t=Civil-Rights-Movement

16.  1954- Brown v. Board of Education
 1955- Rosa Parks and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
 1957- Little Rock Nine
 1961- Freedom Riders and the desegregation of bus terminals
 1963- The Birmingham Campaign/ March on Washington
 1964- Martin Luther King Jr. wins Nobel Peace Prize
 1964 (July)- Civil Rights Act is passed
 1965- March for Freedom/ Voting Rights Act passed
 1968- Martin Luther King Jr. is assassinated
 1972- Congress approves the Equal Rights Amendment
 2008- Barack Obama is elected the 44th president of the United States

17.  Even though the fight for equality had begun many
years prior to the 1950s, had much changed since the
post Civil War era?
 What were African Americans fighting for?
 Do you believe that true equality of races has been in
achieved in the United States? In the world?

18.  Martin Luther King Jr. “I have a dream...” speech (video)
 http://www.neok12.com/php/watch.php?v=zX5b7d7b6d56665342605173&t
=Civil-Rights-Movement
 Martin Luther King Jr. “I have a dream...” speech (text)
 http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlkihaveadream.htm
 Montgomery Bus Boycott- Online activity
 http://www.beforetheboycott.com/eLearning/index.html