1. In Chinese and Indian Government

2.  Mao Zedong declared the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1947.
 Needed manpower for army and economy to be a super power
 Encouraged the Chinese to multiply
 Condemned birth control
Through the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, the gov’t flip flopped on
population control depending on need for labor force.

3.  Families (with some exceptions) are limited to one child only.
 Heavy fines, loss of property, or loss of job are given to those who break the
policy

5.  In early 1970s Indira Gandhi (Prime Minister) began forced sterilization after
the use of contraceptives and abortion had already been unsuccessfully tried for
decades.
 Men with 2+ children had to be sterilized.
 Caused people to dislike “Family Planning”
Family Planning Symbol

6. India, China, and the Asian Tigers

7.  In the 1990s, gov’t loosened controls of industries and reduced
trade barriers.
 New businesses increased!
 However, most prosperity from the strong economy has only gone
to minority

8.  Today, China’s economy = 2nd largest (behind U.S.)
 Deng Xiaoping (in 1985) made economic reforms by combining a
planned economy with a market economy.
 Living conditions have improved, but it hasn’t reached all of
China (hence the one child policy to limit population)

9.  Boosted by U.S. aid and foreign trade (especially during Korean War).
 Constructed modern factories and rebuilt heavy industry (steel, automobiles)
 Japanese strong work ethic helped greatly
 In the 1970s, Japan began focusing on electronics and computer tech.
 Now they are a world leader in these areas.

10.  Poor and underdeveloped like
all of Asia in the 1960s, but
used Western influence (like
Japan) to change.
 Began educating and training
citizens
 Received aid from the U.S.
during Cold War
 Benefited from close shipping
routes in the Pacific
 Focused on growth from
export of consumer goods to
the U.S.