Abstract. The American People And The Politicians Believe

Abstract. The American People And The Politicians Believe
Abstract
The American people and the politicians believe that World War I would be the war that ended all
wars. Many did not believe there should even be a military, just a National Guard for homeland
security. There was a great downsizing of military personnel and equipment after World War I. The
United States never occupied German after World War I, which set the stage for another war because
Hitler never admitted that Germany lost. Hitler believed Germany lost because of enemy
propaganda, not defeat on the battlefield. GEN Marshall became the Army Chief of Staff in a time
that required a rebuild of the U.S. military. GEN Marshall organized the greatest military expansion
and prepared American forces for war. It was a very arduous ... Show more content on
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Fellow officers assumed MAJ Marshall would be relieved after the incident, but instead he earned
respect and a position in GEN Pershing staff. He proved himself as such a gifted administrator and
global strategist that Franklin Roosevelt was forced to give the job GEN Marshall coveted, the
command of Operation Overlord for the invasion of France, to Dwight Eisenhower, saying to GEN
Marshall, "I didn 't feel I could sleep at ease with you out of Washington" (Hull, 2016). These
situations shaped GEN Marshall's career, which lead him to being in many staff position and
mentored by many great leaders. GEN Marshall's greatest staff position with the largest task of his
career is to prepare a undermanned and ill–equipped military for yet another World War. GEN
George Marshall was instrumental in preparing the force for war and being victorious in World War
II because he organized the largest military expansion in U.S. history, he wrote the central strategy
for all Allied operation, and the invasion of Europe, and his post war rebuild plan successfully
rebuilt Europe, earning him the Noble Peace Prize.
GEN Marshall Organized the Largest Military Expansion
Winston Churchill undoubtedly came the closest in describing Marshall 's importance in the war
effort when Churchill cabled Washington late in the war: "He is the true 'organizer of victory'"
(Ellwood, 2006). In 1939, Gen Marshall became the Chief of Staff
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Benjamin O. Davis: A Brief Biography
Benjamin O. Davis, Sr., was born in Washington, D.C., on July 1, 1877. Davis attended M Street
High School in Washington where he participated in the school's cadet program. During his senior
year of high school, he took some classes at Howard University. His father, a messenger for the
Interior Department, and his mother, a nurse, urged him to enroll in college after high school. He
entered the military service on July 13, 1898, during the War with Spain as a temporary first
lieutenant of the 8th United States Volunteer Infantry. He was mustered out on March 6, 1899, and
on June 18, 1899, he enlisted as a private in Troop I, 9th Cavalry, of the Regular Army. He then
served as corporal and squadron sergeant major, and on February 2, 1901, he was commissioned a
second lieutenant of Cavalry in the Regular Army. Following many years of service, he became an
adviser for the military on racial discrimination, pushing for full integration of the armed forces. He
earned a Bronze Star Medal and Distinguished Service Medal. Davis spent much of his time
teaching others as a professor of military science and tactics at Wilberforce University in Ohio and
the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Davis Jr. was born in Washington, D.C., in 1912. He graduated from Central High School in
Cleveland, Ohio, in 1929, attended Western Reserve University in Cleveland and later the
University of Chicago. He entered the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y., in July 1932 and
graduated in June 1936 with a commission as a second lieutenant of infantry. He organized the 99th
Pursuit Squadron, the first entirely AfricanAmerican air unit, which flew tactical support missions in
the Mediterranean theater. In 1943 he organized and commanded the 332nd Fighter Group (the
Tuskegee Airmen). By the end of the war, Davis himself had flown 60 combat missions and had
been promoted to

Space Force Position Paper
POSITION PAPER ON SEPARATE AIR AND SPACE FORCES 1. This position paper will defend
separating the air and space forces into different branches of the armed services. The first main point
will discuss opinions for separating the forces. The second main point will cover valid arguments
against the separation of forces. The third main point will further advocate for a separate space
force. 2. The most basic reason for establishing a separate space force is the different terrain.1 We
look to the Navy to be experts in the sea and the Army on the ground.2 We look to the Air Force as
experts in air dominance and supremacy, not space dominance or space power.3 Space is an
afterthought for most of our leaders due to their extensive flying backgrounds and lack of space
warfare knowledge, at no fault of their own.4 It is unlikely that we will see a space officer sitting in
the Chief of Staff role if the forces remain under one command due to the large role that air power
plays over space power.5 The space terrain deserves a seat at the table with land, air and sea.6 The
only way to make this happen is to establish a separate United States Space Force. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The arguments against establishing a separate space force are becoming less relevant on a daily
basis as the demand and dependence on space capabilities grow. Many leaders view space as a
seamless domain to air, while this may hold some truth, consider the other branches also operate in
the air domain, meaning one domain does not solely belong to one branch of service.7 These shared
environments require joint coordination from all parties.8 Another common argument is the costs
associated with reorganizing efforts.9 These costs would appear steep in the beginning, however
giving the space force a separate budget and command would allow for efficiency and effectiveness
to grow over time.10 History has proven this with the separation of the Air Force from the Army Air

Saudi Arabia’s Military: the Social Aspects of the...
Running Head: SAUDI ARABIA
Saudi Arabia's Military:
The Social Aspects of the Kingdom's Armed Forces
Introduction For a land with such a long history of military conquests, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
has a relatively short one. Strategic movements by the House of Saud in the 1800s started the birth
of the Kingdom, and the military has quickly transformed from a tribal militia to a regional super–
power. However, Saudi Arabia is not without its faults. In this paper, I will paint a brief picture of
where the Saudi military originated from and how it evolved into its current state. I will then address
significant issues with manpower in the Saudi armed forces, the most critical failure of their military
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Saudi Arabia played a key supporting role to the United States in
the Iran–Iraq War and the Persian Gulf War. Saudi forces participated in international coalitions to
protect oil interests in the Persian Gulf and to monitor hostile forces. Additionally, Saudi forces
contributed to small combat operations in the Persian Gulf War, flying over 3,000 air sorties and
deploying six army brigades. The traditional threats that Saudi Arabia was used to evolved in the
late 1990s to Islamic terrorists and unstable neighbors with the capability of employing weapons of
mass destruction, such as Iraq and Iran.
Structure of the Saudi Armed Forces Under the authority of the King, Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al–
Saud, who serves as president of the Council of Ministers, which is similar to a prime minister, the
armed forces of Saudi Arabia, of which the King is commander–in–chief, fall under the Ministry of
Defense and Aviation (Metz, 1992). The Saudi armed forces consist of the Royal Saudi Land Forces,
the Royal Saudi Naval Forces, the Royal Saudi Air Force, and the Royal Saudi Air Defense Forces.
The High Defense Council, which is similar to the National Security Council in the United States,
has the responsibility of establishing and implementing the defense policy of the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia (Noyes, 1982). Members of the High Defense Council include the King, the Minister of

The United States Marine Corps
Introduction
While a commander's staff conducts planning at any level, whether it is strategic, operational, or
tactical, the importance of identifying both theirs and the adversary's center of gravity (COG) is a
critical part of the planning process. Three factors should be carefully analyzed in order to gain a
full understanding of the COG; they are critical capabilities, critical requirements and critical
vulnerabilities (U.S. Office of the CJCS 11 August 2011, III–24). Although a COG can be attacked
directly, the indirect approach which seeks to destroy or neutralize the COG by attacking an
adversary's critical vulnerabilities can be a more efficient use of available resources. The United
States Marine Corps' Warfighting publication MCDP 1 draws a direct correlation between a COG
and its critical vulnerability by stating, "we should focus our efforts against a critical vulnerability, a
vulnerability that, if exploited, will do the most significant damage to the enemy 's ability to resist
us" (United States Marine Corps 1997, 47). The Marine Corps favors the indirect approach to
defeating an adversary's COG because the functions assigned to them by the Department of Defense
(DoD) require expeditionary operations and expeditionary forces typically are limited in size, assets,
and resources driving them to target an adversary's critical vulnerabilities.
Functions of the United States Marine Corps
The functions of the United States Marine Corps as listed in the DoD

Operation Of Operation Eagle Claw
Many American hostage lives were on the line with just one military operation to save and bring
them home. Yet, the failure of Operation Eagle Claw brought death to military personnel and shame
to America. Operation Eagle Claw was a mission to end the hostage crisis in Iran which was in a
political upraise against the United States. The planning of Operation Eagle Claw was too complex
and planners over looked military aviation doctrine to hastily get the hostages safe. Operation Eagle
Claw's failure was due to prolonged American evacuation from Iran which led to a hasty complex
plan that did not keep aviation doctrine in consideration which helped us learn how we need to
rethink and conduct large scale military aviation operations. The ... Show more content on
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For days, military flights brought thousands of Americans out of Iran and into safe countries until on
February 10th 1979, Iranians closed the Mehrahad Airport putting a halt on the evacuation of
Americans. In response, the Joint Chief of Staffs were planning and organizing a rescue and support
mission to the U.S. Embassy in Iran. Before the rescue and evacuation mission could begin, armed
Iranians took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and took 102 Americans hostage. Khomeini security
returned the hostages and embassy while also getting the airport to be reopened.2 On November 4th
1979, Iranian revolutionary students stormed the U.S. Embassy in Teheran and took 52 Americans
and some military personnel hostage. The students would only release the hostages if America
would hand over the Shah to receive trial and most likely execution along with no more interfering
in Iranian affairs.3 Many rescue mission attempts, blocking resources, and compromising with Iran
gave little to no hope to retrieve the hostages and bring piece. "Under enormous political pressure,
on November 12th, President Jimmy Carter ordered the pentagon to begin drawing up plans for a
daring – read: foolhardy – rescue mission codenamed "Operation Eagle Claw".3 The President and
Joint Chiefs of Staff needed to come up with a tentative plan fast for the American population who
were upset with the hostage crisis not being

Commander's Intent
The commander's intent is a critical part of mission command. The commander, through the
commander's intent, must blend the art of command and the science of control that integrates all
joint warfighting functions. ADM Wesley McDonald, Commander US Atlantic Command
(LANTCOM), failed to convey the commander's intent to the joint force for Operation Urgent Fury.
This failure promoted misunderstanding and mutual trust issues among the joint force that affected
the integration of joint functions such as intelligence and sustainment.
ADM McDonald failed to clearly and concisely convey his commander's intent express to the joint
force. The commander must clearly and concisely express what the force must do and the conditions
the force must ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When planning for joint operations, Commanders must include all services and multinational
partners to promote understanding. A joint force that understands the capabilities and limitations
among the force builds trust across the force. LANTCOM command did not foster a climate of
mutual trust during Operation Urgent Fury. Trust is essential element during operations. Senior
leader must trust the abilities of subordinates and subordinates must have trust in senior leaders. The
lack of mutual trust began at the senior level of military command and continued during the
execution of Operation Urgent Fury. The JCS rejected LANCOM's attempts to blend ground forces
and established boundary lines between ground forces. Additionally, subordinate commanders did
not trust the LANTCOM. During the initial ground operations, a brigade of the 82nd Airborne
Division came under attack. Instead of requesting reinforcements through joint operation channels,
the request for reinforcement went directly to the 82nd Airborne Division rear staff. Mutual trust is
difficult to build during operations. US armed forces must seek every opportunity to conduct joint
training exercises to build mutual trust before operations. Joint exercises develop habitual
relationships among the services and promote mutual trust. The lack of mutual trust not only affects
command and control but other joint function such as intelligence. LANTCOM failed to coordinate
and

Key West Agreement Analysis
In addressing the inconsistencies of the National Security Act and Executive Order 9877, Secretary
of Defense Forrestal proposed a redraft of the Executive Order to the Chiefs of Staff. However, none
of the Generals approved the suggested changes. In response, Secretary Forrestal arranged a
conference in Key West, during March 1948. Within a month, the Key West Agreement had been
signed by all of the Chiefs of Staff, who agreed on the functions of each Service. Among other
points of interest, the agreement included Section I, paragraph d., which stated, "Prevention of
unnecessary duplication or overlapping among the Services, by utilization of the personnel,
intelligence, facilities, equipment, supplies and services," improving military ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Secretary of the Army Frank Pace and Secretary of the Air Force Thomas Finletter came up with the
first of two agreements that further defined "organic" aviation within the Army. In the letter signed
on 2 October 1951, it was evident that the Army was trying to improve its combat efficiency, and the
Air Force was mainly concerned with job security. The agreement's first paragraph echoed this
sentiment, insuring, "the U.S. Army may employ aircraft necessary for its internal requirements in
the conduct of operations on land, without infringement upon the missions assigned to the U.S. Air
Force" (Wolf, 1987, p. 239). The Army also received a more specific purpose as to how it could
incorporate aviation, to expedite and improve "ground combat and logistical procedures within the
combat zone" (Wolf, 1987, p. 239). In addition, the agreement outlined missions that Army Aviation
could accomplish, including aerial observation, adjusting artillery fire, providing command and
control, and "transportation of Army supplies, equipment, and small units within the combat zone"
(Wolf, 1987, p. 239). An open ended statement that would provide leeway for Army leaders to
maximize the use of aviation assets was included in section 3, which stated, "Army organic aircraft
will be used by the responsible Army commander as he considers necessary for the

Mitchell And Trenchard's Influence On The Development Of...
National security requirements exercised the most significant influence on the development of
airpower in Europe and the United States before the Second World War (WWII), because nations on
both sides of the Ocean had to cope with the multifaceted disastrous results of World War I (WWI)
and airpower seemed to be the answer for future wars. Primarily, understanding the context and
consequences of WWI is vital to apprehend airpower theorist like Douhet, Mitchell and Trenchard
and their revolutionary thoughts on airpower. The development of aircraft in the at the beginning of
the twentieth century challenged not only military leadership but national security of modern states.
The basic question was: How will aerial bombing of enemy territory fit ... Show more content on
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He was mainly influenced by the ideas of airpower from the Italian General Douhet. Likewise, he
postulated the potency of airpower and considered as the most decisive element in future wars.
Further, he argued, that airpower would make Army and Naval forces almost superfluous. The
United States, other than Great Britain, had a different perspective of its geopolitical situation.
Because of the two Oceans on either side of their country, "felt they could afford to be more
complacent about developments in aviation. " Although General Mitchell was a strong proponent for
strategic bombing American airmen had a more distant perspective on bomber aircraft and the use in
future wars. But, both, British and American airpower theorist believed that bombers are an
offensive weapon. According to the American national security guideline bomber aircraft, especially
shortly after WWI, would be employed as a defensive weapon. Mitchell argued, that airpower, by
making wars shorter, would offer a way around the stalemate and slaughter seen in the Great war."
This clearly underpins how Mitchell visualized and enforced national security requirements. Similar
to the British reaction to the rise of Nazi–Germany during the mid 1930s, Congress endorsed
increasing expenditures for the US Army Air Corps: From 30 million in 1935 to over 83 million in
1939. Additionally, key actors

Reasons For The Cuban Missile Crisis
During 1962, the United States and the Soviet Union were in conflict due to the Soviet Union
placing missiles in Cuba, known today as the Cuban missile crisis. In attempt to avoid nuclear
conflict and force the removal of the missiles, Kennedy was faced with three options; to bomb the
missile sites and/or conduct both sea and airborne landings, or blockade the island and reassure the
removal of the missiles. Kennedy decided to blockade Cuba as it was the only option that would
result in the removal of the missiles without it escalating to war. The Cuban missile crisis was the
closest the Cold War was to developing into war. This thirteen day long confrontation between the
United States and the Soviet Union began when the Soviet Union deployed ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Kennedy had three options: To bomb the missile sites, to bomb the sites and conduct both sea and
airborne landings, or to blockade Cuba and to confirm the transfer of the missiles from the island. At
first, Kennedy was enraged and wanted to attack the missile sites, but the issue was whether to let
Khrushchev and Castro know his plan. If he had let them know, the Soviet Union could have
responded earlier by striking against Berlin or their bases in Turkey. However, if it would be a
surprise attack many people would be killed, equalling to further conflict. Kennedy reasoned it
would not be a good idea due to the fact it was impulsive and the consequences would be drastic.
The Joints Chiefs of Staff added that a surprise air strike would lead to an invasion.Although the air
strike proposal was done for, the Joints Chief of Staff argued against the blockade debating that it
would be inefficient and useless. Not only did they mention that the blockade would not remove the
missiles for the simple fact that they were already there, but they also pointed out that doing so
would cause the Soviet Union to do it also. Forcing the removal of the missiles would mean the
United States would have to remove their missiles surrounding the Soviet Union too, or so they
thought. Although a blockade had its cons, it was the safer way to go and would cause less extreme
consequences according to Secretary McNamara and Robert F. Kennedy. These three proposals all
had their cons; Some more than others, but Kennedy managed to pick the best out of them

Tuskegee Airmen Induction
The work force with the black communities were scarce due to segregation and discrimination.
However, after Pearl Harbor, opportunities arisen in the U.S. armed forces where they were reaching
higher numbers of Black men becoming aviators. The Tuskegee Airmen squadron then became a
result of an experiment to test the efforts from Black military aviators. They were not expected to
succeed, yet that did not stop them from displaying their skills in the all black units. Their work
descriptions were not to work as bombers but as to protect them as the bombers release the load for
an attack. The black airmen became single–engine or multi–engine pilots and were trained at
Tuskegee Army Air Field in Tuskegee, Alabama. There were photos of the engines ... Show more
However, there were other powerful, motivated leaders take came out of the experiment as they
traveled throughout the world to make it possible. Benjamin O. Davis for example was the first
Black Air Force General, leading the Tuskegee Airmen flight squadron and standing up to the
military establishment in advancing the cause of Black soldiers. More than that, he was known as a
symbol of the ability of a Black man to persevere through obstacles towards excellence. In 1943, the
99th Pursuit Squadron was assigned first to Tunisia, then to a combat mission in the German–held
Island of Pantelleria. Davis was recalled to to Tuskegee to take over a larger all–black unit preparing
for combat in Europe, the 332nd Fighter Group. He was assigned to command many times in
various places such as the 477th Composite Group at Godman Field, Kentucky, Lockbourne Army
Air Base, Ohio, and the 332nd Fighter Wing. He was later announced Chief of the Air Defense
Branch of Air Force operations and Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations at headquarters U.S. Air
Force in Washington, D.C amongst other titles awarded to him. Another important influential person
was General Daniel "Chappie"

Air Force Core Values
In the early 1990's the Chief of staff, Merrill A. McPeak, originally posted the six core values of the
United States Air Force which consisted of integrity, tenacity, courage, patriotism, competence, and
service. It wasn't until a few years later that those six core values were merged into three. The three
core values; integrity first, service before self, and excellence in all we do were officially embraced
by the United States Air Force in January of 1995 in order to define the type of character expected
from those within the branch of service (Lt Col Tower, P., & Lt Col Dunford, D, n.d.). Today these
core values are the three basic fundamentals of life in the family known as the United States Air
Force. Every person in the United States ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Air Force defines integrity as always doing what is right even when no one is looking (United
States Air Force core values, 1997). Integrity itself is built off of many different key traits; honesty,
kindness, generosity, courage, responsibility and having respect not only for others but yourself as
well. Those are just some of the key traits. I will give prime examples of each trait mentioned above
from my own personal life to help you better understand integrity. The first trait I would like to
review with you is honesty. There are many different aspects of honestly. It could be as simple as
telling someone how you really feel or admitting to a mistake you may have made in your life.
Several years back, I was riding my bicycle at a high rate of speed and flew around a sharp corner. I
came around the corner so fast that I crashed my bicycle into a brand new car that just happened to
be parked on the side of the road. As you can imagine, I flew over my handle bars and landed on the
car. The accident left minor damage to vehicle, but no one was around. I could have easily rode off
and pretended it never happened, though that would not have been the honest nor the right thing to
do. I spoke with the owner of the car and made arrangements to pay him back for the damage.
Honesty is a key trait you must have in the Air

Similarities Between Wwi And WWII
World War I and World War II, costed many nations hundreds of thousands of lives. The wars are
like feeling angry about losing a game, useless and unfortunate. Although WWI and WWII
happened at completely different times, they consist of several similarities, as in who fought and
why, as well as differences, such as how the U.S. joined and why, and the weapons they used.
World War I (WWI), took place over a span of a few years causing many deaths. WWI occurred
from 1914 to 1919, and started due to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Staff, 2016).
Many factors played into the starting of this war. Poor communication caused a lot of problems
during the first world war. Battles would start without the proper equipment or number of troop. ...
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The air force grew largely throughout the first world war. At the beginning of the war, the American
army did not have an air force. American Congress used $640 million to build a strong air force
(Frandsen, 2017). Benjamin Foulois, also known as the father of the air force, flew with Orville
Wright to tests the first airplane for the army. Commander in chief Gen Ferdinand Foch gathered
together a air force that included the French Air Division, the Royal Air Force 9th Bridge and US 1st
PG (Frandsen, 2017). By the end of WWI, The US air force grew largely forom a few men with
outdated planes to a strong combat team (Frandsen, 2017). Overall the air force contributed a lot to
the

Douglas Macarthur: The Makings Of King Arthur
The Makings of MacArthur
Throughout history, the United States military has given birth to many highly successful leaders and
generals. General Douglas MacArthur has long been considered as one of these leaders. Although
historians have scrutinized his failures , he has maintained a prominent reputation as an
extraordinary military leader. His father, General Arthur MacArthur, famously told him, "There are
times when a truly remarkable soldier must resort to unorthodox behavior, disobeying his superiors
to gain the greater glory." Consequently, Douglas MacArthur established his reputation by
disobeying direct orders. These incidents in many ways defined and although made him
controversial also helped to make him famous. MacArthur's ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
However, Franklin Roosevelt recalled MacArthur to active duty on July 26, 1941 as war loomed and
placed him in charge of American and Filipino forces in the Philippines making him the overall
commander when the Japanese invaded–December 8, 1941. Although MacArthur's defense of the
Philippine islands can be considered lacking, the American defenders, who resisted Japanese attacks
for five months, lasted much longer than the British and Dutch in Indonesia and Malaysia.
Regardless of how the lengthened defense changed the Japanese battle plan, the defense transformed
MacArthur into "the first American hero of the war." Yet, throughout the defense of the Philippines,
MacArthur consistently defied and disobeyed orders from his superiors. America's need for a hero to
support and to improve morale, both domestically and abroad, saved MacArthur from citations for
insubordination and possibly even

Questions and Answers on Operation Touch
1. (20 points) The focus of a campaign or major operation is the achievement of the theater strategic
objective or objectives the military condition(s) or end state that defines success for the operational
commander, and which ultimately achieve National or Alliance objectives. Considering the strategic
guidance provided to General Eisenhower for the North African Campaign in the Directive for
Commander–in–Chief Allied Expeditionary Force, and based on the outline plan: 1a. What were the
Theater strategic objective(s)? 1b. Planners develop operational objectives that, in sum, achieve the
campaign's Theater strategic objectives. What operational objectives did the TORCH planners
delineate in the outline plan? 1c. How well do those operational objectives support the attainment of
the Theater strategic objective(s)? The overall objective of Operation Torch was to defeat the Axis
forces in North Africa and establish control of that area from the Atlantic to the Red Sea. Once
control of North Africa was established, intensified air and sea operations would be carried out
against the continent of Europe. The immediate objectives were to land on the Mediterranean Coast
of Algeria and then move east to occupy Tunisia as rapidly as possible, while landing another force
in Morocco to control the Straits of Gibraltar and occupy Spanish Morocco if necessary. In the final
version of the plan, the Allied forces landed at Casablanca (Western Task Force), Oran (Central Task
Force) and

George C. Marshall : An Extraordinary Visionary And...
Warren Bennis, a renowned scholar in leadership studies said, "Leadership is the capacity to
translate vision into reality." (Bennis, 2014) Widely regarded as one of the greatest Generals in U.S.
military history and one of the most important men of the 20th century, George C. Marshall was an
extraordinary visionary and ethical leader. In this paper I will first, cover how George Marshall used
his understanding of pressures for organizational change to transform the post WWI United States
Army and how his transformational leadership put his vision into action. Next I will cover how
George Marshall was an ethical leader through ethical behavior and how his fair–mindedness helped
create and enact the Marshall Plan. Last, I will relate the principle of a visionary and ethical leader
to my personal relevance. George C. Marshall was a strategic visionary leader and an astute
statesman. When Marshall was appointed as the Chief of Staff of the Army in 1939 he knew that
transforming the Army at a time of "volatile and uncertain environment" was essential for
"survival". (Nelson, 1993) "The flames of conflict worldwide seemed about to get out of control.
Europe stood on the verge of war." (Nelson, 1993) That same day Germany invaded Poland and
conducted what was known as the blitzkrieg. According to John T. Nelson's, Strategic Leadership
and the Challenges of Reconstituting the Army, he stated that Marshall envisioned the Army as a
force that was fully manned, trained, and

Religion vs Duty: Ronnie's Rules
In 2005 the Air Force was devastated by allegations of religious harassment and discrimination at
the Air Force Academy. Seven years later, Air Force leaders are still struggling to find an appropriate
balance that will continue to allow airmen their religious freedom while honoring their commitment
to duty. The debate over religion and duty came to the forefront again in February when Lt. Gen.
Ronnie Hawkins gave a presentation titled "Ronnie's Rules" at his first commander's call. In it
included two references to God. The first was when he stated, "Always put God first and stay within
his will," and the second, "Always remember God is good," concluded his brief. Some members of
Lt. Gen. Hawkins staff were offended by his brief and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Naval War College, the issue of religious tolerance in the service comes not from religious freedom,
but rather from a misconception about the freedom of religious speech. The military does a great job
of ensuring that service members have the right and availability of religious worship. However,
service members are trying to be too politically correct when talking about religion beliefs.
Professor Cook believes that there is too much reliance on chaplains to explain the boundaries of
religious speech, when they are actually a matter of law. "I've always said one of the mistakes we
make is that we assume that chaplains are the subject matter experts about this issue and they're
not," he said. "I've never heard a JAG give what I thought was a wrong opinion about this, but I
have heard a lot of chaplains go off the reservation." Professor Cook goes on the say, "The reality is
that when members of the military swear an oath to the Constitution, they give up autonomy about a
lot of things, and not just religion." He also believes there is a solution to helping correct this
problem that is plaguing the Air Force. Officers should have a better understanding of the historical
aspect of the Constitution, and boundaries concerning religious speech should be made more easily
available outside of the chaplain corp. Religion is going to affect every service member's
commitment to duty, regardless of their own religious beliefs. In itself, it is a

M1 Garand Research Paper
The M1 Garand got its name from John Garand, who was a Canadian–American designer in 1928.
The M1 Garand almost did not come into play as there was another man named Pederson, who was
trying to build a .276 T3E2 rifle. The two rifles went through many test together and the .276 T3E2
rifle was leading the way. During the testing of the two rifles, Army Chief of Staff General Douglas
McArthur, was against changing the rifle because they had too many .30 M1 ammunition in stock.
On February 25, 1932, the Adjutant General John B. Shurman, who was representing the secretary
of war, made an announcement to stop the production of the .276 rifle and ammunition and to now
move their attention to making the M1 rifle. During the testing of the M1,

Chief Master Sergeant Paul W. Airey Essay
Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy Introduction There are many types of leaders
not only in the military, but also in every civilian company around the world. We rarely see a leader
who possesses both vision and an ethical style of leadership; however, CMSgt Paul W. Airey, the
first Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force, was this type of leader. Throughout this paper I will
discuss his ability to be both a visionary and ethical leader, which resulted in CMSgt Airey being
labeled a "legend" (LaGrone, 2009, p.2). He was described by the former Chief of Staff, General
Norton Schwartz as an "Airman's Airman and "one of the true pioneers of the service" (LaGrone,
2009, p.2). CMSgt Airey has left a legacy that will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CMSgt Airey used his leadership ability to address the low retention rates of first term Airmen,
which was at a 12 year low (Lucas, 1997). As a visionary leader he understood that it was not just
the war in Vietnam that was to blame for the low retention (Lucas, 1997). He realized that the
promotion system was broken and he set his sites on developing a system that would improve
promotion opportunities for every Airman (Lucas, 1997). Many would say that this was the most
influential contribution he made during his tenure. CMSgt Airey led a team from several career
fields. He understood and used the "Z" process according to Thomas N. Barnes Center (2012a)
"team building" when he met with his team (p.6–8). The teams use and understanding according to
Thomas N. Barnes Center (2012a) "change management" resulted in the the development of the
Weighted Airman Promotion System (WAPS) (p.17–19) (Lucas, 1997). Chief Airey was quoted as
saying "the end result was a promotion system which today is still in effect and is by far the fairest,
most equitable enlisted promotion system of any of the armed forces"(Lucas, 1997, p3).
Furthermore, CMSgt Airey understood that you could not have vision if you sat behind a desk and
because of this he traveled to many bases throughout his tenure. He was asked by the chairman of
the House Banking Committee to go to Europe after many complaints about outrageous interest
rates on loans

Sexual Assault Prevention Essay
Sexual Assault Prevention
Sexual Assault Prevention
Every two minutes a woman is sexually assaulted in the United States (FBI, 2003). According to the
Federal Bureau of Investigation, sexual assault is the most under–reported violent crime in the
United States. In 2005, the Armed Forces received 2,374 reports of alleged cases of sexual assault
involving its members. Of these figures, the Air Force received 584 reports. That is an increase of 28
percent over the past year (DoD, 2005). The Air Force is concerned with the safety, dignity, and
well–being of all its members. The Air Force does not tolerate sexual assault and has implemented a
comprehensive policy that reinforces prevention, response, and accountability.
It doesn't matter ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Air Force is focusing on eliminating those barriers by providing both unrestricted and restricted
reporting. Unrestricted reporting is recommended for victims of sexual assault who desire medical
treatment, counseling, and an official investigation of the crime. Since June 2005, military victims
of sexual assault have been offered a restricted reporting option, which allows those who have been
sexually assaulted to receive medical treatment and support without automatically triggering a
criminal investigation.
In an effort to ensure victims receive consistency in support services provided, the Air Force has
instituted essential training tasks for first response groups, such as medical personnel, law
enforcement and chaplains. Furthermore, the Air Force has trained 201 permanent Sexual Assault
Response Coordinators (SARC) to be on call 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Offenders can only be
held accountable for their actions if the victim reports the crime as unrestricted.
According to a 2000 Criminal Victimization Survey, only 16% of reported rapes result in prison
sentences. Furthermore, the closer the relationship between the victim and the offender the greater
the likelihood that law enforcement will not be told about the sexual assault. The Air Force has been
aggressively addressing this national problem. Military commanders have a variety of punishment
options for alleged offenders. The disposition in

The Performance Report Of The United States Air Force
How much effort would the average employee put in at work if they quality and quantity of work
produced, did not have any effect on their annual performance report? Most workers would do the
minimum, because there are no incentives to exceed the standard. How can the senior leaders
effectively differentiate between employees, to ensure that the correct individuals are being
promoted when all the employees receive the highest ratings on their annual performance reports?
This is one of the problems with the current performance reports in the United States Air Force
today. This paper will begin with a brief background on the current performance report issues, the
new performance report, and the effect on the individual perceptions. The paper will continue with
how the group is using communication to influence, and finally, how a change in culture is needed
for the new system to work.
The United States Air Force has been using the same basic process for performance reports and
promotions, with only a few minor changes since their inception 45 years ago. With the manning in
the Air Force being the smallest it has been since it's inception in 1947, the senior leaders want to
ensure they are promoting the best performers (Harper, 2014). Since military leaders can give orders
that could mean an individuals death and is a hierarchy, it is very important that a leader be the most
qualified person in technical and leadership ability. The Air Force uses the Weighted Airmen

Analysis Of George C. Marshall
Synthesis Essay – George C. Marshall
MSgt Shaun J. Weimer Air Force Senior Noncommissioned Officer Academy
10 September 2014
Instructor: MSgt Blaine Holland
Warren Bennis, a renowned scholar in leadership studies said, "Leadership is the capacity to
translate vision into reality." (Bennis, 2014) Widely regarded as one of the greatest Generals in U.S.
military history and one of the most important men of the 20th century, George C. Marshall was an
extraordinary visionary and ethical leader. In this paper I will first, cover how George Marshall used
his understanding of pressures for organizational change to transform the post WWI United States
Army and how his transformational leadership put his vision into action. Next I will cover how
George Marshall was an ethical leader through ethical behavior and how his fair–mindedness helped
create and enact the Marshall Plan. Last, I will relate the principle of a visionary and ethical leader
to my personal relevance. George C. Marshall was a strategic visionary leader and an astute
statesman. When Marshall was appointed as the Chief of Staff of the Army in 1939 he knew that
transforming the Army at a time of "volatile and uncertain environment" was essential for
"survival". (Nelson, 1993) "The flames of conflict worldwide seemed about to get out of control.
Europe stood on the verge of war." (Nelson, 1993) That same day Germany invaded Poland and
conducted what was known as the blitzkrieg. According to

The Department Of Defense
Alex Novoa Professor Guenther POS1041 04/05/2017 Department of Defense The Department of
Defense also known as the "DoD" is an executive branch department of the federal government of
the United States charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the
government concerned directly with national security and the United States Armed Forces. Before
being named the Department of Defense it was first called the Department of War, which was that
each branch was on its own. It had its own cabinet level secretary. It then changed to the DoD
shortly after WWII; to run the entire military to decrease political infighting. Each of the branch's
individual secretaries now report to the Secretary of Defense. The decision to unify ... Show more
Some of those high–ranking officials, civil and military are: the Secretary of the Army, Secretary of
the Navy, and Secretary of the Air Force, Army Chief of Staff, Commandant of the Marine Corps,
Chief of Naval Operations, and Air Force Chief of Staff, Chief of the National Guard Bureau and the
Combatant Commanders of the Combatant Commands. All of these high–ranking positions, civil
and military, require Senate confirmation. The Department of Defense is composed of the Office of
the Secretary of Defense (OSD), the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) and the Joint Staff (JS), Office of the
Inspector General (DODIG), the Combatant Commands, the Military Departments (Department of
the Army (DA), Department of the Navy (DON) & Department of the Air Force (DAF)), the
Defense Agencies and DoD Field Activities, the National Guard Bureau (NGB), and such other
offices, agencies, activities, organizations, and commands established or designated by law, or by
the President or by the Secretary of Defense. As the head of the department, the Secretary of
Defense is the chief witness for the

The Respect of Soldier's Rank
In the U.S. Military services, rank determines who gets to tell whom what to do. The higher one 's
rank the more authority (and responsibility) they have. U.S. Military personnel fall into one of three
categories: (1) enlisted members, (2) warrant officers, and (3) commissioned officers. Warrant
officers outrank all enlisted members, and commissioned officers outrank all warrant officers and
enlisted members.
"Rank" and "pay grade" are closely associated terms, but not quite the same. "Pay grade" is an
administrative classification, associated with a member 's pay. "Rank" is a title and denotes the
member 's level of authority and responsibility. An E–1 is the lowest enlisted pay grade. That person
's "rank" is a "Private" in the Army and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
military for the first time in 1817, when cadets at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y.,
wore them on their sleeves. From West Point, chevrons spread to the Army and Marine Corps. The
difference then was chevrons were worn points down until 1902, when Army and Marine Corps
enlisted personnel switched to the present points up configuration.Navy and Coast Guard petty
officers trace their insignia heritage to the British. Petty officers were assistants to the officers
aboard ship. The title wasn 't a permanent rank and the men served at the captain 's pleasure. Petty
officers lost their rank when the crew was paid off at the end of a voyage.In 1841, Navy petty
officers received their first rank insignia –– an eagle perched on an anchor. Ratings –– job skills ––
were incorporated into the insignia in 1866. In 1885, the Navy designated three classes of petty
officers –– first, second and third. They added chevrons to designate the new ranks. The rank of
chief petty officer was established in 1894.During World War II, the Army adopted technician
grades. Technicians of a given grade earned the same pay and wore the same insignia as equivalent
noncommissioned officers except for a small "T" centered under the chevrons. Technicians, despite
the stripes, had no command authority over troops. This evolved into the specialist ranks, pay grades
E–4 to E–7.

The Role of Culture and Leadership in the United States...
The Role of Culture and Leadership in the United States Air Force Merriam Webster's dictionary
defines culture as "the set of shared attitudes, values, goals, and practices that characterizes an
institution or organization" and leadership as "the act or an instance of leading." The United States
Air Force, like any other large organization, relies on leadership at all levels to effectively operate its
mission. Further, the United States Air Force since it's inception in 1947 has had a continuously
evolving set of cultures unique to the organization. Joining these two concepts together has directly
lead to the United States Air Force being held as the "Best Air Force in the World." The United
States Air Force began developing its own ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Airmen assigned to the United States Air Force wear distinctive uniforms that convey membership
in the organization as well as facts about the individual. From their rank within the organization via
insignias, their functions via occupational badges to their past duty locations and accolades in the
form of ribbons on their chest, just merely seeing the individual in uniform will tell you much about
the person (Beyland, 2011). The United States Air Force's artifacts do not stop there, even
something as simple as what colors building are painted is unique to the service. Regardless of
location, most permanent building are painted a shade of brown colloquially known as "Creech
brown" after General Wilbur Creech who first prescribed its use (McCarthy, 2007). Ceremonies and
rituals (George & Jones, 2011) form the basis of every major event in an Air Force member's life.
Starting their duty day with the sounding of reveille and the raising of the flag in the morning to the
playing of the retreat and the lowering of the flag at the end of the day; each act, regulated and

The Marine Corps And Amphibious Warfare
According to the 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review, "it is often highlighted the US Marine Corps
has not conducted an amphibious assault since the Korean War, although technically this is not true.
The Marine Corps has conducted 4 amphibious assaults in just the last 2 decades." (Emphasis
added) Lt. General George Flynn argues that "in the past twenty years U.S. amphibious forces have
responded to crises least one hundred and four times. These operations represent a crisis response
rate more than double that of the Cold War." (Emphasis added) In order to continue, however, the
question posed must differentiate between amphibious operations and amphibious warfare because
they are not one in the same. From an economic perspective, spending billions of dollars for a
military capability utilized four times in two decades seems imprudent at best, asinine at worst. An
amphibious operation is defined by the Navy as "a military operation launched from the sea by an
amphibious force, embarked in ships or craft with the primary purpose of introducing a landing
force ashore to accomplish the assigned mission" while amphibious warfare is defined as "a type of
offensive military operation that today uses naval ships to project ground and air power onto a
hostile or potentially hostile shore at a designated landing beach." (Emphasis added) For the purpose
of this paper, the assumption will remain that amphibious warfare is the idea contested by its critics.
The last true offensive

Earle Wheeler Case Summary
Earle Wheeler was the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1964 to 1970, during the Vietnam
War. From 1962 to 1964 he served as Chief of Staff of the United States Army and then in July 1964
the U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson appointed Wheeler as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
Staff to succeed General Maxwell Taylor. Wheeler was the longest–serving Chairman of the Joint
Chiefs to date, serving six years. Wheeler and Robert McNamara the Secretary of Defense often
disagreed with one another, they have great respect for each other. General Wheeler being the
nation's top military officer undoubtedly spanned the height of America's involvement in the
Vietnam War. Wheeler oversaw and supported the expanding U.S. military role in the Vietnam War
in the mid–1960s, consistently backing the field commander's requests for additional troops and
operating authority. He often urged U.S. President Johnson to strike harder at North Vietnam and to
expand aerial bombing campaigns. Wheeler was concerned with minimizing costs to U.S. ground
troops. At the same time, he preferred what he saw as a realistic assessment of the capabilities of the
South Vietnamese military. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since there is no negotiations in prospect, first try threatening them in a way they are obligated to
comply and if that does not work then we will move on to force. We tried reasoning with them, and I
that does not work then we will try another way which is using force. Letting them know that we are
capable of enforcing the consequences. We will send in additional force into Vietnam to oversee and
gain more knowledge on the situation, giving them the feeling of that they are surrounded and being
watched. The troops will be armed and prepared for every type of situation. In addition to having
more force on the ground, we should also add more air forces as well, that are also ready for any
type of

World War II ended in 1945, but America could not rest....
World War II ended in 1945, but America could not rest. "Serious discussion about reorganization
began in Congress and the military department in 1944 and aroused much public interest" (Trask
1997). Because the Air Force played such a large role, discussion of separating the Air Force from
the Army Air Forces (AAF) began. A proposal was created to establish one department for the
United States Armed Forces, combining all the military branches under one department. "On 19
December 1945, President Truman sent a message to Congress recommending a single department
of national defense with three coordinate branches – land, sea, and air." (Trask 1997). Management
of Military and foreign policies were needed during peacetime as they were during ... Show more
The National Security Act of 1947 not only created the CIA, but it also separated the Air Force from
the United States Army Air Forces (AAF). "This act established a new Department of the Air Force
and the U.S. Air Force" (Trask 1997). The importance of National Security in the 1940s was still
present during President Regan's administration in the 1980s. "To strengthen strategic deterrence,
President Reagan revived the B–1 advanced bomber and approved acquisition of the B–2 stealth
bomber" (Trest 1998). The United States Air Force has adapted since the Cold War era since there is
no longer a need for such a large force. The modern United States Air Force has aircraft designed to
destroy air and ground targets, and their cargo aircraft can be used to support humanitarian aid
across the globe. The United States Air Force is an active component of the United States Cyber
Command and combating cyber–attacks against America. The Air Force has created a
Reconnaissance Squadron that operates Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). The United States Air
Force has been involved in the Korean War, Vietnam War, Gulf War, and is still active in the Global
War on Terrorism.
The National Security Act of 1947 "created a cabinet–level, civilian Secretary of Defense to preside
over separate departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force. It institutionalized the wartime Joint
Chiefs of Staff (JCS), established a National Security Council (NSC) in the White House to

Essay about The Strategy Of The Allies On D-Day
In the years since 1945, it has become increasingly evident that the alliance between the British and
the United States was often in disagreement over the correct strategy to insure the final defeat of the
Axis powers. Early on, both British and American staffs could agree that Germany represented a
greater military threat than Japan, but they did not often see eye to eye on the strategy that would
most efficiently defeat them. The Americans were early and persistent advocates of a direct strategy,
a cross–channel attack that would first destroy German military in the West, and then drive deep into
the heart of industrial Germany to end the war. The British, on the other hand, preferred to stage a
number of small–scale attacks around the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was not until the Teheran Conference in November 1943 that the British, encouraged by the
Russians, reluctantly agreed to launch a cross–channel attack, code–named Operation Overlord, in
May of 1944, and to allow President Franklin D. Roosevelt to name a commander for the operation.
Although both Marshall and Brooke were contenders for the appointment, both even promised it,
they were passed over. Instead, all favored in the selection of General Dwight D. Eisenhower, who
was then commanding United States forces in Europe. On January 14 1944, Eisenhower, who was
now Supreme Commander, Allied Expeditionary Force, arrived in London to begin work on the
final invasion plan. The Chief of Staff to the Supreme Allied Commander (COSSAC) planners
proposed to land three divisions (two British and one American) abreast onto Normandy's sand and
shingle beaches, followed immediately by two more and flanked on the east, near Caen, by elements
of a British parachute division. Many details, including the exact landing date, were not specified by
COSSAC in order to leave some flexibility to the Supreme Commander. The weather, tides, and
light conditions required for the landing were outlined and calculated so that the precise calculations
for H Hour on D Day could be made in the future. The plan also called for the

The War Of World War II
World War II was a period in history which contained a motley of quarrels and conflicts. General
Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower played a significant role in the theatre of World War II. In the
conflict, General Eisenhower served not only as a 5 star general in the the United States Army, but
also served as the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces in Europe. As a _____ leader, General
Eisenhower coined the historical term "military–industrial complex", and also led several pivotal
conflicts(??) throughout the course of the war, some of which include the invasion of North Africa
in Operation Torch (1942–1943) and the invasion of France and Germany from the Western Front in
Operation Overlord (AKA D–Day). Throughout the course of World War ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Arnold, travelled to London to survey Major General James E. Chaney's command in the European
Theatre of Operations. After the survey, General Eisenhower returned to the United States on June 3,
1942 with a pessimistic review of Chaney's command in Europe. Thus, on June 23, 1942, General
Eisenhower returned to London and replaced Chaney as the commanding general of the European
Theatre of Operations. Later, in November 1942, General Eisenhower was appointed as the
Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force of the North African Theatre of Operations
through the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force. In North Africa, General
Eisenhower led an operation titled "Operation Torch", which was planned underground in the Rock
of Gibraltar. In order for Operation Torch to be successful, General Eisenhower believed that his
force needed French assistance and cooperation. Thus, Eisenhower assigned François Darlan to help
move a force into Tunisia in order to encounter the rival factions, or the factions under Nazi German
control, in France. However, Darlan was considered generally unpopular among Americans, as
Darlan had previously held a high office position in Vichy France, which was a part of France which
aimed to please German demands, so General Eisenhower's appointment of Darlan was not
favorable among the general public. Later, in December 1942, when Darlan was assassinated,
General Eisenhower took no extrajudicial

The Safety Of Military Equipment
Aircraft Loadmaster Many people wonder how military vehicles,cargo, people, and other military
equipment ever made it from one place to another without being seen and how this action is pulled
off so smoothly. If people only knew more about the military, they would be wonderless. The
transporting of military equipment is so unique and detailing that if you're not precise even the
smallest mistake can ruin the entire operation. The loading of the planes are varied depending on the
cargo, but wait a second who loads the planes? This is the job of an Aircraft Loadmaster. They
perform multiple procedures which ensure that the planes are loaded properly so that the passengers
make it to their destination safely, develop a positive outcome from loading an aircraft by taking the
procedures extremely cautiously, and making history. Procedures such as recording the weight of
cargo, determines the amount of cargo and passengers or troops to be loaded and proper placement
in aircraft and computes load and cargo distribution are few of the many essentials of being Air
Loadmaster. First off by pursuing this career you would need a minimum of a high school diploma
or a GED with 15 college credits and an ASVAB score of at the minimum 36 point to the 99 point
test. The ASVAB stands for "Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery." Its a multiple choice
question test given by the United States Military Entrance Processing Command used to determine
if an individual is qualified to attend

Use Of Military Force
You are the Secretary of Defense and the President has asked you to advise him on the use of
military force.What are the costs and benefits of resorting to force? The Secretary of Defense's job
entails of many main responsibilities. One of the many being that it exercises authority, direction
and control over the department. The Department of Defense is directly under the president, who is
the Commander in Chief. The main objective of the Department of Defense is to provide the
military the necessary resources, means and power to deter war and protect the citizens of the
country. The main headquarters of the Department of Defense is at the Pentagon, which is located in
Arlington County, Virginia. There are many military forces in the United

Pacific Command Cyber Attack
In the organization (O) area, the constant evolution of cyber threats and technologies in
telecommunications imposes a permanent risk by exploiting the configuration of the joint and
coalition forces. A constant update of the procedures results necessary as part of the adaptation of
the cyber warriors to the changing environment. When the fast dynamic of the situation increases
the risk to the mission, unity of effort may be achieved through effective coordination, exchange of
liaisons, and interoperable communications and/or common operating systems. In the training (T)
and personnel (P) areas, the specialized cyber warriors are becoming a scarce resource due to the
competition with the private sector, where the cyber–attacks affects big ... Show more content on
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The JIE considers that the future security environment will continue to feature a range of adversaries
attempting to shape political behavior by conducting damaging or disruptive cyber–attacks. This is a
consequence of the globalization and cannot be stopped, however timely contention is needed. The
Joint Force must minimize the consequences of threatened or successful cyberattacks against the
United States, its allies, and partners by conducting Military Support to Cyber

The Years 1918-1939, Which Separate World War I From World
The years 1918–1939, which separate World War I from World War II, witnessed profound changes
in how technologically advanced military organizations would fight. In most of the cases, during
peacetime, military innovation, and technological developments played an empowering or helping
role in advancing profoundly new and more operative ways of fighting. In a narrow and strict sense,
such innovative improvements were revolutionary. The technological revolution reached the
battlefields and forever changed the way that armies required from the fragile airplanes and
unreliable tanks of World War I to evolve into more sophisticated weapons by the late 1930s.
Amount military innovations which influence the inter–war period, we will focus our ... Show more
These principles are known as Die Truppenfuhrung and shaped "the framework for the preparation
and conduct of ground operations during World War II." This studies emphasized friction and
uncertainty. It requires responsibility and exercises judgment for junior officers in the battlefield. It
also focuses on the greater use of armored combined to army capabilities on maneuver.
Consequently, to the influence of World War I boosted Germany to develop early by the 1920s the
coherent combined arms doctrine that focused on decentralization command and control or mission
type orders, speeding, surprising, or the aggressive exploitation of every weakness in enemy
defensive systems.
One of the lessons learned after the first world conflict is the necessity of using the third dimension
on military operations. That assumption has been conceptualizing by theorist through doctrine and
implements differently from one country to another. The doctrine concerning air force warfare was a
direct influence of World War I as a revolution on this domain. The challenge of many military
theorists concerned the emergence of the aircraft as a weapon and the adaptation of this emerging
capability on military operations. One of the Airpower advocates Giulio Douhet consider the
airpower as a tool to use to avoid trench warfare and dramatically shorten wars. Thus, aircraft would
attack an enemy's sources of assets and it is the key to destroying the

Conventional Airborne Operations Paper
Will the United States Army continue to train, equip, and employ Conventional Airborne Units to
conduct Forcible entry operations within the throughout the next decade? The Airborne has deep
roots in the Army's doctrine and history but a review of historical data, examination of a matrix of
possible future outcomes, event mapping a "What if" scenario and very recent indicators of change
suggest that it's only a matter of time until the full reality of impending changes reflect in both the
Airborne ranks and in Doctrine and terminate the Airborne mission from the Conventional Airborne
Unit.
This predictive analysis relies on several assumptions. Dissolution of these assumptions may modify
the process of analysis or the result of the prediction. The first assumption is that there will be no
change to guiding policy regarding the military's role in national security for foreseeable future.
Secondly, the Army will continue to staff, equip, prepare, its force according to the Defense
Strategic Guidance 2015 and Department of Defense Budget (Headquaters , 2015) (Department of
Defense, Comptroller, 2015). Thirdly, Special Forces Units have and will continue to conduct forced
entry operations successfully (U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, 2012). ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A conventional airborne unit has not conducted one forced entry operation since 1989 when a
Brigade Combat Team from the 82d Airborne Division led a forced entry operation into Grenada
(82nd Airborne Division History, 2013). In March 2003, there was a forced entry operation into
Iraq, but this has come under scrutiny because by definition it was not a forced entry operation as
Special Operations Forces already secured the (DeVore, 2015). There has been no need or use for
Conventional Airborne Units to conduct forced entry operations when the special forces units can
and have conducted more airborne operations (DeVore,

Building Partnerships in Professional and Military...
On Sep 11, 2001, al Qaeda threatened the United States (U.S.) national security, and we are still
combating terrorism. Since that time, al Qaeda and other extremist groups have also been
endangering some of the U.S. allies. Realizing the magnitude of this international fight, the U.S.
needs help from its partners to counter violence worldwide.
National Strategic Guidance
The National Security Strategy (NSS), the National Defense Strategy (NDS), and the National
Military Strategy (NMS) directives define the U.S. objectives. In the NSS, the Executive Branch
underscored that departments provide assistance and obtain cooperation with the U.S foreign allies.
Accordingly, the Secretary of Defense NDS directed the Department of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
For instance, AF members helped convert an abandoned building into a functional hospital that the
Afghan army personnel operate. Consequently, the Afghan police and their families can receive
medical support. In addition, the SecAF and the CSAF, praised AF personnel for organizing "the
new Afghan National Army Air Corps and the Iraqi AF". These two examples illustrate only a
minute portion of endeavors credited to Airmen efforts supporting allies internationally. Conversely,
if the AF and the National Guard develop a partnership program in academic environments would it
also fulfill the requirement?
Purpose of the Research The intent of this research paper is to examine the question by presenting a
plan for integrating components of a NG Program into an AF PME school. Air University Air
Command and Staff College (ACSC), a resident program, located at Maxwell AF Base in
Montgomery, Alabama will represent the AF PME School. The NG program will be the State
Partnership Program (SPP). Since ANG personnel attend ACSC, and not Army NG forces, the study
will only focus on the former personnel.
Why ACSC and National Guard SPP? ACSC student body encompass ANG members and
International Officers (IO's)
participating in the NG SPP. On 25 June 2009 Brigadier General Jimmie Jackson, Jr., then
ACSC Commandant, testified to Congress that since 1946 approximately 2,500 IO's from 92
nations graduated from the college. Many of the IO's later

The United States Secret Service Essay
Immediately following Flight 11 crashing into the North Tower of the World Trade Center
reactionary plans were enacted by the United States Secret Service to safe guard the President, who
was at a Florida Elementary School at the time of the attack. Initial plans were to return the
President to the White
INTERAGENCY COOPERATION 9/11 REPORT 6
House, after further consideration and convincing of the President this plan of action was
abandoned. At this point, Air Force One was simply flying in a westward direction with an unknown
destination. Within approximately ten minutes of changing direction without a destination, an Air
Force Officer and Presidential Aid collaborated with the Secret Service Agents aboard Air Force
One and was able to identify and convince them that Barksdale Air Force Base would be suitable.
Following the immediate Presidential response and refueling of Air Force One, a reduced
Presidential entourage and the President set out for Offutt Air Force Base located in Nebraska in
another example of collaboration of Air Force and Secret Service collaboration to facilitate the
President's needs. At Offutt, the President was able to confer "with his principal advisers through a
secure video teleconference" (National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States,
2004) within twenty–five minutes of his arrival. Despite advice from the President's aids in
conjunction with the Secret Service, and the adequate resources at Offutt AFB, the

The World Trade Center Essay
When the world trade center was first opened in 1937, it was considered to be one of the greatest
construction projects in United States history. The twin towers, standing at 1,368 feet tall and 1,362
feet tall, were the two tallest buildings that the world had ever seen (The World Trade Center). Not
only was the World Trade Center an institute for office space and shopping, but it also served as a
tourist attraction that people from all across the globe would come to see. The towers went on to
became a part of the daily life of New York City. Consequently, no one could have foreseen the
horrendous events that would occur on September 11, 2001. Not even the President of the United
States could have expected something of this magnitude. It was just an average Tuesday morning in
New York when the unthinkable happened. American Airlines Flight 11 crashed into the World
Trade Center's North Tower at precisely 8:46 AM (Ritter). The entire city was instantly thrown into
a frenzy of panic and disarray. No one knew what exactly had happened and citizens were looking
for answers. Many tuned into NBC as they began coverage of the events at 9:52 AM (Wing). The
network started off by interviewing a shocked Jennifer Overstein over the phone. Apparently,
Jennifer had witnessed the first explosion as it happened. She didn't know what had caused the
explosion, but she was frantically explaining what happened. She gave descriptions of emergency
vehicles, fearful citizens, and heavy smoke

Operation Of Operation Eagle Claw
Many American hostage lives were on the line with just one military operation to save and bring
them home. Yet, the failure of Operation Eagle Claw brought death to military personnel and shame
to America. Operation Eagle Claw was a mission to end the hostage crisis in Iran which was in a
political upraise against the United States. The planning of Operation Eagle Claw was too complex
and planners over looked the military aviation doctrine to hastily get the hostages to safety.
Operation Eagle Claw's failure was due to prolonged American evacuation from Iran which led to a
hasty complex plan that did not keep aviation doctrine in consideration which helped us learn how
we need to rethink and conduct large scale military aviation ... Show more content on
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For days, military flights brought thousands of Americans out of Iran and into safe countries until on
February 10th 1979, Iranians closed the Mehrahad Airport putting a halt on the evacuation of
Americans. In response, the Joint Chiefs of Staff were planning and organizing a rescue and support
mission to the U.S. Embassy in Iran. Before the rescue and evacuation mission could begin, armed
Iranians took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran and took 102 Americans hostage. Khomeini security
returned the hostages and embassy while also getting the airport to be reopened.2 On November 4th
1979, Iranian revolutionary students stormed the U.S. Embassy in Teheran and took 52 Americans
and some military personnel hostage. The students would only release the hostages if America
would hand over the Shah to receive trial and most likely execution along with no more interfering
in Iranian affairs.3 Many rescue mission attempts, blocking resources, and compromising with Iran
gave little to no hope to retrieve the hostages and bring piece. "Under enormous political pressure,
on November 12th, President Jimmy Carter ordered the pentagon to begin drawing up plans for a
daring – read: foolhardy – rescue mission codenamed "Operation Eagle Claw".4 The President and
Joint Chiefs of Staff needed to come up with a tentative plan fast for the American population who
were upset with the hostage crisis

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