This document outlines various safety measures for different construction activities. It recommends securing ladders to prevent slipping, using shoring and timbering for trenches over 2m deep, shutting off utilities before demolition, checking equipment regularly during steel erection, having qualified supervision for piling works, and providing protective gear and fire controls for hot bituminous works. Safety precautions include barricades, lighting, signage, inspections and having experienced supervision for excavation, demolition, piling and bituminous tasks.
2. Safety measures for ladders
Ladders should be design for the loads these are required to carry
In bamboo ladders rungs maybe fixed to the rails with spikes of
proper design and strength
Safety shoes to avoid slipping
Ladders used for heavy works should not be more than 6m
To prevent slipping a ladder should be secured at the bottom end
The ladders should not be supported against the windows panes,
sashes
Metal stairs should not be used around the electrical equipment
Joints of ladder by rope should be avoided
Defective ladder should not be used
Diameter of rope ladder should not be less then 25mm and
thickness of steps should not be less then 38mm
For damage or deterioration wooden ladders should be inspected at
least once a month
3. Safety measures during
excavation
Experienced foreman or supervisor should be look after the
excavation
Before excavation work a complete knowledge of underground
structure to avoid the accident
Safety helmets should be worn by all persons entering a trench
Trenches should be securely shored and timbered exceeding 2m
depth of trenches
Excavated material should be kept away from the edge of trench in
order to prevent sliding of trenches
Heavy equipment such as excavating machinery, trucks,
dumpers,etc should be kept away from the trenches
at night excavated area should be adequately lighted
4. Safety measures for demolition
of buildings
Danger sign provide all around the area of demolition
During night time red lights should be placed around the barricades
and entry of unauthorized persons restricted
At the time of demolition work workers should use all type of safety
equipments
The process of demolition may weaken the side walls of an
adjoining structure and to prevent possible damage these wall
should be supported
The power on all electrical services line must be shut off
all gas water steam and other service lines must be shut off before
the demolition work is started
No demolition work should be carried out at night
5. Safety precautions for erection
of steel structures
All equipments checked periodically to ensure their safe working
Moving parts of all equipments should be provided with safety
guards
Rubber pipelines for oxygen acetylene of gas should be properly
checked for leakage or damage
Workers engaged in gas cutting and welding operations should
wear suitable gloves and aprons and use proper welding screens
Power cable for all equipment should be properly insulated and
protected from damage and cuts
Danger sign display
Cut pieces and scrap stored at an appropriate place
All lifting tools checked before used
Worker used safety belts
6. Safety measures during piling
and deep foundations
All the works should be carried out under the supervision of
qualified supervisor
The site should be berricated or watchman should be engaged
During night work proper lighting provide
Safety sign should be placed at the site
Before excavation work a complete knowledge of underground
structure to avoid the accident
Safety equipment
First aid box should be kept at site
Pile driver should not be kept near electricity line
Hoisting ropes of pile driver should be made of galvanized steel
Due to vibrations during pile driving nuts and bolts gets loosened
they should be tightened periodically
Labours handling sheet piles should wear gloves
7. Safety measures for hot
bituminous works
Experienced foremen or supervisor required
Protective shoes, gloves, goggles and helmet
On site sand or loose earth should be available to stop fire
When bituminous work going on road site traffic control system
must be applied
Only trained and experienced workers employed at site
At time of strong winds or cyclone the work should be stopped to
avoid danger of fire
Do not use open flame to check bitumen content in boiler
do not heat bitumen or tar in open drum