This document outlines various safety measures for different construction activities. It recommends securing ladders to prevent slipping, using shoring and timbering for trenches over 2m deep, shutting off utilities before demolition, checking equipment regularly during steel erection, having qualified supervision for piling works, and providing protective gear and fire controls for hot bituminous works. Safety precautions include barricades, lighting, signage, inspections and having experienced supervision for excavation, demolition, piling and bituminous tasks.

1. Safety management

2. Safety measures for ladders
 Ladders should be design for the loads these are required to carry
 In bamboo ladders rungs maybe fixed to the rails with spikes of
proper design and strength
 Safety shoes to avoid slipping
 Ladders used for heavy works should not be more than 6m
 To prevent slipping a ladder should be secured at the bottom end
 The ladders should not be supported against the windows panes,
sashes
 Metal stairs should not be used around the electrical equipment
 Joints of ladder by rope should be avoided
 Defective ladder should not be used
 Diameter of rope ladder should not be less then 25mm and
thickness of steps should not be less then 38mm
 For damage or deterioration wooden ladders should be inspected at
least once a month

3. Safety measures during
excavation
 Experienced foreman or supervisor should be look after the
excavation
 Before excavation work a complete knowledge of underground
structure to avoid the accident
 Safety helmets should be worn by all persons entering a trench
 Trenches should be securely shored and timbered exceeding 2m
depth of trenches
 Excavated material should be kept away from the edge of trench in
order to prevent sliding of trenches
 Heavy equipment such as excavating machinery, trucks,
dumpers,etc should be kept away from the trenches
 at night excavated area should be adequately lighted

4. Safety measures for demolition
of buildings
 Danger sign provide all around the area of demolition
 During night time red lights should be placed around the barricades
and entry of unauthorized persons restricted
 At the time of demolition work workers should use all type of safety
equipments
 The process of demolition may weaken the side walls of an
adjoining structure and to prevent possible damage these wall
should be supported
 The power on all electrical services line must be shut off
 all gas water steam and other service lines must be shut off before
the demolition work is started
 No demolition work should be carried out at night

5. Safety precautions for erection
of steel structures
 All equipments checked periodically to ensure their safe working
 Moving parts of all equipments should be provided with safety
guards
 Rubber pipelines for oxygen acetylene of gas should be properly
checked for leakage or damage
 Workers engaged in gas cutting and welding operations should
wear suitable gloves and aprons and use proper welding screens
 Power cable for all equipment should be properly insulated and
protected from damage and cuts
 Danger sign display
 Cut pieces and scrap stored at an appropriate place
 All lifting tools checked before used
 Worker used safety belts

6. Safety measures during piling
and deep foundations
 All the works should be carried out under the supervision of
qualified supervisor
 The site should be berricated or watchman should be engaged
 During night work proper lighting provide
 Safety sign should be placed at the site
 Before excavation work a complete knowledge of underground
structure to avoid the accident
 Safety equipment
 First aid box should be kept at site
 Pile driver should not be kept near electricity line
 Hoisting ropes of pile driver should be made of galvanized steel
 Due to vibrations during pile driving nuts and bolts gets loosened
they should be tightened periodically
 Labours handling sheet piles should wear gloves

7. Safety measures for hot
bituminous works
 Experienced foremen or supervisor required
 Protective shoes, gloves, goggles and helmet
 On site sand or loose earth should be available to stop fire
 When bituminous work going on road site traffic control system
must be applied
 Only trained and experienced workers employed at site
 At time of strong winds or cyclone the work should be stopped to
avoid danger of fire
 Do not use open flame to check bitumen content in boiler
 do not heat bitumen or tar in open drum