https://www.irjet.net/archives/V10/i8/IRJET-V10I857.pdf

1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 08 | Aug 2023 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2023, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 8.226 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 343
Multidisciplinary Engineering Innovations: From Conveyors to
Propulsion to Sustainable Materials
U. A. Patil1
1Mechanical Engineer, Textile and Engineering Institute,(Ich.), Maharashtra, India
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Abstract - This comprehensive review explores
multidisciplinary engineering innovations across five key
areas: Conveyor Systems, Vehicle Propulsion, Sand
Reclamation, Nanocomposites, and Sustainable Materials.
Delving into each topic, the study unveils diverse conveyor
types and their tailored applications, optimizing material
handling in various industries. Shifting to vehicle
propulsion, it dissects alternative solutions for differential-
less drives and compares differential systems based on
operational needs. In the realm of sand reclamation, IoT
technology drives efficiency through real-time monitoring
and remote control. Advancements in nanocomposites result
in lightweight, durable materials with improved mechanical
and thermal properties. Lastly, the article underscores the
importance of sustainable materials by exploring PVC
alternatives and effective plastic waste management
strategies. This exploration highlights engineering's
transformative role in reshaping industries and fostering
sustainability.
Key Words: Conveyor Systems,Vehicle Propulsion,Sand
Reclamation, Nanocomposites, Sustainable Materials.
1. INTRODUCTION
The summarized content provided encompasses
diverse research articles spanning several industries. It
covers the significance of conveyor systems in efficient
material handling, highlighting different types and their
applicability across various sectors. The research delves
into the design, testing, and validation of slat conveyors
for assembly lines, emphasizing optimization and
efficiency. In the foundry sector, the integration of IoT
technology and fluidized bed sand coolers are explored for
enhancing sand reclamation processes. The automotive
field is discussed in terms of innovative differential-less
drive systems, with a focus on advancements and
comparative evaluations. Additionally, the text touches
upon material research, outlining recent developments in
ternary nanocomposites and emphasizing their potential
applications. Lastly, the importance of alternatives to PVC
and efficient plastic waste management is highlighted,
contributing to environmental sustainability. This
comprehensive overview underscores the
multidisciplinary nature of these research endeavors and
their impact on industry efficiency, environmental
consciousness, and technological advancement.
2. ADVANCED INDUSTRIAL CONVEYOR
SYSTEM
Conveyor systems are crucial in various industries for
efficient material handling. They can be broadly
categorized into belt, roller, chain, and screw conveyors.
Belt conveyors are versatile and used in industries like
manufacturing and mining. Roller conveyors are ideal for
heavy items and are used in warehouses and distribution
centers. Chain conveyors handle bulk materials, often in
harsh environments like agriculture and mining. Screw
conveyors move materials at an incline and are common in
food processing and agriculture. Industries choose
conveyor types based on factors like material, distance,
throughput, and environment for optimized
operations.[1]Another research focuses on the design and
modeling process of a slat conveyor tailored for a two-
wheeler assembly line. It highlights the key steps involved
in creating an efficient conveyor system, starting with
analyzing the assembly line's requirements and selecting
an appropriate slat conveyor type based on factors like
size, weight, and throughput. The article emphasizes
aspects such as conveyor length, layout, drive systems,
support structure, and safety measures. It underscores the
significance of 3D modeling for visualizing the design,
materials selection for durability, and the importance of
testing, optimizing, and planning maintenance for the
conveyor system's long-term performance.[2]One more
research focuses on evaluating and confirming the
functionality of a slat conveyor designed for a two-wheeler
assembly line. The study involves thorough testing
procedures to ensure the conveyor system operates
effectively and meets the assembly line's requirements.
The article discusses protocols for testing factors such as
load capacity, speed, and alignment. It also covers the
validation process, including comparing test results with
predicted outcomes from the design phase. The article
addresses any identified issues and describes adjustments
made for optimization. It concludes by determining
whether the conveyor system meets the assembly line's
needs and may offer recommendations for further
improvements. [3]

2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 08 | Aug 2023 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2023, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 8.226 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 344
3. EFFECTIVE RESEARCH ON FOUNDRY
SECTOR
In the case of the foundry sector, an article presents an
IoT-based smart sand reclamation system designed to
efficiently manage sand reclamation in industrial contexts
like foundries. It integrates IoT technology for real-time
communication and data sharing among system
components. The system aims to optimize the sand
reclamation process by incorporating online monitoring
for remote observation, data acquisition from sensors, and
remote control capabilities. The benefits of IoT integration
include improved monitoring, reduced downtime,
enhanced decision-making, and cost savings. The article
addresses potential challenges and highlights the system's
broader applicability to industrial automation. Overall, the
IoT-based approach enhances sand reclamation efficiency,
aligning with the drive for resource conservation and
improved industrial processes.[4] Recently article
provides a comprehensive overview of fluidized bed sand
coolers and their role in the process of foundry sand
reclamation. The article discusses the significance of
foundry sand reclamation in reducing waste and
promoting sustainability, emphasizing the importance of
efficiently cooling and reconditioning sand for reuse. It
introduces fluidized bed sand coolers as a key technology
in achieving these goals. The cooler's operational
principles, such as fluidization and heat exchange, are
explained, along with their benefits in optimizing sand
reclamation. The article also delves into the design
considerations, heat transfer mechanisms, and factors
influencing the cooling efficiency of fluidized bed sand
coolers. In conclusion, the article highlights the potential
of fluidized bed sand coolers to enhance the foundry
industry's environmental footprint by enabling effective
sand reclamation and reuse while ensuring improved
casting quality.[5] Foundry sand reclamation using a
fluidized bed combustor involves a process wherein used
foundry sand is efficiently reclaimed for reuse through
combustion in a fluidized bed environment. This method
offers a sustainable solution for managing foundry waste
by not only reclaiming sand but also utilizing the heat
generated during combustion for various applications. The
fluidized bed combustor enables the sand to be thoroughly
cleaned, removing contaminants and binders, while also
yielding energy. This approach aligns with environmental
goals by reducing waste and energy consumption in the
foundry industry, contributing to both cost savings and
enhanced sustainability.[6] The impact of automation on
the waste sand heating process during reclamation,
utilizing an Arduino microcontroller, is examined in the
study. Automation enhances the efficiency and precision of
waste sand heating for reclamation. The Arduino
microcontroller controls and monitors the heating
parameters, ensuring accurate temperature regulation and
uniform heating. This results in improved quality of
reclaimed sand and reduced energy consumption. The
integration of automation streamlines the reclamation
process, optimizing resource utilization and contributing
to cost-effectiveness and sustainability in waste sand
reclamation efforts.[7]
4. NEW ERA OF DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE IN
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY
The research in the automobile sector discusses the
generation of alternative solutions for a differential-less
drive system that can be applied to vehicle propulsion. The
focus is on finding innovative approaches to replace
traditional differentials in vehicles. The study explores
various options to achieve power distribution and wheel
speed differentiation, considering factors like efficiency,
performance, and reliability. By seeking alternatives to
differentials, the goal is to enhance vehicle propulsion
systems, improve traction, and potentially reduce
maintenance requirements. The article underscores the
importance of innovation in the automotive field and the
potential impact of adopting new differential-less drive
solutions for future vehicles.[8]The study involves a
comparative analysis of differential drives based on
operational requirements, conducted through the expert
rating method. The research evaluates different types of
differential drives, considering their performance against
specific operational criteria. Experts in the field provide
ratings and insights into how well each drive meets the
requirements. By using this method, the study aims to
objectively compare differential drives, taking into
account factors like efficiency, maneuverability, and
adaptability to various conditions. The expert rating
method offers a structured approach to assess and rank
differential drives, providing valuable insights for
selecting the most suitable drive system based on
operational needs.[9]The future research lies in recent
advancements in differential drive systems for automobile
propulsion. It highlights innovations in differential
technologies that aim to enhance vehicle performance,
handling, and efficiency. The study covers developments in
electronic and mechanical differentials, including torque
vectoring systems that can optimize power distribution to
individual wheels. These advancements address
challenges related to traction, stability, and
maneuverability, contributing to improved vehicle
dynamics and safety. The article emphasizes how these
recent advances play a pivotal role in shaping the future of
automobile propulsion by providing more sophisticated
and adaptable differential solutions that align with
evolving consumer demands and technological trends.[10]
5. POLYMER SCIENCE DEVELOPMENTS
In the material research sector, The review article
discusses recent advancements in ternary blends of
nanocomposites and their influence on mechanical and
thermal properties. It provides an overview of

3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 08 | Aug 2023 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2023, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 8.226 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 345
developments in nanocomposite materials composed of
three distinct components. The study explores how these
ternary blends of nanocomposites have led to improved
mechanical strength and enhanced thermal stability
compared to traditional composites. The review highlights
the impact of factors such as nanoparticle type, size, and
distribution on the resulting properties of the ternary
nanocomposites. By analyzing various studies, the article
emphasizes the potential for tailoring material properties
through ternary blending, which could lead to applications
in diverse fields like aerospace, automotive, and
electronics, where superior mechanical and thermal
performance is crucial.[11]Another study involves a
numerical analysis of an extruder screw and its role in
controlling the diameter of plastic wire in an extruder
machine. The research focuses on understanding how the
design and operation of the extruder screw impact the
diameter of the plastic wire being produced. Numerical
simulations are employed to model the behavior of the
extrusion process, considering factors such as screw
geometry, material properties, and processing conditions.
The study aims to optimize the extruder screw design to
achieve accurate and consistent control over the diameter
of the plastic wire. By leveraging numerical analysis, the
research seeks to contribute to the enhancement of
extruder machine efficiency and the quality of plastic wire
production.[12] The article emphasizes the significance of
utilizing alternative materials to polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
and the importance of effective plastic waste management.
It underscores the environmental and health concerns
associated with PVC, such as its potential to release
harmful chemicals during production and disposal. The
adoption of alternative materials that are more
sustainable and less toxic is highlighted as a crucial step in
reducing the negative impact of PVC on ecosystems and
human health. Furthermore, the article stresses the critical
need for efficient plastic waste management strategies to
mitigate the growing issue of plastic pollution. By
implementing proper waste management practices, such
as recycling, reuse, and responsible disposal, the article
argues that society can address the environmental
challenges posed by plastics and contribute to a more
sustainable future. [13]
6. CONCLUSIONS
This collection of studies covers a diverse range of topics
within industrial engineering and material science. It
delves into the exploration of conveyor systems tailored to
various industries, including the design and testing of a
slat conveyor for two-wheeler assembly lines. The
integration of IoT technology for smart sand reclamation
with real-time monitoring is examined, alongside insights
into fluidized bed sand cooling and combustion methods
for foundry sand reclamation. Automation's impact on
waste sand reclamation is studied through Arduino
microcontroller integration. The realm of vehicle
propulsion is explored, encompassing differential-less
drive system alternatives and a comparison of differential
drives based on operational needs. Recent advancements
in differential drive systems for automobiles are
presented. Nanocomposite blends and their mechanical
and thermal characteristics are reviewed, followed by
numerical analysis of extruder screw performance and
plastic wire diameter control. The necessity for alternative
materials to PVC and effective plastic waste management
is emphasized throughout these studies.
REFERENCES
[1] “Abhijeet K Baji,Utkarsh A.Patil, V.R.Naik, “Study of
Different Types of Conveyor System And Their Use
According To The Various Needs of Different
Industries”NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EXCELLENCE
IN DESIGN, MANUFACTURING & AUTOMATION
(NCEDMA),2018
[2] Baji, Abhijeet K., Utkarsh A. Patil, and V. R. Naik.
"Design and Modeling of Slat Conveyor for Two
Wheeler Assembly line." (2018).
[3] Baji, Abhijeet K., Utkarsh A. Patil, and V. R. Naik.
"Testing and Validation of Two Wheeler Assembly
Line Slat Conveyor." (2018).
[4] Patil, Utkarsh A., and Vasudev D. Shinde. "IoT based
smart sand reclamation system with online
monitoring and data acquisition." Int. Res. J. Eng.
Technol.(IRJET) 8.4 (2021): 3337-3342.
[5] Patil, Utkarsh A. Rohitkumar S. Bharamgonda, Prof. PN
Gore”.An Overview on Fluidized Bed Sand Cooler for
Foundry Sand Reclamation”,NATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN, MANUFACTURING &
AUTOMATION (NCEDMA),2018
[6] Patil, Utkarsh A. Vishal J. Savant Prof. PN
Gore”.Foundry sand reclamation using fluidized bed
combustor”,NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON
EXCELLENCE IN DESIGN, MANUFACTURING &
AUTOMATION (NCEDMA),2018
[7] Patil, Utkarsh A., Suyog B. Rayjadhav, and Vasudev D.
Shinde. "Effect of Automation on the Heating of Waste
Sand in Reclamation Process Using Arduino
Microcontroller." Journal of The Institution of
Engineers (India): Series D (2022): 1-8.
[8] Patil, Utkarsh A., et al. "Generation of Alternative
Solutions for Differential-Less Drive System
Applicable to Vehicle Propulsion." (2018).
[9] Utkarsh A. Patil, Rohit S. Bharamgonda, Vishal J.
Savant, Prof. V. P. Gaikwad,”Comparative Study of
Differential Drives on The Basis of Operational

4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 08 | Aug 2023 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2023, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 8.226 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 346
Requirements by Use of Expert Rating Method”Int.
Res. J. Eng. Technol 5.06 (2018): 1887-1893.
[10] Patil, Utkarsh A., et al. "Recent Advances in Differential
Drive Systems for Automobile Propulsion." Recent
Advances in Differential Drive Systems for Automobile
5.05 (2018).
[11] Patil, Utkarsh A., and Pravin R. Kubade. "Recent
Advances in Ternary Blends of Nanocomposite and
Their Impact on the Mechanical and Thermal
Properties: A Review." International Conference on
Applications of Machine Intelligence and Data
Analytics (ICAMIDA 2022). Atlantis Press, 2023.
[12] Salunkhe, Deepak R., V. P. Gaikwad, and Utkarsh Patil.
"NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF EXTRUDER SCREW &
CONTROLLING THE DIAMETER OF PLASTIC WIRE IN
EXTRUDER MACHINE." Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol 5.06
(2018): 523-526.
[13] Utkarsh A. Patil, Pravin R. Kubade, “The Importance of
Alternative Materials to PVC and Effective Plastic
Waste management” Advancement in Materials
Processing Technology, V3,2023