https://www.irjet.net/archives/V7/i4/IRJET-V7I4338.pdf

1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1761
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON EFFECTS OF GRAINITE POWDER IN
PAVER BLOCKS
S.Antony Jai Surya1, G.Balaji2, M.R.Bava Misreif 3, S.Keerthana4, S.Mohana Sundari5
1,2,3,4UG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Valliammai Engineering College, Tamilnadu, India
5Assistant professor (S.G), Department of Civil Engineering, Valliammai Engineering College, Tamilnadu, India.
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The mainobjectiveofWasteManagementSystem
is to maximize economic benefits and at the same time to
protect the environment. Granite process industrygeneratesa
large amount of wastes mainly in the form of powder during
sawing and polishing processes, whichpolluteanddamage the
environment. This work aims to characterize andevaluatethe
possibilities of using the granite sawing wastes, generated by
the process industries as alternative raw materials in the
production of concrete. This granite powder waste can be
utilized for the preparation of concrete aspartialreplacement
of cement. In order to explore the possibility of utilizing the
granite powder as partial replacement to cement, an
experimental investigation has been carried out. The
percentages of granite powder added to replace cement by
weight were 25,50,75.
Key Words: Granite powder, paver block, compression
strength, cost analysis.
I. INTRODUCTION
Concrete is the single most widely used construction
material in the world today. It is used in buildings,
bridges, sidewalks, highway pavements, house
construction, dams, and many other applications. The
key to a strong and durable concrete are the mix
proportions between the various components. Less
cement paste can lead to more voids, thuslessstrength
and durability while more cement paste can lead to
more shrinkage and less durability. The gradation and
the ratio of fine aggregates to coarse aggregates can
affect strength and porosity. The mix design should
also achieve the desired workability of concrete so as
to prevent segregationandallowforeaseofplacement.
Typically, a concrete mix is about 10% to 15% cement,
25% to 30% sand, 40% to 45% percent aggregate and
15% to 20% water. Entrained air (5% to 7%) is also
added to concrete to improve durability. Concrete
should have enough compressive strengthandflexural
strength to support applied loads. At the same time it
should have good durability to increase its design life
and reduce maintenance costs. In general, durable
concrete will have good resistance to freeze and thaw,
abrasion, sulfate reactions, ultraviolet radiation,
seawater, alkali-silica reaction, and chlorides. The
gradation and maximum size of aggregates are
important parameters in any concrete mix.
II. SCOPE
 To promote the granitewastefromquariesasa
useful product
 To manage the disposal of waste product into
construction raw material
 To encourage the waste product as ecofriendly
material
III. OBJECTIVES
 To utilize the wastematerialsavailableinthegranite
quaries.
 To study the compressive strength of the paver
blocks by adding different percentage of granite
powder.
 To reduce the cement content and recycling the
usage of water granite powder.
IV. LITERATURE REVIEW
K. ShyamPrakash and Ch. Hanumantha Rao , et. al, results of
experimental investigations conducted, it is concluded that
the quarry dust can be used as a replacement for fine
aggregate. It is found that 40% replacement of fineaggregate
by quarry dust givesmaximumresultinstrengththannormal
concrete and then decreases from 50%. The compressive
strength is quantified for varying percentage and grades of
concrete by replacement of sand with quarry dust.
Ravindra Nagar, Vinay Agrawal, Aditya Rana, Anshuman
Tiwari, et.al, study investigatesthefeasibilityofusinggranite
cutting waste (GCW) as a partial substitute of rivers sand in
high strength concrete based on strength, durability &micro
structural attributes at 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40 water cement
ratios (w/c) by substituting 0%, 10%, 25%, 40%, 55%and
70% river sand by GCW suggested that25–40% river sand
can be substituted by the GCW with a favorable influence on
the investigated parameters.TheoptimumamountofGCWto
be used in concretedependssignificantlyuponwater-cement
ratio of concrete.

2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1762
V. MATERIALS TO BE USED
1. Cement
2. Fine Aggregate
3. Coarse aggregate
4. Water
5. Granite Powder
1. CEMENT
The Cement is board sense can be described as a
material with adhesive and cohesive properties,which
is capable of binding mineral fragment into compact
mass. There are several types of available of which
Portland cement is most well-knownandweuseit.The
OPC-43 grade cement shall confirm to IS:8112-1989
and the designed strengthof28daysshallbeminimum
43 MPa or 430 kg/sqcm. Even though 43 Grade
cements early strength islessascomparedtothatof53
Grade, with time it will attain the same ultimate
strength as that of 53 Gradecement. The specific
gravity of cement would be 3.15 which is being used.
2. FINE AGGREGATE
Aggregate which is passed through 4.75 mm IS sieve
and retained on 75 micron I.S. sieve is termed as fine
aggregate. M-sand is well graded and falls within the
limits of grading zone-II sand, grading limits specified
in IS 383 code. Code allows 20% fines less than 150
microns for crushed stone sands. M-sand is devoid of
clay size fraction and the fractionbelow150micronsis
about 18%. M-sand conforming IS 383-1970 was used
in this project.
3. COARSE AGGREGATE
Aggregate which is retained on IS test sieve no. 4.75
mm is called coarse aggregate. Broken stone is
generally used as a coarse aggregate.Forthinslabsand
walls, maximum size of coarse aggregate should be
limited to one-third the thickness of concrete section.
As per I.S. 383-1963, shape of particle of the aggregate
may be rounded, regular, angular and flaky. Rounded
particles do not have good interlocking, where as
irregular and angular particle show very good
interlocking effect. Aggregate should have rough
surface to get better bond between particles and
cement paste. Porosityandwaterabsorptionshouldbe
less .Use of the largest permissible maximum size of
coarse aggregate permits a reduction in cement and
water requirements.
4. WATER
Portable waters are generally considered satisfactory
for mixing and curing of concrete. The value of pH
should not be less than 6. It should not contain high
concentration of sodium and potassium. Less than 8%
of silt is permissible.
5. GRANITE POWDER
Granite powder, a waste material from the granite
polishing industry, is a promising material for use in
concrete similar to those of pozzolanic materials such
as silica fume, fly ash, slag, and others. These products
can be used as a filler material (substituting sand) to
reduce the void content in concrete. Graniteit is the
plutonic igneous rock because it is formed due to
solidification of magma at great depths. The word
"granite" comes from the Latin granum. It is a
holocrystalline and leucocratic rock because it is
completely crystalline and light coloured rock. It is
acidic rockbecause it is very rich in silica content
(nearly 72%). Granite is compact, dense, massive and
hard rock.
VI. PAVER BLOCK MAKING PROCESS
Fig.1 GRANITE POWDER
Fig .2 MOULD FOR PAVER BLOCK

3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1763
Fig.3 FRESHLY PREPARED MIX
Fig.4 PAVER BLOCKS
Fig.5 TESTING OF PAVER BLOCKS
VII. TEST TO BE PERFORMED
A. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST
The brick specimens are immersed in water for 24
hours. The specimen is placed in compression testing
machine with 6 mm plywood on top and bottomofitto
get uniform load on the specimen. The load is applied
axially at a rate of 14 N/mm2.The crushing load is
noted. Then the crushing strength is the ratio of
crushing load to the area of block loaded. Average of
three specimens is taken as the crushing strength. The
crushing load is noted for blocks named 1,2,3,4,5,6&7
(different proportions).
B. WATER ABSORPTION TEST
A brick is taken and it is weighed dry.It is then
immersed in water for 24 hours. It is weighed again
and the difference in weight indicates the amount of
water absorbed by the block. It is should not exceed20
percent of weight of dry block.
C. SHAPE AND SIZE TEST
In this test, a block is closely inspected. It should be of
standard size and its shape should be trulyrectangular
with sharp edges. For this purpose, 3 blocks are
selected at random and they are stacked length wise,
along the width and along the height.
D. IMPACT TEST
In this test, few blocks are dropped from 1m height. If
blocks are broken it indicates lowimpactvalueandnot
acceptable for construction work. Good quality blocks
do not break at all.
E. SOUNDNESS TEST
In this test, two randomly blocks are hardly punched
with each other. If they produce a clear metallic sound
and remain unbroken then they are good quality
blocks.
F. HARDNESS TEST
In this test, scratches are made on the surface of block
by a one-rupee coin. If it does not leave any impression
the block surface then it will be considered as good
quality blocks.
E. EFFLORESCENE TEST
This test is carried out to obtain the presence of
alkaline substances in blocks. Afterthistestprocedure,
a white or grey layer is formed on block surface, it
means alkali is present in the blocks.
VIII. CONCLUSIONS
Based on the above experimental procedure and test,
we conclude as ;

4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 07 Issue: 04 | Apr 2020 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2020, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.34 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1764
1. The Quality of material used for Granite
Powder concrete tested and verified on the
basis of IS Code.
2. The specific gravity value of cement, Granite
Powder,M-Sandandcoarseaggregaterequired
for design mix are tested.
3. All the mixes used for the study shows
adequate workability. Workability of concrete
satisfied on the basis of site condition for
compaction.
4. The Compressive strength of concrete while
replacing the Fine aggregate with Granite
Powder is tested at 28th day and verified.
5. Due to addition of Granite powder and partial
same chemical composition of cement,
Compressivestrengthvalueobtainedisgreater
than the Conventional Concrete.
6. The Granite powder Concrete of grade M30 is
tested as per IS code.
7. Hence huge dumping of waste in the
environment is reduced and this may increase
the usage of Granite Powder more.
8. Economical construction is also achieves.
REFERENCES
[1] A non-technological evaluationandnormsstudyin
stone waste and granite industry. Report of
Ministry of Science and Technology. GOI, 1993.
[2] Patel AN, Pitroda J. Stone waste in India for
concrete with value creation opportunities.
[3] The International Journal of Latest Trends in
Engineering and Technology. 2013 Mar;2(2):113–
20.
[4] Agarwal RK. Modern stone waste processing
techniques and their suitability for Indian
condition. Jodhpur.AcompanyreportbyRajasthan
Udyog. 2008.
[5] T. Felixkala, P. Partheeban, ‘Granite powder
concrete’ Indian Journal ofScienceandTechnology
vol.3,No.3(Mar 2010) ISSN: 0974-6846.
[6] Kanmalai Williams C., Partheeban. P, Felixkala. T,
‘Mechanical properties of high performance
concrete incorporating granite powder as fine
aggregate’ International Journal on Design and
Manufacturing Technologies,vol.2,No.1,July2008.
[7] Job T (2005) Utilization of quarry powder as a
substitute for the river sand in concrete.
J.Structural Engg. 401-407.