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Effect of Soil Structure Interaction on Buildings with Mass Irregularity under Seismic Load
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Effect of Soil Structure Interaction on Buildings with Mass Irregularity under Seismic Load
1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 876 Effect of Soil Structure Interaction on Buildings with Mass Irregularity under Seismic Load Mr. Kotkar R.K.1, Prof. Patankar J. P.2 1 Student, Department of Applied Mechanics, WCE, Sangli, Maharashtra, India) 2proffessor Department of Applied Mechanics, WCE, Sangli, Maharashtra, India) ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The main objective of the study is to investigate the significance of effect of soil structure interaction on building with mass irregularity. In the present study the behavior of building with mass irregularity is considered. To address this problem, a Finite Element Method is used to model soil structure interaction analysis of foundation and supported framed structures by SAP 2000 V18 software. An attempt has been made to evaluate the effect of soil structure interaction on building with mass irregularity by considering the systematic parameters like time period, baseshear, lateral displacement, storey drift. Response spectrum analysis has been carried out and the parameters like time period, base shear, roof top displacement and storey drift of the building frames resting over foundation and soil media has been studied. Key Words: soil structure interaction, vertical irregularity, mass irregularity, response spectrum. 1. INTRODUCTION An earthquake cause, failure of structure which starts at points of weakness. Discontinuity in mass, stiffness and geometry of structure cause weaknesses in structure. The structures which having such type of discontinuity are termed as Irregular structures. Building with vertical irregularities are one of the major reasons of failures of structures during earthquakes. Structures with soft storey were the most notable structures which collapsed. Such effect of vertical irregularities in the seismic performance of structures becomes very important. Changesin height-wise stiffness and mass cause the dynamic characteristics of these buildings different from the regular‘ building. IS 1893 definition of Vertically Irregular structures: The irregularity in the building structures may be due to irregular distributions in their mass, strength and stiffness along the height of building. When such buildings are constructed in high seismic zones, the analysis and design becomes more complicated. So the effect of soil structure interaction effect cosideration is most important parameter. 1.1 Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) is phenomena in the response of structures caused by the flexibility of the foundation soils, as well as in the responseofsoils caused by the presence of structures. Analytic and numerical models for dynamic analysis typically ignore SSI effects of the coupled in nature structure foundation-soil system. It has been recognized that SSI effects may have a significant impact especially in cases involving heavier structures rest on soft soil conditions. 1.2 Mass Irregular Building According to IS 1893-2002, mass irregularity shall be considered to exist where the seismic weight of any storey is more than 200 percent of that of its adjacent storeys. The irregularity need not be considered in case of roofs. 2. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY Study of soil structure interaction due to seismic load having vertical irregularity with different types of soils viz. soft, medium and hard, using software consists of 1. Modeling and analysis of regular building and building with mass irregularity withoutandwithconsideringsoil structure interaction with different types of soils. 2. Comparison of above responses ofregularbuildingsand irregular buildings on different types of soils like base shear, time period, top storey displacement and storey drift. 3. PROBLEM FORMULATION For this study, an 11-storey with 5 bays frame (Each bay span 6 m) and floor height 3.0m, regular in plan is considered. This building is considered to be situated in seismic zone ‘iv’ and designed in compliance to the Indian Code of Practice for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures. The buildingismodeledusingsoftwareSAP2000 and analyzed by response spectrum method.. Model is studied for comparing, base shear, time period, top storey displacement and storey drift as follow: following models are considered for this study. 1) Regular building and 2) Three models with mass irregularity having same total seismic weight are considered. Heavy mass considered at bottom, middle and top storey.
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 877 3.2 Models Model 1 Model 2 (Regular Building) (Mass at Bottom Storey) Model 3 storey) Model 3 Model 4 (Mass at Middles Storey) (Mass at Top Storey) Figure 1 regular building and mass irregular buildings 3.2 Common Data for All Models Table 1 Building Data for Problem Table 2 Gravity Loads Assigned to RC Building Gravity Load Value Slab Load (dead load) 3.75 kN/m2 Floor Finish 1 kN/m2 Roof Finish 1.0 kN/m2 Live Load 3.0 kN/m2 Roof Live 1.5 kN/m2 Wall Load 9.6 kN/m Heavy weight for mass irregular building 18 kN/m2 No. of stories 11 Floor to Floor Height 300 mm Beam size 200 mm X 600 mm Column size 700 mm X 700 mm Thickness of slab 150 mm Density of the concrete 25 ken/m3 Soil Type Medium Zone factor (Z) 0.24 Importance factor (I) 1 Response reduction factor (R) 3
3.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 878 Table 3 Foundation Parameters Table 4 Stiffness of Equivalent Soil Spring (KN/m)(ref. FEMA 356) Foundation size:- Length of footing L=4.5 m Width of footing B=4.5 m Depth of footing d =0.9 m depth of foundation from ground level D=4m 4. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Response Spectrum Analysis is carried out for Bare frame. The models are checked for time period, base shear, and maximum top displacement. Chart 1 Comparison of Time Period for Regular and Mass Irregular Building Chart 2 Comparison of Base Shear for Regular and Mass Irregular Building Chart 3 Comparison of Top Storey Displacement for Regular and Mass Irregular Building Soil type Designation Modulus of elasticity (KN/m2) Poisson’s ratio( ) Hard soil E-65000 65000 0.3 Medium soil E-35000 35000 0.4 Soft soil E-15000 15000 0.4 Soil type E-65000 E-35000 E-15000 Translation along x-axis(Kx) 536972.88 285266.84 122257.22 Translation along y-axis(Ky) 536972.88 285266.84 122257.22 Translation along z-axis(Kz) 334731.70 195260.16 83682.93 Rocking about x- axis(Kox) 626095.10 365222.14 156523.77 Rocking about y- axis(Koy) 716522.96 417971.73 179130.74 Torsion about z- axis(Koz) 971272 485636 208129.71
4.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 879 Chart 4 Comparison of Storey Drift for Regular and Mass Irregular Building for Fixed Condition Chart 5 Comparison of Storey Drift for Regular and Mass Irregular Building for Hard Soil Condition Chart 6 Comparison of Storey Drift for Regular and Mass Irregular Building for Medium Soil Condition Chart 7 Comparison of Storey Drift for Regular and Mass Irregular Building for Medium Soil Condition 1. From chart 1, found that natural period of structure increases when mass vary from bottom storey to top storey. It is critical for mass is at top floor. Rate is higher for soft soil. it is 29.62% w.r.t regular building fixed support condition for mass at top storey. 2. From chart 2 ,it is found that increase in soil flexibility causes decrease in base shear in both directions as mass changes from bottom storey to top storey. For soft soil base shear decreases with higher rate. Base shear decreases up to 22.14% w. r. t. regular building with fixed support condition for mass at top storey. 3. From chart 4 found that, roof displacement is also observed to be increases when mass vary from bottom storey to top storey. For soft soil roof displacement is higher than fixedsupportcondition.It increases up to 54.68% w. r. t. regular building with fixed support condition for mass at top storey. 4. From chart 4 to 7 found that storey drift is maximum for mass is at middle storey. It is increases from fixed support condition to soft soil condition. 5. CONCLUSION 1. For building with mass irregularity, base shear decreases when mass move from bottom storey to top storey also from fixed support condition to soft soil condition. 2. For building mass irregularity natural period,topstorey displacement and storey drift of building increases when mass vary from bottom storey to top storey also from fixed support condition to soft soil condition.
5.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 880 REFERENCES [1] Sekhar Chandra Dutta, Koushik Bhattacharya and Rana Roy (2004), “Response of low-rise buildings under seismic ground excitation incorporating soil–structure interaction” Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 24, pp 893–914. [2] Jinu Mary Mathew, Cinitha A, Umesha P K, NageshRIyer and Eapen Sakaria (2014), “Seismic response of RC building by considering soil structure interaction” International Journal of Structural & Civil Engineering, Res. ISSN 2319 – 6009 Vol. 3, pp 160-172 [3] S. A. Halkude, Mr. M. G. Kalyanshetti, Mr. S. H. Kalyani (2014), “Soil Structure Interaction Effect on Seismic Response of R.C. Frames with Isolated Footing”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, Vol. 3 Issue 1, pp 2767-2775 [4] Shehata E. Abdel Raheem, Mohamed M. Ahmed and Tarek M. A. Alazrak (2015), “Evaluation of soil– foundation–structure interaction effects on seismic response demands of multi-story MRF buildings on raft foundations”, Advance Structural Engineering., pp 11- 30 [5] Cinitha.A, Umesha P. K and Nagesh R. Iyer (2015), “Soil structure interaction analysis for seismic responseofan asymmetric RC building”, International Conference on Computer Modeling and Simulation., pp 1-6
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