The classification of living things

1. THE CLASSIFICATION OF
LIVING THINGS

2. The classification of animals
◦ Animals are multicelular and we have two types. Vertebrates (with SPINAL COLUMN) and
invertebrates (without spinal column).
InvertebratesVertebrates
1. MAMMALS
2. REPTILES
3. FISH
4. BIRDS
5. AMPHIBIANS
1. MOLLUSC
2. COELENTERATES
3. PORIFERA
4. ECHINODERMS
5. ARTHROPODS
6. ANNELIDS

3. LET’S SEE A VIDEO!!

4. VERTEBRATES:
MAMMALS
◦ They have lungs to breathe.
◦ Usually they have four legs but
sometimes they walk on two legs.
◦ Their SKIN is covered with hair called FUR.
◦ Aquatic mammals have FINS for
swimming.
◦ They have a TAIL.
◦ Almost mammals are VIVIPAROUS.

5. VERTEBRATES:
REPTILES
◦ In their bodies they have SCALES to
protect their bodies but some of them
have a hard SHELL.
◦ Respiration through lungs.
◦ Four legs except snakes that don’t have
legs.
◦ They are OVIPAROUS, this means they are
born from eggs.

6. LET’S WORK!
EXERCISE 1. Make two columns (MAMMALS, REPTILES) and put these characteristics in
them.
FUR OVIPAROUS FOUR LEGS A TAIL LUNGS SCALES SHELL VIVIPAROUS
MAMMALS REPTILES

7. VERTEBRATES:
FISH
◦ Body covered by scales.
◦ Respiration through GILLS that get
OXYGEN from water.
◦ They use their fins and tails to swim
through the water.
◦ They are oviparous.

8. VERTEBRATES:
BIRDS
◦ They are oviparous.
◦ Respiration through lungs.
◦ They have two wings and two legs. Their
body is AREODYNAMIC, that means the
bones have a lot of space to make them
easier to fly.
◦ They are oviparous.

9. VERTEBRATES:
AMPHIBIANS
◦ They have four legs.
◦ They are oviparous.
◦ The respiration when
they are young is
through gills in wáter
but when they are
adults they take oxygen
through lungs.
◦ Their skin is thin and
SMOOTH.

10. LET’S WORK TOGETHER!
◦In groups, each classmate draw ONE animal from
each vertebrate group and write down the main
characteristics. Then make a poster and explain your
poster.

11. LET’S SEE
ANOTHER VIDEO

12. INVERTEBRATES
They are animals that do not have SPINAL CORD.
1.MOLLUSC
2.COELENTERATES
3.PORIFERA
4.ECHINODERMS
5.ARTHROPODS
6.ANNELIDS

13. INVERTEBRATES:
MOLLUSCS
COELENTERATES
◦ Molluscs: they have soft bodies
and a hard Shell. They breathe
through gills and reproduce by
eggs. Examples: MUSSELS,
SNAILS, OYSTERS.
◦ Coelenterates: they have a soft
body and some with long
TENTACLES. They absorb oxygen
through their skin. They
reproduce by growing a BUD.
Examples JELLYFISH

14. INVERTEBRATES:
PORIFERA
ECHINODERMS
◦ Porifera: they have holes called
PORES to absorb oxygen and
nutrients through them. They
reproduce by forming buds.
Example: SPONGES.
◦ Echinoderms: theis bodies are
covered with Sharp SPIKES and
some have TENTACLES. They
use gills to breathe and some
breathe through their skin.
Example: STARFISH.

15. INVERTEBRATES:
Arthropods -
Annelids
◦ Arthropods: they have an
EXOSKELETON that can BEND. They
are oviparous and some of then
breathe through lungs and other
through gills. Example, crabs and
lobsters.
◦ Annelids: they have a long soft body
divided in SEGMENTS. They absorb
oxygen through their skin. They can
reproduce by BUDDING but some
are oviparous. Example, worms.

16. Let’s work!
Exercise 2. Write on your notebook what kind of invertebrate and the main
characteristis of these animals.
A B C
Example: Picture A is …… and its characteristics are….

17. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS: SEED
PLANTS
Reproduce by creating seeds. According to this we have two types of seed plants.
Flower plants
They are called FLOWERING PLANTS because they
grow flowers. Fruits grow from flowers and the sedes
grow inside. Example, apple tree, orange tree.
Conifers
They produce CONES, where the seeds
grows. Example, pine tree

18. THE CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS: Non-
seed plants
◦ They are plants that produce cells called SPORES. They fall to the grounds and they grow into
plants. There are two types:
Ferns
Their leaves are called fronds.
They have roots to absorb
nutrients from the soil.
Mosses
Don’t have roots. They use their
RHIZOIDS, stem and leaves to
absorb water and nutrients

19. LET’S WORK!
EXERCISE 3. Copy these sentences and say if they are TRUE or FALSE. Then correct the false
sentences.
1. Flowering plants don’t have fruits.
2. Trees that have cones are called flowering plants.
3. We have two types of plants: seed plants and non-seed plants.
4. Ferns obtain wáter and nutrients through seeds.
5. Mosses don’t produce special cells called spores.

20. LET’S INVESTIGATE!
◦Find a tree in your Street and take
a picture or draw it.
◦Put it in your notebook and write
its name and characteristics.
◦Then, explain it in class.

21. FINAL TASK!
◦ In groups you are going to prepare seven questions about what we
have seen in this unit.
◦ Discuss in groups and write the questions and answers.
◦ Questions MUST BE in English and answers in Spanish.
◦ After finishing all groups, the teacher will select 15 questions. You will
have to study them and get ready for an exam.

22. GOOD LUCK!