2. Broad Classifications of living things
Living Things
Plants
Flowering
plants
Non Flowering
Plants
Animals
Vertebrates
Invertebrates
Fungi and
Bacteria
3. Vertebrates
Animals with backbones
They are big in size
They have well developed
skeleton
Example birds, human beings,
Reptiles etc
4. Invertebrates
They do not have back bone
They are small in size and slow moving
98 % of the species are vertebrates
Example insects, flatworms etc
5.
6.
7. Mammals
Mammals have outer covering on their body called as fur or hair
Mammals give birth to young ones
Mammals produce milk by mammary glands
Some Mammals live both on land and sea
Some mammals live in water alone
Mammals have sweat glands
Single time Tooth Replacement
Examples Human beings, monkeys, Elephant, Whale
9. Birds
They have feathers
They have a pair wings
They have beaks
They lay eggs with shells and hatch to reproduce. The shells protect the egg
They have skeleton
Example parrot, penguin, ostrich, eagle etc
11. Fishes
Fishes are aquatic vertebrates
They breath through their gills
They swim with their fins
They are coldblooded animals
Small fish eat algae and large fish eat small fish
They have scales to protect their bodies
Most fish lay eggs and some give birth to young ones such as guppies, mollies and
some sharks
12.
13. Reptiles
Their bodies are covered with scales. The skin is tough and dry
They are cold blooded animals
When they get too cold they warm up under the sun
Reptiles are born on land. Their eggs are protected by tough and leathery shells.
Examples . Snakes, alligators, crocodiles, tortoise, lizard
14.
15. Amphibians
The word amphibian means two lives- they live both on land and water
Amphibians are cold blooded
All amphibians begin their life in water with gills and tails and later they develop
lungs and tails
There are 3 types of amphibians – frogs, salamanders and caecilians
Most amphibians have thin moist skin that helps them to breathe and some have
gills
They have no scales
Adult amphibians are carnivores
They lay eggs in water and they do not have a protective water proof shell
18. Insects
Insects have 3 main parts- head, thorax and abdomen
The head contains a pair of feelers called as antenna and mouthparts
Legs and wings are attached to thorax
Some insects have wings
They have a hard out body covering that protect their body
Insects lay eggs
19.
20. Other Categories
Apart from the major six groups there are another type called as arachnids
Spider and scorpions belong to this group
Another group is called as molluscs
Snails and Squids are example of this group.
21. Plants
Flowering and Non- Flowering plants
Plants that grow on land and plants that grow on water
22. Fungi
Mushrooms are not plants and animals neither they come under fungi
They do not have chlorophyll and they cannot move like animals in search of food.
They feed on plants and animals dead or alive
They break their food into simpler substances and absorb. This process is called as
decay or decompose.
All fungi reproduce through spores. Spores are small and light that can be carried
by wind easily anywhere. The spores land on places with enough air, water and
warmth and the develop new fungi.
Some fungi are poisonous.
Some are used as food and medicine
Other examples for fungi are bracket fungus, yeast and mould.
23.
24. Bacteria
Bacteria is another group of living things as fungi
They are found everywhere in sand, sea, inside our body, on our skin
They reproduce dividing themselves, multiplying quickly
They are so small that they can be seen only trough microscope
There are 3 types of bacteria- spiral, spherical and rod shaped
Some bacteria are used as food and medicine
Some cause food spoilage and diseases
They also act as decomposers.
The decomposed substances become nutrients for plants in soil.