List and discuss the main features GNSS Machine Guidance System? List and explain the four main operations that take place in the compilation of land ownership records. Discuss the GNSS data capture process giving an example of civil engineering infrastructure project. Solution a. features of GNSS Machine Guidance system: GNSS (Global Navigation Satelit Systems ) has various features such as positioning , locating, GPS, sending signlas to the recievers. b. Some of the major GNSS operations in land compilaion are given below: Planning & organisation: the need for using GNSS based equipment in the project is to be analysed. The location and position of the equipment should be decided. Procedure development: The process of work to be done by the gnss controlled equipment should be developed inorder to decide the path movement of the vehicle. Air traffic Management: There should not be any problem in recieving the signals by th equipment from the satellite. Real Time Kinematic Position: The antennas insatlled to the steering wheel of the equipment should be checked from time to time inorder to ensured the correct position and movement of equipment. Transition Planing: The signals that are recieved from the satellite should be decoded by the equipment by using an appropriate software for its operation. c. Data Capture Process: GNSS syatem consists of antennas and recievers at fixed spacing to calculate the vehicle position, velocity and real time kinematic position. The roll angle employs correction of the lateral motion that caused positional errors resulted from the motion of vehicle. The major process include initializing GNSS, calculating first position of first antenna of GNSS vehicle, calculating heading as a vector perpendicular to vector joining first and second positions, in a horizontal plane alligned with the vehicle. eg: using GNSS based earth moving machines need for manual grade checking is reduced, these equipments are majorly used in dangerous tasks such as snow grooming on steep mountains. .

1. List and discuss the main features GNSS Machine Guidance System? List and explain the four
main operations that take place in the compilation of land ownership records. Discuss the GNSS
data capture process giving an example of civil engineering infrastructure project.
Solution
a. features of GNSS Machine Guidance system:
GNSS (Global Navigation Satelit Systems ) has various features such as positioning , locating,
GPS, sending signlas to the recievers.
b. Some of the major GNSS operations in land compilaion are given below:
Planning & organisation: the need for using GNSS based equipment in the project is to be
analysed. The location and position of the equipment should be decided.
Procedure development: The process of work to be done by the gnss controlled equipment
should be developed inorder to decide the path movement of the vehicle.
Air traffic Management: There should not be any problem in recieving the signals by th
equipment from the satellite.
Real Time Kinematic Position: The antennas insatlled to the steering wheel of the equipment
should be checked from time to time inorder to ensured the correct position and movement of
equipment.
Transition Planing: The signals that are recieved from the satellite should be decoded by the
equipment by using an appropriate software for its operation.
c. Data Capture Process:
GNSS syatem consists of antennas and recievers at fixed spacing to calculate the vehicle
position, velocity and real time kinematic position. The roll angle employs correction of the
lateral motion that caused positional errors resulted from the motion of vehicle. The major
process include initializing GNSS, calculating first position of first antenna of GNSS vehicle,

2. calculating heading as a vector perpendicular to vector joining first and second positions, in a
horizontal plane alligned with the vehicle.
eg: using GNSS based earth moving machines need for manual grade checking is reduced, these
equipments are majorly used in dangerous tasks such as snow grooming on steep mountains.