Nano technology for crop resilience to climate change, this seminar mainly related to crop response to applied nano particles in different environmental stresses like drought ,salt stress,etc,.

3. outline
Introduction
History
Propertiesof nanoparticles
Methodsof production ENPs
Applicationsof nanoparticlesinAgriculture
ResearchPapers
Summary

4. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Sources include: World Bank, United States Census Bureau

5. “Nanotechnology is the art and science of manipulating
matter at the nanoscale ( 1 to 100 nm) to create new and
unique materials and products with enormous potential
to change society.”
(National Nanotechnology Initiative )
It is emerging as the sixth revolutionary technology in the
current era

6. History of NanotechnologyHistory of Nanotechnology
Eric Drexler: Wrote famous book
“Engineer of Creation” (1986)

7. (British Standards Institution, 2005)
Time Line of Nanotechnology

8. • Small size (1-100nm)
• Large surface to volume ratio
• High activity
• Change in the chemical and physical properties with respect to
size and shape
Properties of Nano particles

9. • Nanoparticles are generated
naturally by erosion, fires,
volcanoes and marine wave action.
• Nanoparticles are also produced by
human activities such as coal
combustion, vehicle exhaust and
weathering rubber tires.
o Engineered NPs (ENPs):
• Nanoparticles are intentionally
produced and designed with specific
properties related to their shape,
size, surface properties, and
chemistry.
o Natural nanoparticle
Types of nanoparticles

10. Grinding
C. Biological method

11. Nanomaterial in Agriculture

12. Applications of Nanotechnology in Agriculture
• Crop improvement – For efficient gene transformation,
nanoparticles such as gold nanoparticle-embedded carbon
matrices as a carrier were used successfully for the delivery of
genetic material
• Seed technology - carbon nanotubes.
• Bio-Nano sensors - Monitor soil conditions and crop growth
over vast areas.
• Removal of heavy metals – ligand based nano-particles.
Applications of Nanotechnology in
Agriculture

13. • Degradation of pesticides residues
• Smart packaging with nano silicon to enhance the shelf life of
the food materials.
• Zeolite NP’s can be used for improving the fertilizer use
efficiency.
• Nano particles such as CeO2, ZnO, TiO2 can be used for
improving the crop resilience to climate change.
Contd.,

14. Impacts of Nanoparticles on Drought stress

15. Impacts of Nanoparticles on Salinity stress

17. Objectives of the present study
(i) Evaluate the effect of drought on the vegetative and
reproductive performance and nutrient acquisition in sorghum.
(ii) Assess the role of Zn as ZnO nanoparticles in modulating
sorghum performance, nutrient acquisition and grain fortification
under drought stress.

18. Materials and Methods
• Chemical and soil : The ZnO nanoparticle (18 nm) product
used in this study was purchased from US Research Nano
materials.
triplicate pots per treatment(1,3,5 mg ZnO/kg)
• Plant growth conditions : A greenhouse pot experiment with
sorghum (Sorghum bicolor ) three sorghum seeds were planted
per pot, Which was thinned out to one.
D-Control- 40 per cent field moisture capacity(FMC)
ND-(3mg/kg ZnO) Control- 80 per cent field capacity(FMC)
• Plant analysis
• Data analysis

19. Results and discussion
Fig. (A) Days to development of flag leaf and grain head (GH) in sorghum under
drought stress and ZnO nanoparticle fertilization (3 mg ZnO/kg). Bars on graphs are
means and standard deviations. Different letters on bars indicate significant differences
among treatments, separately for flag leaf and grain head.
(B): Representative sorghum plants at 51 days after planting showing the influence of
drought and ZnO nanoparticle fertilization (3 mg ZnO/kg) on the development of grain
head.

20. Effects of drought and ZnO nanoparticles (1, 3, and 5 mg ZnO/kg) on the
vegetative and reproductive performance of sorghum. D = drought; ND = non-
drought.

21. Effects of drought and ZnO nanoparticles (1, 3, and 5 mg ZnO/kg) on
nitrogen acquisition in sorghum plant organs (root, shoot and grain). Different
letters on bars indicate significant differences among treatments, D = drought;
ND = non-drought.

22. Effects of drought and ZnO nanoparticles (1, 3, and 5 mg ZnO/kg) on sorghum
grain concentrations of zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium and sulfur. Different
letters after values indicate significant differences among treatments,. D =
drought; ND = non-drought.

23. • ZnO nanoparticle alleviation of drought effects by
improving plant phenological development was
evaluated.
• ZnO nanoparticle improved nitrogen acquisation
by sorghum under drought stress.
Conclusion

25. The main objectives of this study
(1) To investigate CeO2-NPs at different concentrations (0, 200
and 1000 mg kg-1 dry sand and clay mixture) could affect the
physiological and biochemical processes in canola.
(2) To determine the synergistic presence of CeO2-NPs and NaCl
(100 mM) could alleviate the plant oxidative stress induced
by NaCl.

26. Materials and methods
1. CeO2-NPs most CeO2-NPs fell in the size range of 20 to110
nm, with an average size of 55.6 nm.
2. Plant species and growth conditions Brassica napus (canola)
cv. ‘Dwarf Essex’ seeds were purchased, ten plants for each
treatment (0,200,1000 mg/kg) was grown, in this after ten days
five plants of each treatment are treated with 100mM NaCl.
3. Chlorophyll analysis.
4. Proline determination.
5. Mineral contents analysis.

27. The total chlorophyll was slightly increased by application of 1000mg/kg CeO2
NPs under salt stress. Chlorophyll-a was increased by 27% and 10% respectively
in salt stressed plants exposed to 1000 mg/kg CeO2 NPs and 200 mg/kg CeO2
NPs compared with control plot treated with NaCl.
Chlorophyll-b was unaffected except treatments under 200mg/kg CeO2 NPs in
salt free .
Result and discussion

28. Proline content in Brassica napus plants exposed to CeO2-NPs at 200 and
1000 mg kg-1 dry mixture and 100 mM NaCl.

29. Mineral contents in Brassica napus plants exposed to CeO2-NPs at 200 and 1000
mg kg-1 dry mixture and 100 mM NaCl. A: Nitrogen (%). B and C: Potassium and
Calcium (ppm).D: Phosphorus(ppm), E: Sodium (log10).and F: Magnesium
(ppm).

30. Fresh(A,C,E)and dry (B,D,F) weight of Brassica napus growing in the
presence of 200 and 1000 mg/kg dry mixture of CeO2-NPs and 100mM NaCl .
A and B: Total biomass, C and D: Leaf biomass, E and F: Root biomass

31. Conclusion
• This study report that synergistic salt stress and CeO2-NPs
effects on the physiological regulations in Brassica napus.
• The findings suggest that positive role of CeO2-NPs in
cultivated crops, likely through the enhanced chlorophyll
performance and proline synthesis regulation.
• The study provided insights on the potential applications of
CeO2-NPs for the reduction of salt stress impact in agriculture.

32. • The ecotoxicology of nanomaterials in agroecosystem.
• The sustainability and its biosafety of nanomaterials.
• The development of carrier of nanomaterials .
• Nanosensors – Smart Precision farming.
• Establishment of regulatory body to decide the laws related to
the utilization of maximum acceptable levels of ENMs in the
environment.
Challenges Ahead

33. • Nano structured formulations improve the efficiency of
nutrient uptake ratio their by enhancing crop yield and also
saves resources.
• Nano sized formulations improve the solubility and dispersion
insoluble nutrients in soil, reduces soil absorption and fixation
their by increases the bioavailability.
• Nanoparticles have a breakthrough applications in wide fields
such as engineering, medicine, biotechnology, agriculture, etc.,
• Nanoparticles can help the crop plants to overcome the stress
caused by climate change such as drought, salinity, high
temperature.
Summary