2. Problem-solving skills create
competencies required
to:
CHANGE Work process (s)-
Deficiencies (ANI)
IMPROVE Performance
GENERATE Results/measurable
impacts
Why Problem-Solving?
3. The Statistical Approach to PS
Measurement Measurement
Measurement
Results
Change
PH Impact
Problem solving
4. Problem-Solving Framework
PI PD PS PFI
Step I Step II Step III Step VI
Problem
Identification
Problem
Development
Problem
Solutions
Implementation
Follow-up
Improvement
5. Problem-Solving Cycle
Step 1: Identify & Prioritize
opportunities for improvement
Step 2: Define problem
Step 3: Identify who will work on
problem
Step 4: Analysis & Study Problem
Step 5: Choose & Design
solution
Step 6: Implement solution
11. Problem-Solving Examples
Poor Problem
Statement
Weakness in
Problem Statement
Improved Problem
Statement
Problem 1:
We do not have a
laboratory
Problem statement
contains only a
cause
While suspected
cases of TB should
have sputum test, at
present only 25
percent of cases are
being tested
Problem 2:
We need more staff
Problem statement
contains a
premature solution
Thirty percent of the
patients arriving at
the clinic are sent
home without
receiving care
Problem 3:
Our problem is
Rashid. He is not a
team player
Problem statement
blames person not
systems
Rashid never trained
in team-building
methods and
techniques
16. Problem-Solving System Model
Input Process Output
Basic input
elements necessary
for performance
(resources, people,
equipment,
materials and и
others)
Direct process of work
performance (clinic,
management,
organization as a
whole. Correlation
between various
elements of system,
processes/sub-processes
Correspondence
to work results
– ST/LT impact
influencing
population (e.g.
> compliance to
performance
indicators/MM
22. Plan
Select and plan
the change
Do
implement
the change
Check
Monitor and
evaluate
the change
Act
review and
stabilize
the change
Problem-Solving PDCA Framework