The centers for Medicare and Medicaid defined
Quality as:
“The right care for the right person every time.”
The Juran Institute defined quality as both:
1. Freedom of deficiencies, and
2. Product features.
6
The Institute of Medicine defines quality as:
"The degree to which health care services for
individuals and populations increase the
probability of desired health outcomes and are
consistent with current professional knowledge of
best practice."
8
The US Government Agency for Healthcare
Research and Quality (AHRQ) defines quality
healthcare as:
“Quality Healthcare is Healthcare that is accessible,
effective, appropriate, safe, efficient,
timely….etc”
9
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Types of indicators
Structure Indicator
• Describes characteristics of the setting that supports and has an impact on
care (examples: availability of approved least restraint devices on a unit,
RN:patient ratio).
Process Indicator
• Measures an activity that is carried out to care for patients
• Focuses on the nature and amount of care nurses provided during the
hospital stay (examples: rate of patients on fall prevention program, nurse
satisfaction).
Outcome Indicator
• Describes the patient's status at the defined time following care
interventions.
• Measures the result of nursing care/process (examples: pressure ulcer
prevalence rate, fall injury rate).
مقياس هو”موثوق“و”صالحية ذو“يستخدم
يقيس وال ،والعاملين المؤسسات أداء لقياس
مباشر بشكل المنتجات جودة
موثوق
صالحية ذو
Indicators are reliable and valid measures used to screen/assess
organizational and practitioner performance issues, but not direct
measures of quality
24
ت للقياس قابلة صفة أو متغير هو المؤشرستخدم
انجاز مدى أو ما معيار تطبيق مدى تحديد في
الجودة أهداف من هدف.
An indicator is a measurable variable (or
characteristic) that can be used to determine
the degree of adherence to a standard or
achievement of quality goals
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but remember, bad data will result in bad
information (GIGO)
Garbage In , Garbage Out
Also, data can be no more accurate than the
instruments and the systems used for
recording them and reporting them
49
هي العملية:تقدي بهدف تتم التي األنشطة مجموعةم
وكف فعاليتها مراقبة تتم ،معينة سلعة أو خدمةاءتها.
“Sequence of interdependent and linked procedures which, at
every stage, consume one or more resources to convert
inputs into outputs.These outputs then serve as input for the
next stage until a known goal or end result is reached.”
“BusinessDictionary.com”
62
بواسطة العمليات تبسيط:
”“Value Chain Analysis
• Define the process
• Draw a flow chart (understand the steps)
• Identify the value of each step
• Suggest the changes and results
• Pilot study
• Implement
67
بواسطة العمليات تحسين:
FOCUS – Plan-Do-Check-Act
Find
Organize
Clarify
Understand
Select
P
D
C
A
• Define the process
• Draw a flow chart (understand the steps)
• Identify the value of each step
• Suggest the changes and results
• Pilot study
• Implement
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