The 2018 Open Session of the EuFMD Standing Technical Committee was held in Borgo Egnazia - Italy, 29-31 October 2018 . The session theme surrounded increasing the supply of effective FMD vaccines. The European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), one of FAO’s oldest Commissions, came into being on the 12th June 1954, with the pledge of the sixth founding member state to the principles of a coordinated and common action against Foot-and-mouth Disease.

1. Melissa McLaws
Joao Afonso
Socheat Sieng
Chris Bartels
ASSESSMENT OF THE RISK OF
INCURSION OF EXOTIC FMD VIRUSES
INTO SOUTHEAST ASIA

2. This presentation
In REFERENCE to this meeting
discuss the consequences for vaccine demand and supply to meet the changing
environment (export, PCP-programmes)
REASON
SEACFMD meeting (2016) concluded it needed to understand and mitigate risks of incursion of exotic
FMD viruses present in other FMD-endemic regions of the world.
RESULT

3. Risk assessment of incursions of
exotic FMD strains into SE Asia
3. Spread/consequence
2. Exposure
1.Release
1. Risk assessment principles
South-East AsiaOutside

4. Qualitative assessment
• Country visits
• Data collection
• Risk-assessment workshop
Bangkok

5. Risk pathways
Import livestock legal
Import livestock informal
Import animal (by-)products legal
Import animal (by-)products informal
Wildlife
Communal grazing
Human movements
Feed/fodder
Vehicle
Genetic materials
2. Risk pathways for Release and Exposure

7. Release through livestock and
animal (by-)products

8. Information on
livestock trade
between SE
Asia and China

9. Price differential between
production and consumption
Myanmar
1.1USD/kgLW sold
2.0USD/kgLW bought
Thailand
2.5USD/kgLW paid for
at Mae Sot (border)
Thailand central
3.1USD/kgLW paid for
by exporter
Lao PDR/China border
3.2USD/kgLW paid for
by Lao/Chines trader
Lao PDR
3.5USD/kgLW paid for
In Vientiane market
China
3.6USD/kgLW paid for
In border area
Vietnam
4.1USD/kgLW paid for
Thai cattle, fattened
and transported to Lao
PDR/Vientiane border
3.4 USD/kgLW paid for
imported
Australian cattle
Australia
1.8USD/kgLW paid for
in Queensland

10. Probability of occurrence

11. Scenarios for consequence

12. Assessment of Veterinary Services –
based on OIE-PVS evaluation

13. Overall consequence assessment

14. Release assessment Exposure assessment
Consequence
assessment
Risk estimation
In short: when a new FMD virus/strain is introduced, there is
a high risk for it to spread because of the limited capacity and
resources to early detect and quickly respond
Probability of
occurrence

15. Vaccine use (2016/2017)
presented by national representatives
at the 23rd SEACFMD Sub-Commission Meeting, 9-10 March 2017, Siem Reap, Cambodia).
Country Cattle/buffalo
population*
Vaccine doses Serotype Coverage Notes
Cambodia 2.9 m cattle
0.5 m buffalo
164,000
Lao PDR 1.9 m buffalo
1.2 m buffalo
190,000
Myanmar 9.7 m cattle
2.4 m buffalo
2016: 300,000
2017: 600,000
2016: O
2017: O and A
STANDZ Australian support, in
hotspots and high risk areas in
central Myanmar
Malaysia 0.8 m cattle
0.1 m buffalo
300,000 65% in
hotspots
Thailand 5.5 m cattle
0.9 m buffalo
? 90% 2x/year in beef, 3x in dairy cattle
Vietnam 5.5 m cattle
2.5 m buffalo
1.5 million
doses
1.9 million
O
O and A
In control zones along border with
Cambodia and Lao PDR
*FAOSTATS year 2016

16. Recommendations
Overarching
regional
Continuous
monitoring of FMD
virus
Coordinate a regional
vaccine stock
Overarching
national
Progressive FMD
control including risk-
based vaccination
Develop contingency
plans
Risk analysis for
livestock products
Understand and
strengthen passive
surveillance
Livestock
regional
Legalize livestock
trade between
countries and China
Monitor livestock
movements
Cost-effective active
surveillance
Livestock
national
Private sector
initiatives to increase
vaccination coverage
CAHWs as focal
persons
Melissa McLaws:

17. Recommendations
Regional vaccine
stock
On the agenda for
the region
PRAGMATIST may be
helpful
• Disintegrate Pool
• Vaccine coverage
and risk-mapping
Legalize livestock
trade between
countries and China
Negotiations between
China and Myanmar
Negotiations between
China and Lao PDR
Requirements for
‘FMD free status’.
Include vaccination
and testing
Private sector
initiatives to
increase vaccination
coverage
From project-based
to market driven
vaccination
Allow private sector
to apply FMD
vaccination
Role of VS is to register
and evaluate quality
vaccine
Community Animal
Health Workers
(VAHWs, VVWs)
Vaccination, sampling
and outbreak
response
Surveillance (early
detection, monthly
reporting)
Accreditation

18. Thank you for your attention