This document summarizes a risk assessment of the spread of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) through cattle movement in Uganda. FMD is endemic in western and central Uganda, which follows the Progressive Control Pathway for FMD. Cattle movements from districts along the Uganda-Tanzania border to urban and agro-pastoral areas were qualitatively assessed using the OIE framework. The likelihood of FMDV release and exposure through these movements was found to be high. The findings will inform Uganda's national FMD control strategic plan through targeted vaccination, improved livestock infrastructure, and strengthened surveillance.

1. 1EuFMD | Open Session special edition | #OS20se
I. Mugezi (1)*, M. Kimaanga (1), A. Namwabira (1), E. Chevanne (2), O.
Nekouei (2) M. McLaws (2) P. Motta (2), T. Dulu (3) & K. Sumption (2)
(1) Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Animal
Industries and Fisheries, Plot 14 -18 Lugard Avenue, Entebbe, Uganda
(2) European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease,
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome,
Italy
(3) State Department of Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock,
Fisheries and Irrigation, Cathedral Road, Nairobi, Kenya
Risk of Foot-and-Mouth Disease spread
through cattle movement in Uganda

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 Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in the Western and central parts of
Uganda
 The country is the following the PCP-FMD and is currently at stage 2
 Due to porous borders and limited movement control,
 Pastoral and trade-related movements play a key role in the spread of FMD in East
Africa
 The districts along the Uganda-Tanzania border have frequent cattle movements,
during the dry seasons
 Cattle from this border mainly move to the urban-peri urban areas
(characterised by semi-intensive systems of rearing) and agro-pastoral production
system areas
Introduction

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 The OIE risk assessment framework was applied to;
 “Qualitatively assess the risk of FMDV spread from the border districts through live
cattle movements”
 Risk pathways were developed to assess the likelihood of entry, exposure
and identify key factors/ husbandry practices that facilitate the introduction and
transmission of FMDV in cattle.
Methodology

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 The likelihood of release of FMDV from the border districts was assessed to be high, via
movements of cattle for grazing, breeding and slaughter purposes.
 The likelihood of exposure of cattle to FMDV was estimated to be high in agro-pastoral
areas and low in semi-intensive, urban-peri urban areas.
Results
Destination districts
Movement from Destination districts

5. 5
 The findings from this assessment will inform the national risk-based strategic
plan for the control of FMD, currently under review
 This will be through;
 Targeted vaccination, construction of infrastructure in livestock markets, farms
and along stock routes, increasing collaboration among veterinary inspectors
and agriculture police, strengthening epidemio-surveillance data collection,
analysis and dissemination.
Outcome

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