The Role Of Women In The Color Purple

The Role Of Women In The Color Purple
Alice Walker wrote 'The Color Purple' in order to capture and highlight the hardship and bitterness
African–American women experienced in the early 1900s. She demonstrates the emotional, physical
and spiritual revolution of an abused black girl into an independent, strong woman. The novel
largely focuses on the role of male domination and its resulting frustrations and black women's
struggle for independence. The protagonist, Celie's, gain of an independent identity, away from her
family, friends, work, and love life, forms the plot of the novel.
Girls from a young age are exposed to the idea that by looking right and dressing right, they can
receive financial support, love and affection from men. Colette Dowling calls this the Cinderella
Complex, a network of largely represented attitudes and fears that keeps women from full use of
their minds and creativity. The Color Purple shows how this myth can be broken and reinforced in a
manner that empowers women both economically and socially. This essay highlights how clothing
in the novel, becomes a symbol of race, gender, strength of character and transformation of the self.
(Lupton)
Clothing as an Expression of the Self
Clothing protects, decorates, describes and gives the first impression of a person. It acts as an
external symbol of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Celie starts making pants to avoid killing Mr.___– "A needle and not a razor in my hand." she says.
(Walker, 125) However, it helps nurture her talent into a countenance of her love for Nettie, Shug,
Jack, Odessa and Squeak and shows her amazing choice to remain true to herself despite her life
conditions. Thus, cloth transcends Western utilitarian biases to become a medium capable of
creative and spiritual powers. Discovering the self becomes a way of discovering the creativity and
presence of God in the self. "He is always making little surprises and springing them on us when us
least expect." (Walker,
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Gender Roles In Post-Civil War
In some cases, women have come together to facilitate cooperation across ethnic divisions, as
gender cuts across social cleavages. Women can use their "gendered identities and social
experiences" where political, ethnic or religious identities are at the root of conflict (Anderlini 2007,
126). Women have formed cross–party caucuses around common issues and interests that
specifically tend to affect women (Anderlini 2007). An example of this is seen in Rwanda in the
formation of the Forum of Women Parliamentarians who "unite as women, irrespective of political
parties" and cogitate "the challenges that surround [them] as women" (140). In order to ensure
gender equality, these women review laws and offer amendments to discriminatory statutes ... Show
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2008). To measure the level of economic development in this study I use GDP growth. This
demonstrates economic development in a state on a year–to–year basis. This variable is referred to
as GDP growth.
Next, I control for several factors that also influence the recurrence of war in a post–conflict society.
First, the duration of previous civil wars affects the probability of winning and the amount of time
actors must fight to achieve victory should they choose to resume fighting. Previous war duration in
years is used to control for this.
I also control for a country's regime type using the Polity 2 measure from the Polity IV dataset.
These data range from –10 to 10, with –10 being the least democratic and 10 being the most
democratic. I use these to create a dichotomous variable, which equals 1 if a country's polity score is
equal to or greater than 6 and 0 otherwise. This is done in an attempt to consider whether or not the
level of democracy is significant to the attainment of gender equality. This variable is referred to as

American Muslim Women Today
The Quran is the text that guides the Islamic society, and is meant to be the everlasting word of God.
Given that the word of the Quran is the word of God, women in Islamic society should be treated as
equal with men. If women were given equal religious matters and independent legal status, then in a
society which revolves around religion, women should have the same rights as men. They should
also be given the freedom to make their own decisions pertaining to most issues. American Muslim
women today are struggling to address the stereotypes and misconceptions that come with the role
of being a woman in Islam. Muslim women occupy a large variety of important positions in
American life: medical doctors, engineers, lawyers, chemists, housewives, broadcast journalists,
professors, clerical workers, business women, schoolteachers. Some are immigrants, from countries
ranging from Saharan Africa to Indonesia, while many others were born in America; some American
Muslim women were raised in Muslim homes, while others ... Show more content on
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The Qur'an and the practice of the Prophet Muhammad seem to recognize the different functions
and mutually supportive roles of men and women, encouraging an equal and balanced social and
family life. In seventh–century Arabia, the Qur'an extended the right of property ownership and
financial independence to women. It prohibited the practice of female infanticide and other abuses,
and significantly modified marriage and divorce practices. While many Americans consider Islam to
be an "oppressive religion" with regard to women, Muslim women often comment on the liberty and
dignity they extract from their faith. Many Muslim women say that true Islam is often compromised
by oppressive practices that have their roots in cultural differences or political expediency; general
ignorance and lack of engagement with the diversity inherited within the tradition contribute to the
continuation of these

As Feminism Has Emerged In Popular Media In Recent Years,
As feminism has emerged in popular media in recent years, another gender movement has similarly
become visible. This movement is called Men's Rights Activism (MRA), also commonly known as
meninism. Feminism and meninism have both been given a strong negative connotation by the
media, often representing them with the image of an outspoken, somewhat radical, advocate. Gender
and Women's Studies classes have shined a light on how this does not fully encompass what
feminism represents. In present day, feminism can be seen as positive and uplifting by many people,
not just women, yet meninism has barely been mentioned other than in an unfavorable manner. Is
MRA really such a negative movement, founded on hate? Analysis of its creation and how ... Show
This ideology has remained the same today, but with a slight modern twist.
As many other areas of study, technology has been very influential in the MRA. Specifically, it is a
way that they have been able to become more visible than ever before. Many more websites and
forums surrounding the topic of Men's Rights have popped up in recent years. One website in
particular, The Men's Activism News Network, is an online forum that aims "to provide pro–male
activists with news and information that will aid them in working toward establishing equal rights
for men and the improvement of men's lives."("The Philosophy") It is important to note that
nowhere in their philosophy do they mention the need to disprove feminist ideas, but in the
frequently asked question section of their website the topic is brought up. When asked about their
view on feminism they stated, "Feminism, if allowed to continue unchallenged, represents a serious
threat to the well–being of men and boys."("The Philosophy") The feeling of victimization is just
one way in which their views align with the original consensus of MRA groups. This is just one
organization's ideas, but other groups have similar beliefs.
Every one of these many groups cannot be looked at thoroughly, however Robert Menzies, a
professor of sociology, studied multitudes of these Men's Rights and antifeminist men's websites. He
noted prominent themes such as "feminism is defamatory,

Gender Wage Gap In America
"When women succeed, America succeeds". "President Obama asked Democratic women to
"choose hope" at a speech Friday before the Democratic National Committee's Women's Leadership
Forum" (Seitz–Wald, Alex). The existence of the gender wage gap in the American workplace is
highly debated in today's society. One side views the gender wage gap as a fallacy that has not
existed in the economy for generations, these people tend to lean towards the conservative side and
believe there are a variety of factors that can explain the evidence many have used to argue the
existence of such a gap. The other acknowledging the irrefutable evidence showing the gap in the
economy to this day, they believe it is a serious problem that continues to negatively impact ... Show
Challengers of the glass ceiling idea argue do, however recognize the obstacles women face in the
corporate world. "According to an article in the Harvard Business Review by Alice H. Eagly and
Linda L. Carli, the answer is no, however, the sum of many obstacles along the way often hold
women back from making it into the C–suite" (Quast, Lisa). Some of these obstacles include
prejudice, resistance to women's leadership, family demands, and leadership style issues. Men see
leadership from women to follow than from men simply because they fall under the stereotypes.
Yes, women do sometimes take time away from work rather than men to take care of children and
families. Those who deny the existence of the glass ceiling believe they lack the time to engage in
career advancement. They see the prejudice, how men are promoted more quickly than women with
equivalent qualifications, even in traditionally female settings such as nursing and education.
Another argument against this idea is within the name itself. They believe it is absurd for being
called "clear". "Supporters of this idea say, glass is clear so those forced under this ceiling would
probably not even notice, at first, they were under such a restriction. But, if they tried to go through
the glass, they would see quickly that the ceiling prohibited any rise to higher levels. This analogy is
their only defense

Adverse Effect Of Women 's Independence
Olivia Cook
Mrs. Cooley
English 1102
21 April 2015
The Adverse Effect of Women's Independence During the 1800's, women were considered the center
of the household and were confined to the traditional roles of housewife and mother. However, as
time progressed women began to enter the work force, seek higher education, and demand
independence. Today, there are many who would argue on both sides of this issue. There are those
who strongly believe that families can flourish within a home where the mother works. On the other
hand, there are women who cherish their God–given role as nurturer of a future generation.
Although women are never going to return to the lifestyles of the 1800's, there is evidence that this
independence has had an adverse effect on the family, society, as well as the women themselves.
Family and marriage has changed drastically since that of the 1800's and the changing role of
women has raised much concern on the survival of the family. During the 1800's, family was
considered the top priority among women as well as in society. Women were held to the utmost and
highest standards and were obligated to their duties as housewife and mother which were regarded
as a woman's most significant profession. Women were responsible for raising and nurturing the
children while the men were responsible for being breadwinners (one who earns money to support a
family), leaders, and providers. During this time period, marriage was considered sacred and, due

Research Outline, Annotated Bibliography, and Sample...
Research Question and Justification
On average, women make up about 7 percent of the total federal and state incarcerated population in
the United States. This has increased since the 1980s due to stricter and more severe laws that focus
on recreational drug use, a lack of community programs, and fewer treatment centers available for
outpatients (Zaitow and Thomas, eds., 2003). According to the National Women's Law Centers,
women prisoners report a higher than statistically normal history of domestic violence in their
immediate past, and the fastest growing prison population with a disproportionate number of non–
Whites forming over 60 percent of the population. In fact, over 30 percent of women in prison are
serving sentences for murder involving a spouse or partner. The incarceration of women presents far
different cultural and sociological issues than those of men issues with children, family, sexual
politics and more (NWLC, 2012).
The rapid increase of female prisoners in a male–dominated system has left fewer adequate
resources available for women. In addition, most research shows that women's prison experiences
differ drastically from those of men because their relationships inside and outside prison tend to
shape the culture then enter into in prison. Women tend to form differing structures than men,
finding roles similar to that which they would undertake outside prison. In addition, over 60 percent
of women in prison were the primary guardians for their children,

Ellen Goodman Columnist Essay
Ellen Goodman, a Pulitzer prize winning columnist, author, speaker, and commentator who refuses
to call herself a pundit. Ellen has long been a chronicler of social change in America, especially the
women's movement and effects on our public, private lives, and has spent most of her life
chronicling social change and its impact on American life. As a Pulitzer Prize winning columnist she
was one of the first women to open up the pages to women's voices and became, according to Media
Watch, the most widely syndicated progressive columnist in the country. Proof of her strong passion
for impacts on an average American life, her column titled "Dispensing Morality" shows just that. In
her column, she expresses how those in professions and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Her passionate columns of justifying the unjust in America truly exemplifies her love for this nation
and how much she wants to make it an ideal land for not only its citizens but for those seeking
liberty and freedom. Through her use of pathos, ethos, and logos she desires to please everyone's
emotions, value, and intellectual mind–sets, thus spreading her drive and motivation toward others.
Her goal for composing such column makes her an astounding writer – not for money, not for fame,
not for glory, but to touch reader's hearts for

Women's Academic Leadership Developing Countries
Women in Academic Leadership in Developing Countries
This world has seen many great women leaders in politics, business and society, the likes of Angela
Merkel of Germany, Benazir Bhutto of Pakistan, Sonia Gandhi of India, to Wangari Maathai of
Kenya to name just a few (Lewis 2015). The leadership of these women in their respective fields is
seen as an integral part of the universal goals of equality, development and peace of our world and
societies. Global policies and programs developed through the Beijing Declaration and Platform for
Action 1995, and the Millennium Summit 2000 have committed to eliminate gender inequality and
discrimination against women so as to promote more women like them into leadership roles. This is
vital because it is only when women become part of the decision making process they can further
their interests, develop their capabilities and have the freedom of choice to improve their conditions
(Mohamed 3). This empowerment of women according to the World Economic forum is the solution
to the many world issues we have today.
From unprecedented population ageing to increasing unemployment, from global leadership
imbalances to persisting conflicts, from resource scarcity to volatile global food supplies, the world
faces a series of interconnected challenges. The Global Agenda Council on Women's Empowerment
aims to highlight how women's empowerment is a part of the solutions to these challenges. (World
Economic Forum 3)
But does the international

The Hero : A Hero For All Women.emmeline Pankhurst
Does the world we live in have heroes? In the society that we give in, the hero becomes a hero by
attaining in what they believe in for the surpass of others. A hero is always been looked at a
prospective of a paragon. A hero becomes known by many because of what they did and their heroic
qualities. Emmeline Pankhurst is a hero for all women.Emmeline Pankhurst was the voice for
women fighting for women 's suffrage in the 1900s. Not only did she fight for the right for women
to vote but for women 's equality in general. Growing up in a male dominated society, Emmeline
Pankhurst thought and considered her surroundings and immediately recognized flaws in the society
that she was living in. It was quite clear at that time that most men ... Show more content on
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This led to The National Women 's Trade Union League (WTUL) is established to advocate for
improved wages and working conditions for women with Emmeline Pankhurst.
Emmeline Pankhurst took a stand in history by leading the Women 's Social and Political
Union,Pankhurst would encourage WSPU members to rein in their demonstrations when it seemed
possible that a bill on women's suffrage might move forward.Emmeline Pankhurst impact on history
was started the Women's Social and Political Union. She was an activist and leader of the British
suffragette movement. "The contributions of women during wartime helped convince the British
government to grant them limited voting rights for those who met a property requirement and were
30 years of age.which wanted to enfranchise all women, married and unmarried alike at the time,
some groups only so Pankhurst encouraged women to join the war effort and fill factory jobs so that
men could fight on the front.In 1889, Pankhurst became an early supporter of the Women 's
Franchise Leagueught the vote for single women and widows"(Kettler). This was the bigging of
Emmiline.After this she did so much to change the uk perspective of womens rights.
Pankhurst husband encouraged Pankhurst in these endeavors until his death in 1898.Emmeline
Pankhurst founded the Women's Social and Political Union, whose members known as

The Importance Of Fostering Independence In The Small Child
I answered a question once on a forum where someone asked about fostering independence in their
small child. I told some variation of the following story (probably with less colorful descriptions):
When my oldest son was about 17 months old, he decided to start putting his dishes in the sink after
he finished eating, just like his mom did. "Mom" –– that would be me.
Well, my father essentially did nothing he deemed "women's work" and my husband was also
terrible about not picking up after himself. So since my small child was male and lots of males in the
immediate family behaved an awful lot like cavemen, I in no way wished to discourage this
behavior. I was concerned that any discouragement would cause him to conclude that males ... Show
The problem is this denies them the chance to exercise their brain. It also teaches them that initiative
is a bad thing, and they should only do as they are told. The result is that many children arrive at the
age of 18 having had precious little opportunity to practice decision–making or exercising their own
initiative.
I had my eye on the long game. This small child's body was changing rapidly. One of the metrics
that was changing most rapidly was his height.
But even after his body changed and he grew taller, he would have the same mind and he would
remember what he had been taught when he was smaller. It is similar to the principle that you
shouldn't let a puppy jump on the couch if you don't want the dog jumping on the couch after they
are full grown. It may be cute when they are a small puppy, but a large dog that weighs 100+ pounds
jumping up on your lap can actually hurt you. It isn't simply that it stops being cute. It becomes
downright dangerous.
Forcing kids to engage in "responsible adult behaviors" like putting away their dishes, but doing it
by making them your little push–button automaton is totally the wrong answer. Get out of their way.
Let them explore and play, decide and do as they see fit.
I am quite fond of the quote "That government is best which governs least." I think it applies equally
to parenting. I mostly interceded enough to stop them from hurting

Critical Race Theory And Feminist Juurisprudence
Feminist jurisprudence is a complicated legal theory that covers an extensive range of issues
affecting women. Feminist jurisprudence rose to prominence in the 1960's while critical theory
flourished in the late 1980's and early 1990's. Both movements provide a comprehensive and
thorough analysis of the relationship that exists between law, women, and people of minority. Both
critical race theory and feminist jurisprudence highlight how the law is the embodiment of the
interests of the most powerful persons in any society (Culver 211). According to feminists, the law
and legal concepts reflect an exclusively male or patriarchal view of the world. Two central themes
are nearly agreed upon by all feminists. The belief that all male dominated institutions should be
rejected and for effective and rapid reform to be introduced to amend existing laws and in the ways
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They believe and argue that since patriarchy is so pervasive and deeply entrenched in our societies
molding our thoughts and attitudes, our assumptions and our basic institutions. Some radical
feminists, such as Adrienne Rich or Mary O'Brien have focused on the special roles of females as
mothers and caregivers, arguing that women must be relieved from having the sole responsibility or
must be in control of them. Others such as Kate Miller highlight the violence that is perpetuated
against women by focusing on domestic abuse, sexual harassment, rape, pornography, and the
objectification of women. Most radical feminists believe that the construction of gender by a
patriarchal society is responsible for the subjugation of women and henceforth should be rejected.
Consequently some advocate for androgeny, which is the encompassment of both female and male
traits as a treatment for the subjugation of women. Overall radical feminists advocate the rejection
of the constructed

Women During The 19th Century
Helen Keller once said, "I fall, I stand still... I trudge on. I gain a little... I get more eager and climb
higher and begin to see the widening horizon. Every struggle is a victory." Keller's ideas embody the
change that occurs in women's roles in American literature. The first writings of 16th century
America contained little reference to women at all. In the early 19th century, women play somewhat
larger roles but remain only in supporting roles until later in the century when a shift takes place and
women now hold leading roles as the heroines of stories. Not only does the character's role change,
but also beginning in the 1800s, a continual shift occurs in the portrayal of women. Initially, women
were portrayed as members of society who served as the man's wife and remained silent influences
to a man's judgment. Eventually, this portrayal progressed to women of thought who desire to rebel
from social norms. As women authors began writing about the suffrage they set internal fires in
women that would cause an uproar and craving for change. Writer and social reformer, Charlotte
Perkins Gilman was born on July 3, 1860, in Hartford, Connecticut. Gilman was a writer and social
activist during the late 1800s and early 1900s. She had a difficult childhood. Her father, Frederick
Beecher Perkins, abandoned the family, leaving Charlotte 's mother to raise two children on her
own. Gilman moved around a lot as a result and her education suffered greatly for it. Gilman's
upbringing

Prong Test Of Title IX
In today's society, people believe women have the same rights as men, especially after the Civil
Rights Act was passed in 1964, which outlawed "discrimination based on race, color, religion, or
national origin" and was amended in 1975 to include the word "sex".("Teaching With Documents:
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission"). The word
"sex" was added at the last moment. America does not promise an equal outcome for everybody, but
America was founded on the idea that everybody should have an equal opportunity to achieve their
dreams. America is the home of freedom, the home of many opportunities, and the home of equality,
but we are not where we should be? Many citizens of America are unaware of the unequal ... Show
Franklin County Community School Corporation." The Indiana school district violated Title IX by
allowing the male basketball team to play on the weekends, and the female basketball team had to
play on the week days, which causes the girls to have a smaller audience, and it made it difficult to
complete their homework ("Female High School Basketball Players Win Title IX Victory").
According to the article Pay Inequity in Athletics, in 2014, female college students made up fifty–
seven percent of the school population, yet they only received forty–three percent of the
participation opportunities, which is 63,241 fewer participation opportunities than the males. Also in
2014, "male athletes still receive 55% of NCAA college athletic scholarship dollars, leaving only
45% allocated to women." (King). Discrimination against females is still happening all over the
country, but only a few realizes it until someone decides to look into it and fight for

Violence Against Women Act (VAWA)
Is the policy workable? In certain respects, the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) is indeed
workable and achieves some of its intended goals. VAWA was originally designed to make
communities and homes safer for women, as well as to protect women's civil rights. According to
Modi, Palmer, and Armstrong (2014), since the implementation of VAWA in 1994, the rate of
domestic violence directed towards women declined by 53% between 1993 and 2008. The overall
estimated number of victims of intimate partner violence in the U.S dropped immensely, from 2.4
million in 1994 to 907,000 in 2010 (Modi, Palmer & Armstrong, 2014). To remain sustainable,
VAWA (2013) continues to provide grant funding for programs that aim to reduce and prevent
domestic violence, sexual assault, and rape. VAWA (2013) also aims to fund culturally and
linguistically relevant services. One of the major provisions of VAWA (2013) includes improved
protections for immigrant victims by strengthening the International Marriage Broker Regulation
Act of 2005 (Civic Impulse, 2015). Unfortunately, as with every policy, VAWA (2013) has several
flaws that must be addressed. For instance, U visas, which give immigrant ... Show more content on
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In 2012, VAWA was not re–authorized because its provisions generated disagreement in congress
(Modi, Palmer & Armstrong, 2014). Several organizations were in opposition of VAWA (2012) and
are against the provisions of VAWA (2013) as well. These organizations include, Independent
Women's Forum, Freedom Works, Concerned Women for America and The Heritage Foundation.
According to Newman (2013), Senator Grassley opposed the goals of VAWA (2013), suggesting that
VAWA is not supposed to expand immigration law or provide provisions for those who arrive to the
U.S unlawfully. This may increase or promote anti–immigration sentiments in the

White Men Have Higher Wages Than Women
Historically, men have had higher wages than women, and white male workers have had the highest
wages of all. Economic studies offer different explanations about why white men are paid more than
other workers. Some portion of the gap is due to differences in education, skills, and other individual
endowments between the groups whose wages are being compared. Many argue that differences in
education and skills also may be the result of discrimination. Men have been know throughout
history that they get paid more than woman in the united states. I think we should make the wage
difference the same because there is no difference from Man and Woman, this essay will explain
why.
First off, Recent surveys show that at least half of women's total

Women In The Enlightenment
Throughout the Age of the Enlightenment women found ways to combine the new intellectual
movements evolving in the public sphere with their appointed place in the domestic private sphere.
For example, women during this period frequently participated in the salon culture. A salon was a
social and intellectual gathering of people who would meet at the house of a well–known or
intellectually inspirational person to discuss the latest cultural trends, ranging from literature,
politics, art and philosophy. Salons were meant to be social gatherings for pleasure and
entertainment as well as sources of intellectual stimulation. Traditionally, the wealthier segments of
society, participated in salons, which typically took place in urban settings. The ... Show more
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As modern times drew closer the classical roles of females would have become obsolete and
inefficient in such a rapidly growing industrial society. Looking at that the Eighteenth – Nineteenth
Centuries purely from an economical view; without the help of women as "visible" members of
society the Industrial Revolution would not have had such a dramatic and sweeping effect on
society. "For thousands of years the achievements of women, if not actively erased from human
history, have been largely ignored. History was written almost exclusively by men about men –
men's wars, men's accomplishments, and men's discoveries" (Ashby and Gore p.15). Becoming
visible was a long and tedious process; women were constantly being knocked down as their male–
counterparts got all

Selling Chinese Babies for Adoption through the Internet
Hello, I am Michael Corsiglia with the New York Times. I have been following a story out of China
where there are reports of a website that is being used to publically sell babies as a type of adoption.
These are unregulated websites that are not affiliated with the Chinese government in any way. This
of course brings up the question of the "one–child" policy in China. Does this policy infringe upon
the basic human rights of civilians of china, especially women? Is the "one–child" to blame for
websites such as these? Is being adopted through a website a better alternative to abortion or
abandonment? To help find the answers to some of these questions I sat down with famous women's
rights activist Susan B. Anthony. Susan B. Anthony joined the women's rights movement in 1852
and she dedicated her entire life to it. Most famously known for proposing the 19th amendment that
gave women the right to vote in the United States. We'll get her take as we dig deeper into this
growing phenomenon.
1) Hi Susan, to begin, tell me about your career as a women's suffragist and women's rights activist
was like, and what were some of the struggles that you had to deal with.
"Hi Michael, first of all thank you for having me. My career as a women's suffragist began in 1852
when I went to my first women's rights convention that was held in Syracuse. I wasn't all too active
in the movement until in 1866 another activist, Elizabeth Stanton, and I founded the American Equal
Rights

Rita Taveer Biography Essay
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Rita Meher, Co–Founder of Tasveer, Awarded "Globalist of the
Year" and "Rising Star" July – 18 – 2015 – United States– Recently Rita Meher, co–founder of
Tasveer, received The Seattle Globalist "Globalist of the Year" and Northwest Asian Weekly
Foundation's "Rising Star" awards this summer. Meher received both awards due to her work with
her local Seattle community, in particular her work with Tasveer. Tasveer is a non–profit arts and
cultural organization, focusing on community engagement through artistic and activist work of
South Asians. Meher's work with Tasveer has not only created a better space in Seattle, but has
battled racial prejudice from around the world. Meher and her other co–founder Farah Nousheen
created Tasveer in March of 2002 after the rise of racial prejudice due to the 9/11 attacks in 2001.
Both Meher and Nousheen believed that it was necessary to create a place where South Asians could
tell stories and displace racial stereotypes in a safe, non–judgmental way. Meher States, "Tasveer's
main focus is on community engagement and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Discussions of race and prejudice, along with tradition and stories, were passed along. Within these
meeting, ideas of how to better the community rose. Meher and Nousheen executed these ideas by
hosting small screenings throughout Seattle. Showing independent films, documentaries, shorts, and
creating community forums. Tasveer's first screening was held at Elliot Bay Book Company on the
occasion of Gay Pride weekend that summer. Tasveer was incorporated as a non–profit organization
in March 2004. It is fully federally recognized 501c3 organization. It means picture in Hindi/Urdu.
Since 2002, Tasveer has conducted over 300 screening and events throughout the Seattle area
including such events as Seattle South Asian Film Festival, Aaina: South Asian Women's
Focus,South Asian International Documentary

Preparing Women for Public Leadership: Programs and...
Preparing Women for Public Leadership: Programs and Strategies
While we know that women are underrepresented in all facets of public leadership – from political
to corporate and local to global – we have a particularly compelling reason to explore this issue in
our immediate regional context. Pennsylvania ranks 44th out of the 50 states (CAWP, 2003) in
women's political participation and serves as an excellent local example of the need to empower
more women and to change the climate in which they attempt to practice leadership. The
Pennsylvania Center for Women, Politics, and Public Policy (PCWPPP) was created in 1998,
through a seed grant, to address this historic under–representation and to provide programs to
increase the level ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Context
A significant body of research has been developed in political science to demonstrate that the
presence of women in political office changes the substance and process of policymaking and
politics. From the state to the national level, women elected officials have expanded the scope of the
policy agenda and brought more diverse perspectives into legislatures (Kathlene, 1999). We also
know that at the state level women legislators work more on women's policy concerns than their
male counterparts and offer programs to support those concerns (Carroll, 2001; Thomas and Welch,
1991; Thomas, 1997; Little, Dunn, and Dean, 2001). Similarly, at the national level, women
legislators broaden the issues under consideration and move women's issues onto the agenda
(Wolbrect, 2000 and 2002). Further, female legislators actually introduce most legislation on
women's issues and co–sponsor more such legislation than their male counterparts (Wolbrect, 2002;
O'Connor2001).
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, then, may not yet have enjoyed the full benefits of women in
elected office. Given the average of 14% female representation in legislature for the last several
sessions, it is perhaps not surprising that the state receives failing or barely passing grades in
indicators of women's status such as political participation, reproductive rights, employment and
earnings, economic autonomy, and health and

Free Speech on College Campuses Essay
Kenzie Winkler
Due: May 16th 2011
WR 122/ Wilde
Final Essay #2
Importance of 'Free Speech'
College is a time when most individuals are experiencing major changes and begin to explore new
perspectives. The transition in becoming more independent, creating new insights and peer influence
are key factors in changing the perspective of an individual. Students are faced with new ideas from
their professors, family and fellow peers. Through that acquired knowledge many students decide
that they either agree or disagree with the perspectives that they are taught. Allowing the right of
'Free Speech' on public college campuses has become an important issue that many public colleges
are starting to address. In college students are capable of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Despite their opinions, free speech was a great way in this situation for students to rally together and
publically inform the rest of campus of their beliefs. In the school newspaper, The Daily Emerald,
CJ Ciaramelle wrote "About 300 students from across the campus community – student unions,
Greek Life, the ASUO, the Survival Center, the Women's Center – showed up at the meeting to
protest the Forum" (1). Although the majority of people protested against the forum the right to free
speech, it is important because it allows students to make decisions on their own and invite students
to do the same.
"Free speech" often has negative connotations because the negative outcomes are publicized more
than the positive outcomes. 'Free Speech' is a time for individuals to express their beliefs and topic
on an important issue. People chose to present themselves in a vast majority of ways such as,
holding signs, making t–shirts, shouting, etc. People who chose to present themselves in disrupting
ways such as, foul language, inappropriate attire are more likely to be noticed than another student
that is holding a simple and respectful sign. Schmidt states, "Universities cannot censor or suppress
speech, no matter how obnoxious in content, without violating their justification of existence" (2).
There is no definition of what type of 'free speech' should be censored and not allowed. With that
said, there should not be a limit on 'free speech'

The Role Of A Woman Essay
In traditional society, the role of a woman is limited to her private sphere which is known to be the
household. Of course, throughout time we have seen the rapid growth of awareness for women's
rights, often resulting in protests and law changes. However, despite the new mindset, we are unable
to escape the patriarchal system that runs society to this very day. As a practice that is embedded
into our everyday growth, we often do not question its intentions. Our behaviours and attitudes
towards one another are taught through what is already set in place. For example, there is the notion
of women not being able to join men's workplaces as they are not considered strong enough.
Alongside this we also have the idea that being a girl is frowned upon as boys are told not to act
'girly' as they will not be taken seriously. However, both examples chosen challenge yet also align
with the gender boundaries. In Reply 1994 (Shin Won–ho, 2013) and It's Okay, That's Love (Kim
Kyu–tae, 2014) we are introduced to gender roles in the South Korean society through two different
time periods. Of course, the mindset of society changes, but it is also important to note that the
character's surroundings and environments all influence how they behave in each episode. As proven
through the two examples, gender roles are being challenged through new information that can be
left for the audience to interpret. This paper will examine the portrayal of typical gender roles in
both dramas as they are

Violence Against Women By Nancy Mandell And The Fame Of...
In the essays 'Violence against women' by Nancy Mandell and 'The fame of whose lives? Gender,
race and entitlement in Canada's National game' by Mary Louise Adams, the authors discuss
patriarchy; a term used to describe the society in which we live today, characterised by
current/historic unequal power relations between women and men where women are systematically
disadvantaged. (London Feminist Network , 2015) This takes place across almost every sphere of
life but is particularly noticeable in women's under–representation in key institutions, in decision–
making positions and sports. Male violence against women is also a key feature of patriarchy. Girls
are being socialised into a male controlled society. Mandell's article concentrates on ... Show more
(Adams, 2006)
Every day we see images of male violence against women in the news, on TV shows, in the movies,
in advertising, sports and in our homes and workplaces. I am a woman and am passionate about my
sports. I believe in gender equality and chose these readings in order to have a voice and make a
statement in unison of creating change.
Comprehension of the texts
Mandell argues that regardless of class, race, age, sexual orientation, woman are subject to male
violence. Nothing can protect women in a patriarchal society. Violence against women ranges from
verbal and physical abuse to sexual abuse, rape, pornography, battering and rape. (Mandell, Fifth
Edition) Violence against woman is common and persistent. Thirty years ago, most forms of
violence against women were hidden under a cloak of silence or acceptance. SOURCE Although,
years later, it became apparent that violence against woman occurs on a massive scale; that no
woman is immune. She emphasises that women are targets to be victimized. Men are socialised to
objectify woman, legitimate aggression, and blame woman for their own victimization. 'Where
woman dominate, men have to resort to greater use of force to remain dominant'. (Mandell, Fifth
Edition) They set the glass just high enough, so women cannot reach to break it, keeping the male in
the dominate position.
Adam's begins the essay by stating that

Women In The 1830s-1930's
The new republic of the 1830s–1850s was a society that devalued the role of women. By comparing
men and women against each other, giving men a superior status, making their differences more
evident, and allowing men to demand more rights, to think and do freely, this society has been
created to view women as less than. Women are viewed as the weaker vessel and property to their
father, or husband that need to be protected and should be wifely, child bearing, motherly and
dedicated to their homes instead of viewing women as their own beings. As time progressed, the
roles of men and women were more defined by what usefulness they had and what society found
appropriate. Women were not allowed to obtain education, travel, or go out in public ... Show more
When manufacturing plants started booming, they found business. Women became valuable factory
workers because of their ability to complete complex tasks in the work place. Also, having
willingness to labor for an inexpensive pay rate because they were in need boosted their chances of
employment. In fact, employers needed them and were happy at the fact that they weren 't too costly
to hire. In the document, Morals of Manufactures (1837), it states, "Many of the girls are in the
factories because they have too much pride for domestic service."(Chapter 9 Page 223) As stated
before, women were looked over as far being capable of anything else other than a house wife and
or mother. Some women worked for pay, as well as to prove that they were more than what society
labeled them. This allowed women to make their own money and not be forced to completely live
off their husbands. Also, this gave women a freedom and sensibility to become more independent.
Women began to fight. Realizing that they deserved to be treated better, they stood up for
themselves, demanding more rights. In 1840 The Anti–slavery Convention in London displayed a
great example of the inferiority of women. This was one of the many triggers that angered American
women. The Women 's Rights Movement document on page 281 says, "...perceptions of women 's
"proper place" began to shift, however haltingly." Seat restrictions at the convention

Canada Goose Case Analysis Essay
Current situation
Canada Goose has experienced steady organic growth as a niche brand, selling their product through
independently owned stores. By June 2008 it was selling product in 28 different countries across
North America and Europe plus two authorized online retailers. Now it has a significant opportunity
to further cement itself as a market leader by placing its product with a national chain. Initially,
Canada Goose considered offers from two national chain retailers. One offer came from a Canadian
chain called Asmuns Place. Another offer came from Levene's Menswear. Table 1 provides a high
level overview and compares these two offers.
Table 1. Brief offer comparisons.
|StoreFeature |Est. |locations ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Firstly, the Canada Goose brand faces a threat from the increased number of fake products by
counterfeiters. Secondly, there is a rising concern from independent stores that national chain stores
would discount Canada Goose products causing their sales to drop. And thirdly, Lisa Freedman from
Asmuns Place made a last minute offer for exclusive distribution of Canada Goose female and
menswear through their store chain. This offer restricts Canada Goose's flexibility in terms of
choosing a distribution partner, but simplifies the distribution process.
Recommendations
Pursue both initial opportunities with the women's closing product line for Asmuns Place and with
the men's product line for Levene's Menswear. This will result in an increase in the market share in
Canada by 10%. It will provide the ability to bring newer products to market, and not restrict the
distribution of products to a single national chain store. Canada Goose should define the conditions
under which Asmuns Place or any other retail chain will feature its products in store advertisements.
It also needs to assure its original distribution partners that they will be able to maintain their
existing brand prestige and pricing throughout all their stores in Canada.
Canada Goose should expand their distribution of its product to Eastern Europe starting with Russia
since it is a country with severe winter conditions. This will assure Canada Goose growth without
the risk of saturating the

Cedaw Women's Rights
Although many places in the world have made many advancements in granting women rights
equivalent to those of men, there are still far too many places that refuse to recognize that women's
rights is still an issue, and an important one at that. Many developing countries in the world have
caused outrage in the population of women as a whole and rifts in society and its social order.
Worldwide, people are done with the fact that women are still not treated as equals. Although
advancements have been made for the population of women globally in places like the US, Canada,
and many parts of Europe; many developing countries throughout the world have refrained from
allowing women equal opportunity politically, economically, and culturally. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In the U.S. women make up almost half of the work force and 40% of women are the bread winner
of the family; yet, they still make 79 cents to every mans dollar. This is a gender wage gap of 21%
and occurs in virtually every single occupation that offers a sufficient amount of earnings for the
year. According to the World Economic Forum there is no country in the world where a women
earns equally as much as a man and it will take over 50 years for that to even progress. Women in
the work force in Italy and Israel don't even make half as much as men do; however, one of the
poorest countries in the world, Burundi, is the closest in women's earnings equality to men sitting at
84%. Algeria, Iran, and Syria have the least amount of women in the workforce with only 20% of
females who work outside of the home

The Positive Impacts of Events During the 18th Century
In the 18th century a lot happen but major socialist movements such as equal rights for African
Americans, women's rights and emancipation, focus on the environment and focus of new culture all
began to create positive impact's for social America at the time. Underdeveloped societies lack
modern technology needed to advance further in the future. For example where would we be today
without a computer to use everyday, probably still handwriting in cursive our papers and notes for
school and work. In addition the social barrier it broke, imagine if we had no social networks or
information forums, or even internet to use, that could have set back our society for years. When
Great Britain, United States, Germany, and France viewed Asia and Africa as a source of raw
materials they took advantage of that so that they could keep there new western industrial society
fueled. What they didn't realize was that by exploiting these resources it would collapse the local
culture that was there before mass manufacturing. One major influence from the West that
contributed to the threat and fall of Qing china was when the first ships arrived on Chinas coast they
brought new ideas of revolutionary change and different values. The second major influence to the
decline was there increase of population without land to support more agriculture. The third major
influence was The Opium war which devastated China.
The treaty of Versailles was a success to the allies because of the

Women 's Rights : Human Rights
Bianca Martinez
June 6, 2017
Research Paper
Professor Blajovec
Woman's rights are Human rights
No country in the world has achieved complete gender equality just yet. Though some places are
further along than others, some are still so far from the finish line that it's not even in sight. For
years, women around the world have been fighting for a stronger voice, and to be respected just as
much as the man standing next to them. Despite increased awareness and mobilization at the local
and international levels, women and girls in conflict continue to face multiple challenges. Women 's
rights movements have worked in support of these aims for more than two centuries. Since the
1980s the women 's movement has focused on very diverse issues. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Planned Parenthood provides low–cost family–planning services, cancer screenings, and other
health care to millions of people every year. Trump would have preferred to shut down the
government rather than fund Planned Parenthood. According to the New York Times "Mr. Trump
has shown ambivalence about Planned Parenthood, voicing support for its health–related services
other than abortion, and his daughter Ivanka has urged him to tread carefully on the issue, concerned
about the possible political repercussions of the Republican effort to defund the organization
altogether. As a middle ground, Mr. Trump has proposed preserving federal funding for Planned
Parenthood if it stops providing abortion services. The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights and the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women have both clearly
indicated that women's right to health includes their sexual and reproductive health. This means that
States have obligations to respect, protect and fulfill rights related to women's sexual and
reproductive health. "Despite these obligations, violations of women's sexual and reproductive
health rights are frequent." (OHCRH) The denial of a pregnant woman 's right to make an
independent decision regarding abortion violates or poses a threat to a wide range of human rights.
What so many people

Research Paper: Woman Suffrage
Research Paper: Woman suffrage
In most modern governments, such as the United States of America, give the right to vote to almost
every responsible adult citizen. There were limiters on the right to vote when the US Constitution
was written, and the individual states were allowed to setup their own rules governing who was
allowed to vote. Women were denied the right to vote until the Nineteenth Amendment to the
Constitution which was passed in 1920. In order to understand how women struggled to obtain the
right to vote, some key factors must be looked at in further detail; why suffrage rights were not
defined in the Constitution, the efforts that women put forth to obtain the right to vote, why there are
present–day restrictions on ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Sneider, 2008, p. 5) When they were annexing lands and other countries after the war with Span,
they had to actually define what a citizen was. This opened up forums for the women to discuss their
own goal and ideals. One interesting point about the woman suffrage movement is that it ended up
impacting the actual definition of citizenship. After 1929, the view of "imperial democracy" for
foreign governments overseas did allow for women suffrage. (Sneider, 2008, p. 6) A major step for
the suffragist movement was when the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. The amendment gave
women "new status as national citizens" and allowed them to argue that they should be given the
right to vote now that they have equal protection, due process and citizenship. (Sneider, 2008, p. 10)
During the Reconstruction period, the views on woman suffrage had changed to being labeled a
"benchmark of progress and the successful expansion of democratic values..." (Sneider, 2008) for
the United States. A major step for the suffragist movement was when women actually had the
opportunity to ask congress directly for the right to vote. These moments came during the
Reconstruction period when the expansion of the United States gave the suffragists an opening.
When western areas were acquired after the war with Spain, voting rights became an issue. (Sneider,
2008) Because of the influx of new territory and

The Pros And Cons Of Abortion
"Do not judge my story by the chapter you walked in on"–unknown. Everyone has different
opinions, different point of views, and they are so quick to judge when someone does something that
they do not approve of. Many may say, "It's my body and I can do whatever I please with it", we do
not think about the consequences of our actions. Abortion is a huge responsibility; one must think
and be mindful of how the decision will affect them. Abortion may be considered for many reasons,
like if the girl was a victim of rape, if there is a young careless couple who are not ready for it.
However, who's to say the right choice is right? Or the wrong choice is wrong? Choice is the
opportunity to do what you believe is correct, it's a women's right to do what she believes she needs,
no matter what anyone else thinks. I am not against abortion but only for certain reasons. I am not
saying abortion should be used as a way to prevent pregnancy daily, or that it should be taken
advantage of.
There are two sides in this situation, which is abortion. It's either the pro life; against abortion or it's
the pro choice; for abortion. Many feel it is a fair decision if abortion is needed, these people believe
that a fetus cannot live independent of the mother therefore it is not a legitimate human life. Others
many argue that fetus is a human life and it is wrong to terminate pregnancy. In the society, that one
is in now, abortion will and forever be a fight that neither sides could win. People

Critique Of Na Maloom Afrad
The past couple of years have been revolutionary for Pakistani cinema, movies with good
production values and strong storylines have made it to the cinema houses. One of these films is Na
Maloom Afrad which not only puts forward a well conceptualised plot but also explores the nearly
dead genre of comedy in Pakistani cinema. The plot of Na Maloom Afrad revolves around three
men, Shakeel Bhai( Javed Sheikh), Moon(Mohsin Abbas Haider) and Farhan(Fahad Mustafa), who
under economic pressures turn to a drug smuggler Gogi Bhai(Salman Shahid) for a loan which then
leads them into trouble. While Shakeel Bhai has a wife at home played by Amber Wajid, the two
youngsters Farhan and Moon find their leading ladies in Urwa Hocane who plays Naina ... Show
This projection of women very cleverly puts forward the role of a quintessential Pakistani
woman.For example the scene where Naina meets the man who wants to marry her, shows how the
only thing that is on Pakistani parents mind is marriage when it's about a daughter's future and then
the scene where Gogi Bhai decides to physically abuse Billi as she fails to answer his question
adequately, serves the stereotype of Pakistani women. Directed by Nabeel Qureshi, this movie very
well depicts the Pakistani mindset in the recent age and time. From the representation of women to
blaming external forces("Goron ka bank hai, jala do.") for what we have been doing wrong and then
finally to giving viewership to senseless media institutions( Shoving mics up people's faces after an
incident), he portrays it all. The complex Pakistanis have regarding the western culture has also been
shown clearly with Naina wanting to go to 'Amreeka' and Shakeel Bhai changing into a suit before
going to the bank, leaving his shalwar kameez home. The movie has also been kept very realistic by
using locations that actually go through the trouble 'Na Maloom Afrad' create. Apart from the
locations

The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health...
INTRODUCTION
The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, (NACCHO) is an existing
representation of the hope of Aboriginal communities and their fight for self–rule. NACCHO is the
nationwide climax organization representative. It controls over 150 Aboriginal Community Health
Services (ACCHSs) across the country on Aboriginal health and issues.
BACKGROUND
Since the 1970's, many Indigenous communities have established their own independent,
community–controlled health services (ACCHs) and an over–arching representatives advocacy
body, the National Aboriginal Controlled Community Health Organisation (NACCHO previously
NAIHO) was formed in 1975.
The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (NACCHO) was established in
1992, as the new national ACCHS umbrella organisation replaced the NAIHO.
By changing the name it reflected the fact that Torres Strait Islanders undertook their own campaign
for self determination. However, they wished to establish their own representative organisations.
The history of it extends back to a meeting in Albury in 1974. In 1997, NACCHO was funded by the
Federal Government to launch a branch in Canberra. It significantly increased the Aboriginal
Peoples involvement capability in ACCHSs. However, this contributed the participation in national
health policy development.
Local Aboriginal community

Gender And Gender Inequality
For ages it was believed that the different characteristics, roles and status accorded to women and
men in society are determined by sex, that they are natural and therefore not changeable.
Gender is seen closely related to the roles and behavior assigned to women and men based on their
sexual differences. As soon as a child is born families and society begin the process of gendering.
The birth of the son is celebrated, the birth of a daughter filled with pain; sons are showered with
love, respect, better food and proper health care.
Boys are encouraged to be tough and outgoing; girls are encouraged to be homebound and shy. All
these differences are gender differences and they are created by society. The society/media has put
an image in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"In childhood a female must be subject to her father, in youth to her husband, when her lord is dead
to her sons; a woman must never be independent."
Women's lives are shaped by customs that are centuries old. "May you be the mother of a hundred
sons" is a common Hindu wedding blessing. Statistics reveal that in India, males significantly
outnumber females and this imbalance has increased over time. The sex ratio according to 2001
census report stands at 933 per 1000 males. Out of the total population, 120 million are women who
live in abject poverty. The maternal mortality rate in rural areas is among the world's highest.
From a global perspective India accounts for 19% of all live births and 27% of all maternal deaths.
The deaths of young girls in India exceed those of young boys by over 300,000 each year and every
6th infant death is specifically due to gender discrimination. Women face discrimination right from
the childhood. Gender disparities in nutrition are evident from infancy to adulthood.
In fact, gender has been the most statistically significant determinant of malnutrition among young
children and malnutrition is a frequent, direct or underlying, cause of death among girls below age
5. Girls are breast–fed less frequently and for a shorter duration in infancy.
In childhood and adulthood, males are fed

The National Council Of Jewish Women Essay
The National Council of Jewish Women has a wide history from the 1890s all the way through
2010. In 1893, Hannah G. Solomon of Chicago was asked to organize the participation of Jewish
women in the Chicago World's Fair. Hannah and her recruits discovered that they would pouring
coffee and doing other hostess duties, they decided to walk out and take matters into their own
hands. At the end of the World Fair, Hannah and the accompanying delegate body of women
founded the National Council of Jewish Women, changing the roles of Jewish Women and the
nature of volunteerism. The National Council of Jewish Women is a grassroots organization of
volunteers and advocates who turn open–minded ideals into action. They take inspiration from
Jewish values, and strive for social justice by improving the quality of life for women, children, and
families. They also want to safeguard individual rights and freedoms. The NCJW works both in the
U.S and in Israel. In the U.S they deal with many issues and programs. They work with BenchMark,
Promote the vote, protect the vote, plan A, Higher Ground, NCJW's Reproductive Justice Initiative,
and Exodus. BenchMark deals with the federal courts and judges. The NCJW fights to ensure a fair
and independent judiciary that keeps faith with constitutional values. They work to educate their
communities about the importance of the federal judiciary and mobilizes and advocates to ensure
that court vacancies are filled in a timely manner by nominees who are

Women’s Income Inequality and The American Dream Essay
Income inequality is a big ongoing problem in the United States. It has a big effect on what America
was all about, the American dream. The American dream that everyone is equal and has equal
opportunities. Although a big part of what goes on in the Untied States that just doesn't fit the
American dream; women are unequal in the work place. They are put under what is known as the
"Glass Ceiling". Women do not get promoted in the work place and aren't getting equal pay as men.
This also leads to wag gap between the men and women. Both create income inequality for women
and affect their American Dream. There is a long history of women having to deal with the "Glass
Ceiling". Over time woman have made progress but more progress is ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
On top of it all the rich seem to get richer, spending their money on bigger houses, better cars,
always trying to out do each other while the middle class continues to struggle. Paul Krugman
describes this very well by saying, "One reason to care about inequality is the straightforward matter
of living standards. The lions share of the economic growth in America over the past thirty years has
gone to a small, wealthy minority..."(Krugman 586).
Also recently people are starting to say the American Dream is to own a home or a safe retirement,
slowly breaking away from the original American Dream. Either way you look at it inequality is too
great; this isn't how the American Dream is supposed to be. One of the largest groups affected by the
change in income inequality is women. They are trying to achieve the American dream but they are
held back by income inequality created by the "Glass Ceiling".
The "Glass Ceiling" is known as an invisible barrier that stops someone from gaining more success.
In this case it deals with women in the workplace, not being able to move up in a company. Even
though no one knows who started the phrase, "A widely read Wall Street Journal story in 1986
popularized the term"(Napikoski). The "Glass Ceiling" has played a big role in women not being
able to be

Recognizing Violence Within Homosexual Relationships Essay
Domestic violence in relationships and marriages has been a long–standing problem in American
society. A lot of people have not realized that it is not just a problem for heterosexual couples.
Domestic violence in lesbian, gay, and bisexual relationships is just as prevalent. Lori B. Girshick, a
Professor of sociology and women's studies at Warren Wilson College in North Carolina, states that
we live in a society where "sexual violence is defined only in terms of male penetration and
intercourse"(Griffin). If this is true then it is easy to see why our society has difficulty understanding
the problem with the atypical types of relationship abuse. We must also consider the issue of
prevalence. Though statistical research is still ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1998 reported cases were 44 percent between the ages of 30–44, 21 percent were 23–29, 12
percent were 45–64, and five percent were either under age 22 or over age 65 (Garbo). Based on this
it appears that no one in the gay community is safe from the threat of domestic violence. Since this
seems to be such a significant problem then it seems strange that we don't hear more about it on the
news or in our own communities. There is a great deal of speculation as to why these cases go
unreported. According to an article in the July 14, 1995 edition of the online Jewish Bulletin of
Northern California the gay community resists confronting abuse among its own members. They
already face so many problems such as HIV and discrimination that publicizing the abuse would be
like "airing dirty laundry". (Lank) Another important reason these situations are not being reported
is due to fear of the police and the courts. One example of this involved an employee of the New
York City Housing Authority, Kathy Muniz who says her reports were not taken seriously. She says
she was told by police that tomorrow she and her partner would 'Kiss and make up'. She eventually
got a restraining order against her partner (Leland). It is important to consider the reasons that police
may have difficulty dealing with the cases. It can be difficult for them to know who is the aggressor
and who is the victim. Executive Director Connie Burk of

Women Empowerment
Women Empowerment – A reality or Myth
The Government of India had ushered in the new millennium by declaring the year 2001 as
'Women's Empowerment Year' to focus on a vision 'where women are equal partners like men'. The
most common explanation of 'women's empowerment' is the ability to exercise full control over
one's actions. The last decades have witnessed some basic changes in the status and role of women
in our society. There has been shift in policy approaches from the concept of 'welfare' in the
seventies to 'development' in the eighties and now to 'empowerment' in the nineties. This process has
been further accelerated with some sections of women becoming increasingly self–conscious of
their discrimination in several areas of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To be useful to the family, community and the society, women must be provided with health care
facilities. Most of the women work in agricultural sector either as workers, in household farms or as
wageworkers. Yet it is precisely livelihood in agriculture that has tended to become more volatile
and insecure in recent years and women cultivators have therefore been negatively affected. The
government's policies for alleviating poverty have failed to produce any desirable results, as women
do not receive appropriate wages for their labour. There is also significant amount of unpaid or non–
marketed labor within the household. The increase in gender disparity in wages in the urban areas is
also quite marked as it results from the employment of women in different and lower paying
activities. They are exploited at various levels. They should be provided with proper wages and
work at par with men so that their status can be elevated in society.
|[pic][pic][pic] |
In recent years there have been explicit moves to increase women's political participation. The
Women's reservation policy bill is however a very sad story as it is repeatedly being scuttled in
parliament. In the Panchayati Raj system, however, women have been given representation as a sign
of political empowerment. There are many elected women representatives at the village council
level. However their power is restricted, as it the men who wield

The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health...
INTRODUCTION
The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, (NACCHO) is an existing
representation of the hope of Aboriginal communities and their fight for self–rule. NACCHO is the
nationwide climax organization representative. It controls over 150 Aboriginal Community Health
Services (ACCHSs) across the country on Aboriginal health and issues.
BACKGROUND
The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (NACCHO) was established in
1992, as the new national ACCHS umbrella organisation replaced the NAIHO. Many Indigenous
communities have recognized their own independent since the 1970's. In 1975, The Community–
controlled health services (ACCHs) and an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Local Aboriginal community control in health is important as this classifies the Aboriginal entire
health. Thus, it allows Aboriginal communities to find out their own relationships, protocols and
procedures. NACCHO represents local Aboriginal community control at a national level. By making
sure that Aboriginal people have a greater right of entry to valuable health care within Australia. A
coordinated holistic response is provided by NACCHO from the community sector. Therefore, it is
promoting for culturally respectful and approaches to needs requirement. This shows the
improvement in health and wellbeing through ACCHSs with better outcome.
AIM
NACCHO is focused on:
Promoting, increasing and growing the state of health and wellbeing services through local
ACCHSs.
Cooperating with organisations and governments within both the Aboriginal and non–Aboriginal
community on health and wellbeing guidelines and planning difficulties.
Representing and promoting health service delivery, health information, research, public health and
health financing and health programs.
VISION AND VALUES
Controlling Aboriginal Community
Approach to an holistic and full Primary Health Care
A ground–up approach to planning, policy development and performance
Aboriginal cultural honesty
Co–ordinated and

Women's Place in India Essay example
Women's Place in India
Break Silence
They want to break our success
Time demands that we break this silence
If we are raising our voice
Why should They get angry?
We are fighting so that we have equality
We are fighting so that we have dignity
We are fighting so that we have happiness
We are fighting so that we have peace
We are fighting so that we have justice
We are fighting for Women's liberation
Break Silence. . . . . . . . . . .
They are scared of our strength
They are scared of our struggles
They are scared of our unity
They are scared of our organisation
They are scared of our emancipation
Hence, they are trying to break us by creating barriers of religion, caste, ethnicity, and tradition.
Break ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main handicap of Women in India, and truly world–wide, has been that of childbirth. The
"bondage of reproduction", as Tikoo words it, had left Women reliant on Men for food, protection
and shelter (Tikoo pg 3). Tikoo also notes a "Curse of Woman" in India which have lowered their
place in society which is that of early marriage. In India, "Hindu religious leaders all decreed that a
girl should be married soon after the beginning of puberty" (Tikoo pg 23), and that the age of ten is
considered puberty. For Hindu girls, this means that they have little chance at education past this
age, and truly many do not even receive education before. One reason for this is that many
prospective in–laws would not want an educated girl, since they believed that she would not want to
be a virtual servant then (Tikoo pg 26).

The plight of Women becomes very apparent in the sphere of marriage. Women are expected to
marry, and many call it the "aim of her existence" (Billington pg 22). There is a general belief of
parents that if their daughter does not marry, she will go to hell, and any Woman in this society
which does not marry is not seen as a real Woman. At this point she is forced to go into the
workforce.
Other statistics from India are shocking. Seven out of ten non–school going children are female,
females are

The Role Of Women In The Color Purple

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