Files types pro forma homework

1. Digital Graphics
File Formats
Emily Pinder

2. Raster Graphics
• Give a definition of Raster Graphics
• Raster graphics are bitmaps which are made
up of pixels which create an image on a
computer. Each pixel records its own colour
which has a fixed resolution size. The more
pixels an image has the more detail the image
will contain.

3. Vector Graphics
• Give a definition of Vector Graphics
• Vector graphics are images that are made up
of paths and strokes. These paths are created
by the computer to put the image together.
Vectors are like a mathematical calculation
which create the image.

4. Raster Graphics

5. JPEG
Stands For Joint Photographic Experts Group.
Used For/Example JEPG is a photograph and web format that
most images are saved as.
Advantage The file size of JPEG can be highly
compressed to make the file small and
allow room for more images. A lot of
different websites, cameras and
computers around the world use the JPEG
format which means the files are highly
assessable.
Disadvantage Due to the high level of compression and
recompression every time you edit and
close the file, the file loses quality and
overtime the image will degrade.

6. TIFF
Stands For Tagged Image File Format
Used For/Example Used for desktop publishing such as for
magazines and graphic designs.
Advantage A TIFF file can have multiple pages in a
single document. Tiff files also have the
option of lossless compression. This means
you do not lose any quality of the file due
to compression.
Disadvantage TIFF files are specialist and many
computers and programs will not open
them. The files sizes are huge and they
take a while to download and open.

7. GIF
Stands For Graphics Interchange Format
Used For/Example GIFs are used to create short digital
animations using a series of images,
played in a loop. They are often found on
the internet.
Advantage GIFs are small files and are not very hard
to make. They are only a few seconds long
and are played on a constant loop.
Disadvantage GIF files are very small so the quality of
the images are bad. They are not hard to
make however you need specialist
software to make them.

8. BMP
Stands For Bitmap Image File
Used For/Example Similar to a TIFF and JPEG file.
Advantage No loss in compression when the file is
opened, edited and closed.
Disadvantage Due to this lossless compression this file
size is very large.

9. Vector Graphics

10. PSD
Stands For Photoshop document
Used For/Example Used for imaged manipulation. For
example editing magazine covers.
Advantage A photoshop document saves each stage
of editing in a layer so you can still edit the
image after saving. It also saves the page
format and other information. This
document also supports transparency.
Disadvantage PSD files cannot be opened with a web
browser. Due to the large files sizes, the
files are difficult to email and transfer.

11. AI
Stands For Adobe Illustrator Art.
Used For/Example Used to create graphics to represent
companies.
Advantage Often used in logo creation and can be
scaled bigger or smaller as the vectors
have no loss in definition and do not
pixelate.
Disadvantage For these files you need specific Adobe
software to open and edit the file. The files
are also often very large.

12. FLA
Stands For Flash File
Used For/Example Flash files are used to create animations
and games.
Advantage This program can produce high quality
files with a small file size. The files can also
include sound and video.
Disadvantage Flash files are very large and can only be
be seen when Flash Player is installed.
They files can also take longer to load on
webpages.

13. WMF
Stands For Windows metafile.
Used For/Example Windows metafiles are used for logos and
are similar to AL files.
Advantage This program can be scaled larger or small
as vectors do not lose any definition. WMF
files can contain both vector and bitmap
components.
Disadvantage Few programs support this file and the
program can be hard to use. There is a lack
of editing features with the software.

14. File Format Capture and
Optimising

15. Compression
Definition Lossy compression is the way in which the
size of a file is reduced. This is done by
reducing the amount of information that is
saved to the file.
Advantage Compression can drastically reduce the
size of a file allow room for more files.
Disadvantage Due to the compression, images become
more pixelated as they have less detail
and less squares of colour.

16. Image Capture
Method Scanner
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
A scanner can digitise physical images
such as sketches and mixed media by
recreating the image using pixels.
Method Camera
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
A camera is used for taking pictures of
graphics which can then be edited.
Method Graphics Tablet
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
When using a tablet you can use the
mouse like a pen giving you more control
of the image.

17. Optimising
Why would you optimise? Optimising images is good for reducing the
file size and download speed allowing easy
viewing on the internet.
How can you optimise? Images can be optimised from the internet
by changing image size in photoshop. You
can also reduce bit depth which reduces
the amount of colour in an image and
reduce the resolution of the pixels.
Advantage to optimising An advantage to optimising is reducing the
file size which makes the file a lot more
assessable.
Disadvantage to optimising A disadvantage to optimising is the loss of
quality of the image as the bit depth will
show less amounts of colour and the pixels
are reduced, reducing the resolution of the
image.