Different file types presented on a powerpoint

1. Digital Graphics
File Formats
Duncan Warren-Rix

2. Raster Graphics
• Give a definition of Raster Graphics
Raster Graphics are made up of Bitmaps. Bitmaps are made of thousands of microscopic squares.
These squares are called pixels which are found in TV screens, tablets and computer monitors.
Software's such as Photoshop use 300 dpi which stands for dolts per inch, so there are 300 pixels
in each inch of the photograph on the software such as Photoshop. Usually the more dots per
inch the better quality the photograph will be. If you enlarge a photograph it will loose quality and
become more pixelated as the little squares are stretched out as shown in the photos below. If
there are more dots per inch in the photo like 600 dpi, then when the photo is enlarged it looses
less quality as the little squares are not stretched as much because there is more of them.
When you buy a camera the first thing people want to know is how many Megapixels it is, as the
more Mega pixels a camera has the better quality photos it takes. If a camera is 14 Megapixels it
means it takes photographs with 14 000,000 pixels per image which is really good quality.

3. Vector Graphics
• Give a definition of Vector Graphics
Vector Graphics are defined by curves, points, lines and angles. Vectors and paths are
what make up vector graphics. These paths or vectors travel through control points or
nodes. Each path has ether a stroke colour, shape or thickness. This means if an image
is made larger or smaller there is no loss in quality, this makes them perfect for
company logos, business cards or billboards.

4. Raster Graphics

5. JPEG
Stands For Joint Photographic Experts Group
Used For/Example Commonly used on peoples home
computers as a standard format. Its used
on social websites so people can easily
upload photos.
Advantage Websites such as Facebook and Twitter
use JPEG files, which makes it easy to
upload photos to the internet. Its
commonly used by businesses, people and
is the standard format for photo viewing
software's.
Disadvantage Photos loose quality from compression
and recompression. This happens most
commonly from closing and opening a
JPEG file and when people edit photos.

6. TIFF
Stands For Tagged Image File Format
Used For/Example Its used for desktop publishing and is
common with graphic designers.
Advantage Tiffs can hold many pages to a single tiff
file. Tiff files don’t loose quality with
compression. You can transfer tiff files
between computers and from one
application to another with out the loss of
quality or having compatibility issues.
Disadvantage The file size of tiffs is very large a single tiff
file can take up to 100 megabytes in
storage space or even more. Only the very
small tiff files can be sent through email
most of them are to large.

7. GIF
Stands For Graphic Interchange Format
Used For/Example Animations commonly found on the
internet, which are images played one
after the other in a loop.
Advantage Giff files are quite small file sizes so they
don't take up to much storage space. This
also means they can be used easily online
as they load quicker and keep good
quality. Giff files support a transparent
background which helps to maintain a
professional look on websites.
Disadvantage Giff files have maximum colour palette of
256 colours so they can look poorer
quality then other animations or images.
Once an animation has been coded in a
Giff file there is no way of going back and
editing the animation.

8. BMP
Stands For Bitmap Image File
Used For/Example They are similar to a TIFF and JPEG file.
BMP is a raster graphics image file format
used to store bitmap digital images.
Advantage There is no loss in quality of a photo in
compression or recompression. Bitmap
files translate well to output files like
printers.
Disadvantage BMP can be large file sizes there for taking
up a lot storage space. BMP files are not
good for enlarging images as there is a loss
of quality when doing so. This means
many companies will not use BMP files as
there advertisement posters, billboards or
business cards in many will be bad quality.

9. Vector Graphics

10. PSD
Stands For Photoshop Document
Used For/Example Saving files of Photoshop commonly used
by photographers.
Advantage PSD files support a transparent
background. PSD files can handle simple
vector layers this makes it easier for
importing and exporting data from
programs like Adobe Illustrator.
Disadvantage PSDs are extremely large files as there is
no loss in quality due to compression. PSD
files aren't usually compatible with other
programs which makes it harder to
transfer these files.

11. AI
Stands For Adobe Illustrator File
Used For/Example Quit often used for creating logos.
Companies may use this file type as they
can use it to save and even transport there
logos.
Advantage Images can be scaled big or small as
vectors have no loss in definition. This
means advertising companies will find this
file type very useful for large scale images
such as billboards or small scale images
such as businesses cards.
Disadvantage This file type is not useful to people who
don’t have adobe or Photoshop and
therefore just creates problems for people
when they have non compatible file types.
It is only redeemable for curtain file types
its not as a universal as other file types.

12. FLA
Stands For Flash File
Used For/Example Flash files are commonly used for
animations and games, making them
useful for websites.
Advantage FLA files are high quality files but have
small files size so they take up less storage
space and still have high quality files.
These files also include video and sound
there for making them more useful,
especially to animators and game
designers.
Disadvantage It is not commonly used on home
computers which can make it hard to use
this type of file. If you don’t have the right
software you may not be able to watch
flash file videos on the internet.

13. WMF
Stands For Windows Meta File
Used For/Example WMF files are similar to AL files as they
can only be used with windows.
Advantage There is no loss in definition with this file
through compression or resizing an image
due to vector graphics. This file type can
contain both vector and bitmap
components.
Disadvantage WMF files are only able to be used for
video, audio, and animation system. This
makes WMF files useless for
photographers.

14. File Format Capture
and Optimising

15. Compression
Definition Compression is were you reduce the file
size in order to make an efficient file form
that can be stored or even transmitted.
Lossy compression is the way in which file
sizes are reduced by reducing the amount
of info that is saved.
Advantage It reduces the file size so it takes up less
storage space and can also be transported
easily on a flash drive or other portable
storage device.
Disadvantage Pictures become more pixelated as they
are compressed because they save smaller
amounts of colour square pixels.

16. Image Capture
Method Scanner
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
A fluorescent lamp illuminates the Image, as several
mirrors, filters, lenses and charge-coupled device (CCD)
array are slowly pulled over the document by a belt.
Two or three mirrors reflect the image. Then a final
mirror reflects the image onto the lens, this focuses
the image through the CCD array's filter. After this you
save your document usually as a JPEG file and then you
can edit it if necessary.
Method Camera
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
A camera captures and freezes a moment in time
which is then saved on to a small SD card. This can
then be transferred on to any editing software.
Method Graphics Tablet
How is it used for image capture of
graphics
You can design graphics by hand on tablets or just edit
them. You can use a pen especially designed for the
tablet to help you draw. As your hand or pen touches
the tablets screen it starts to mimic you movements
producing a line, curve or shape of some sort that you
have made.

17. Optimising
Why would you optimise? Because images not optimized normally
have a large file size. Also once you have
optimized a file it takes less time to load.
How can you optimise? By reducing the size of a file so it takes up
less storage space. Many formats optimize
by removing information from the image.
Advantage to optimising There is more colour and a better look to
images because of the large file size.
Disadvantage to optimising It is a large file there for taking up more
storage space.