Taylor's University Lakeside Campus School of Architecture, Building & Design Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture Building Science II (BLD 61303)

1. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOURS) IN ARCHITECTURE
BUILDING SCIENCE II
(BLD61303 / ARC3413)
PROJECT 2:
INTEGRATION PROJECT
NAME: LEE XIANG LOON
STUDENT ID: 0322090
TUTOR: MR AZIM SULAIMAN
SUBMISSION DATE: 17 JULY 2017

2. 2 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
1.0 M.S. 1525 3
2.0 Site Analysis of Community Library 4
3.0 Space A (Daylighting and Artificial Lighting Analysis)
3.1 Building Floor Plans 5
3.2 Daylighting Analysis 6 – 7
3,3 Artificial Lighting Analysis 8 – 11
3.4 Permanent Supplementary Artificial Lighting of the Interior 12
(PSALI) Scheme
4.0 Space B (Artificial Lighting Analysis)
4.1 Building Floor Plans 13
4.2 Artificial Lighting Analysis 14 – 18

3. 3 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
1.0 M.S. 1525
According to M.S. 1525, the daylight factors and distribution are as follow:
Zone Daylight factor (%) Distribution
Very bright > 6 Large (including thermal and glare problem)
Bright 3 – 6 Good
Average 1 – 3 Fair
Dark 0 – 1 Poor
Table 1: Daylight factors and distribution table (Source: M.S. 1525)
According to M.S. 1525, the recommended artificial lighting illumination level for building
areas as such:
General Building Area IES Standards Illumination
Level
M.S. 1525 Recommendation
Reading Table 300 300 – 500
Reading Rooms, Newspaper
and Magazines
300 300 – 500
Table 2: Recommended artificial lighting illumination level for typical building areas (Source: M.S. 1525)

4. 4 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
2.0 Site Analysis of Community Library
The orientation of the building facades are positioned towards the east and west facing to the
sun.
Figure 1: Sun path at 9.00am, 1st
July 2017
Figure 2: Sun path at 12.00pm, 1st
July 2017
Figure 3: Sun path at 3.00pm, 1st
July 2017

5. 5 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
3.0 Space A (Daylighting and Artificial Lighting Analysis)
3.1 Building Floor Plans
Figure 4: Second floor plan highlighting the selected space
Figure 5: Enlarged floor plan of central interactive space
This space is located on the second floor at about the center of the building. Windows are
placed at the south facade of the building which allows sunlight to diffuse into the space.

6. 6 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
3.2 Daylighting Analysis
Total area of enclosing surfaces (m2
), A 322.42m2
Total area of windows (m2
) 2 x (2.646 x 2.950) = 15.6114m2
Transmittance value of glass, T Clear double glazing = 0.7
Approximate reflectance value, R White ceiling and light-coloured walls = 0.5
Angle of visible sky, 𝜃 73°
Average daylight factor, DF
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐷𝐹 =
𝑊
𝐴
×
𝑇𝜃
(1 − 𝑅)
=
15.6114
322.42
×
0.7 × 73
(1 − 0.5)
= 4.95
Based on the table for daylight factor and distribution in M.S. 1525, the space has adequate
uniform daylighting with the average value of 4.95%, a good distribution of daylight.
Figure 6: Daylight and artificial lighting contour simulated from Autodesk Revit 2017

7. 7 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
The daylight contour diagram shows sunlight penetrates into the space from the exposed facade
and the level gradually becomes lower as it reaches the back end of the deep space at 3.00pm,
1st July 2017.
Due to the positioning of windows on the south facade, daylighting will most likely only be
available during the afternoon of a day. Hence, it is necessary to install artificial lighting
fixtures to allow the space is well-lit throughout the time of the day.

8. 8 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
3.3 Artificial Lighting Analysis
Type of luminaire LuxSpace Mini LED downlight
Luminaire image
Product company Philips
Type of luminous Warm white
Luminous flux of lighting (𝑙𝑚) 1200
Power (W) 11.6W
Colour temperature (K) 3000K
Colour rendering index (CRI) 80
Average life rate (hour) 25000
Type of space Central interactive space (Space A)
Dimension of space (m) L = 9.650, W = 8.393
Total floor area (m2
), A 80.99m2
Luminous flux of lighting (𝑙𝑚), F 1200lm
Height of ceiling (m) 4.446m
Height of luminaire (m) 1.0m
Height of working plane (m) 0.8m
Mounting height (m), 𝐻 𝑚 4.446m – 1.0m – 0.8m = 2.646m
Standard illumination required
according to M.S.1525 (𝑙𝑥), E
300 (Reading area)

9. 9 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
Reflectance factor Ceiling (White acoustic-tiled ceiling) = 0.7
Wall (White painted wall) = 0.5
Working plane (Carpeting) = 0.1
Acoustic-tiled ceiling panels
White painted wall
Carpeting
Room index, K
𝑅𝐼 =
𝐿 × 𝑊
𝐻 𝑚 × (𝐿 + 𝑊)
=
9.650 × 8.393
2.646 × (9.650 + 8.393)
= 1.70
Utilization factor, UF 0.59
Maintenance factor, MF 0.80 (Standard)

10. 10 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
Number of luminaires required, N
𝑁 =
𝐸 × 𝐴
𝐹 × 𝑈𝐹 × 𝑀𝐹
=
300 × 80.99
1200 × 0.59 × 0.8
= 42.89
≈ 42 lamps
Spacing to height ratio, SHR
𝑆𝐻𝑅 =
1
𝐻 𝑚
× √
𝐴
𝑁
=
1
2.646
× √
80.99
42
= 0.53m
𝑆𝐻𝑅 =
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐻 𝑚
0.53 =
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥
2.646
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.53 × 2.646
= 1.39
Suggested fitting layout Fittings required along 8.393m wall,
8.393
1.39
= 6.04 ≈ 6 rows
Spacing required for 8.393m wall if 𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
1.39, spacing set between luminaires
S=1.38m
Fittings required along 9.650m wall,
9.650
1.39
= 6.94 ≈ 7 columns
Spacing required for 9.650m wall if 𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
1.39, spacing set between luminaires
S=1.35m
Suggested fitting layout: 6 rows of 7
luminaires.

11. 11 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
Figure 7: Reflected ceiling plan showing the arrangement of luminaires
There are 42 light fittings to illuminate the 80.99m2
of reading area to achieve 300 lux that is
required by M.S. 1525 with the sufficient level of illuminations to allow users to have good
visual quality while reading books.
With the luminaires being of direct illumination, they are spaced at about 1.35 to 1.38 metres
apart, which is within the calculated distance.

12. 12 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
3.4 Permanent Supplementary Artificial Lighting of the Interior (PSALI) Scheme
The 42 light fittings are controlled by 3 switches. In the morning, switch 3 (1 row on) needs to
be turned on as shown in Figure 8. When daylight level drops, switch 2 (3 rows on) turns on to
replace switch 3. At night, switches 1 and 2 (5 rows on) are turned on as shown in Figure 9.
Figure 8: Cross section of Space A in brightest days
Figure 9: Cross section of Space A in dark or gloomy days

13. 13 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
4.0 Space B (Artificial Lighting Analysis)
4.1 Building Floor Plans
Figure 10: Second floor plan highlighting the selected space
Figure 11: Enlarged floor plan of reading area
This space is located on the second floor at the far end of the building away from the east facade
of the main road of Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman to provide a quiet and cozy study environment
for the users.

14. 14 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
4.2 Artificial Lighting Analysis
Type of luminaire LED rectangular light pendant
Luminaire image
Product company Philips
Type of luminous Warm white
Luminous flux of lighting (𝑙𝑚) 2800
Power (W) 32W
Colour temperature (K) 3000K
Colour rendering index (CRI) 80
Average life rate (hour) 20000
Type of space Reading area (Space B)
Dimension of space (m) L = 11.421, W = 6.581
Total floor area (m2
), A 75.162m2
Luminous flux of lighting (𝑙𝑚), F 2800lm
Height of ceiling (m) 4.446 m
Height of luminaire (m) 1.0m
Height of working plane (m) 0.8m
Mounting height (m), 𝐻 𝑚 4.446m – 1.0m – 0.8m = 2.646m
Standard illumination required
according to MS1525 (𝑙𝑥), E
300 (Reading room)

15. 15 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
Reflectance factor Ceiling (White acoustic-tiled ceiling) = 0.7
Wall (White painted wall) = 0.5
Working plane (Carpeting) = 0.1
Acoustic-tiled ceiling panels
White painted wall
Carpeting
Room index, K
𝑅𝐼 =
𝐿 × 𝑊
𝐻 𝑚 × (𝐿 + 𝑊)
=
11.421 × 6.581
2.646 × (11.421 + 6.581)
= 1.58
Utilization factor, UF 0.54
Maintenance factor, MF 0.80 (Standard)

16. 16 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
Number of luminaires required, N
𝑁 =
𝐸 × 𝐴
𝐹 × 𝑈𝐹 × 𝑀𝐹
=
300 × 75.162
2800 × 0.54 × 0.8
= 18.64
≈ 18 lamps
Spacing to height ratio, SHR
𝑆𝐻𝑅 =
1
𝐻 𝑚
× √
𝐴
𝑁
=
1
2.646
× √
75.162
18
= 0.77m
𝑆𝐻𝑅 =
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐻 𝑚
0.77 =
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥
2.646
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.77 × 2.646
= 2.03
Suggested fitting layout Fittings required along 6.581m wall,
6.581
2.03
= 3.24 ≈ 3 rows
Spacing required for 6.581m wall if 𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
2.03, spacing set between luminaires S=2.0m
Fittings required along 11.421m wall,
11.421
2.03
= 5.63 ≈ 6 columns
Spacing required for 11.421m wall if 𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
2.03, spacing set between luminaires S=2.0m
Suggested fitting layout: 3 rows of 6
luminaires.

17. 17 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
Figure 12: Reflected ceiling plan showing the arrangement of luminaires
Figure 13: Cross section of Space B

18. 18 | Building Science II (BLD61303 / ARC3413)
There are 18 light fittings to illuminate the 75.162m2
of reading area to achieve 300 lux that is
required by M.S. 1525 with the sufficient level of illuminations to allow users to have good
visual quality while reading books.
With the luminaires being of direct illumination, they are spaced at 2.0 metres apart, which is
within the calculated distance.
Figure 14: Artificial lighting contour simulated from Autodesk Revit 2017
The artificial lighting contour diagram shows the light fittings illuminating the space to the
recommended illumination levels at about the center but the levels gradually become lower
towards the corners of this space.