Project 2 Lighting Analysis

Project 2 Integration Project
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Table of content
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Site Introduction ………………………………………………………………………..………..….... 3
1.2 Overall Floor Plans …………………………………………………………………………………..… 4 - 10
1.3 Site Analysis – Sun Path Diagram ………………………………………………………………. 11
2.0 Space A – Lobby
2.1 Day Light Analysis ……………………………………………………………………………………… 12 - 13
2.2 Artificial Light Analysis ………………………………………………………………………….…… 14 - 16
2.3 PSALI & Fitting Layout ……………………………………………………………………………….. 17 - 18
3.0 Space B – Community Room
3.1 Artificial Light Analysis ……………………………………………………………………………….. 19 - 22
3.2 PSALI & Fitting Layout …………………………………………………………….………………….. 23 - 25
4.0 References ………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….... 26

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1.0 Introduction
1.1 Site Introduction
Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman is a historical textile shopping district and a major one-way road located in
Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. The road is named after the first Yang di-Pertuan Agong, Tuanku Abdul Rahman
of Negeri Sembilan. Its coordinates is 3.1591° N, 101.6965° E. The proposed community library is an urban
infill project in Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman. The row of shop house are all in east west orientation. The
shop houses are characterized with their depth in the length thus in the middle part of the shop houses
are comparably obtain lesser natural light. In the community library design, spaces are pushed inside a bit
for the service lane and also avoid the direct harm from the scorching sun. However, some spaces in
double volume or with an open façade design are still confront with some glare problem or insufficient of
natural light.

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1.0 Introduction
1.2 Overall Floor Plans
Ground Floor Plan ( 1:200 )

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1st Floor Plan ( 1:200 )

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2nd Floor Plan ( 1:200 )

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2nd floor plan (Mezzanine) (1:200)

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3rf Floor Plan ( 1:200 )

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3rd floor plan (Mezzanine) (1:200)

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4th floor plan (1:200)

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1.0 Introduction
1.3 Site Analysis – Sun Path Diagram
21 June, 9am 23 December, 9am
21 June, 3pm 23 December, 3pm

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2.0 Space A : Bookstore
2.1 Day light Analysis
1st Floor Plan (1:200)
The bookstore is located at the 1st
floor. It is in open floor plan design and allowing the natural light
penetrates through the openings and the atrium. Thus, the area is in full coverage of sunlight during the
day. Perforated façade system is provided to offer the user a softer natural lighting and natural ventilation
to go through the interior spaces.

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Daylight Factor Calculation (DF)
Floor area, 𝑚2
5.2m x 10.14m = 52.7𝒎 𝟐
Area of windows (m2), W 4.65 x 3.3 = 15.35𝒎 𝟐
Total area of internal surfaces (𝑚2
), A 2 (10.14 x 5.2) + ( 3.7 x 3.3 ) + ( 4.9 x 3.3 ) + 2 ( 5.2
x 3.3 )
= 105.456 + 12.21 + 16.17 + 34.32
= 168.156𝒎 𝟐
Glass transmittance, T 0.6
Visible sky angle from center of window, θ 72
Average reflectance of area (concrete), R 0.275
Average Daylight Factor 𝐷𝐹 =
𝑊
𝐴
x
Tθ
(1−𝑅)
=
15.35
168.156
×
0.6(72)
(1−0.275)
= 0.09 x 59.6
= 5.4 %
The selected area has the daylight factor of 5.4% which falls in the good ratio of day lighting distribution
in the category given above. According to the benchmark in MS1525, the shops (conventional with
counter) requires 200Lux- 750 Lux. The calculated indoor IL illuminance demonstrate a good results and
achieve within the range of the benchmark given. Hence, perforated façade is to be proposed for the
purpose of giving a soft natural lighting to the interior for the user and to provide the shading for from
the scorching sun. Hence, artificial lighting is proposed to be on only in the morning and night due to its
east west orientation.
Illuminance Example
120,000 lux Bright Sunlight
110,000 lux Bright Sunlight
20,000 lux Shade illuminated by entire clear blue sky, midday
1,000 – 2,000 lux Typical Overcast Day, Midday
400 lux Sunrise or Sunset on a clear sky (ambient illumination)
<200 lux Extreme of Darkest Storm Clouds, Midday
40 lux Fully Overcast, Sunset / Sunrise
<1 lux Extreme of Darkest Storm Clouds, Sunset / Sunrise
External Illuminance (Eo) 20,000 lux
Daylight Factor (DF) 5.4%
Natural Illumination DF =
𝐸 𝑖
𝐸 𝑜
× 100
= 5.4 x 200
= 1080 lux
*According to MS1525, the bookstore is considered bright.

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2.2 Artificial light Analysis
Lumen Method
Lumen method can be also calculated and used to determine the number of lights should be installed on
the site. To know the number of lamps, calculation of total luminance of the space need to be done based
on the number of fixtures and examine the sufficiency of light fixtures on that particular space.
Where, N = number of lamps required
E = IL luminance level required (Lux)
A = Area at working plane height (𝑚2)
F = Average luminous flux from each lamp (lm)
UF = Utilisation factor, an allowance for light distribution of the luminaire and the room surfaces
MF = Maintenance factor, an allowance for reduced light output because of deterioration and dirt
Room Index
Room Index, RI, is the ratio of room plan area to half wall area between the working and luminaire planes,
Which can be calculated by:
Where, L = Length of room
W = Width of room
Hm = Mounting height, the vertical distance between the working plane and the luminaire.

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Lumen method calculation
Properties of light fixtures
Types of fixture LED Surface Mounted Down light
Types of light bulb
Materials of fixtures Aluminum Die-casting ,White Matte Finish
Product Brand and Code Panasonic NNN54520W
Nominal life (hours) 40000hr
Wattage Range (w) 18.6w
CRI 85
Colour Temperature (Kelvin) 4000
Colour Designation White
Lumens 1800lm
Location Bookstore
Dimension of room (m) 10.14m (W) x 5.2m (L)
Total Floor Area (𝑚2
) 52.7𝒎 𝟐
Ceiling Height 3.3m
Types of lighting fixtures Surface mounted LED down light
Luminous flux of lighting (lm) 1800lm
Height of working plane (m) 1.5m
Mounting Height, H/(Hm) 3.3m – 1.5m = 1.8m
Standard Illumination Required according MS1525 300lux
Reflectance Factor White painted ceiling 0.86
White painted concrete wall 0.8
Gray concrete surface 0.275
Room Index RI/(K) RI =
𝐿×𝑊
𝐻 𝑚 ×(𝐿×𝑊)
=
10.14×5.2
1.8×(10.14+5.2)
= 1.9
Utilization Factor 0.67
Maintenance Factor/MF 0.8

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Number of fittings required, N N =
𝐸×𝐴
𝐹×𝑈𝐹×𝑀𝐹
=
300×52.7
1800×0..67×0.8
= 16.4
~16 blubs
Maximum horizontal spacing between fittings,
Smax
S max = 1.0 x Hm
= 1.8m
Fitting layout Fitting required along 5.2m wall
5.2/1.8 = 2.889
~ 3rows
Number of lamps in each row
16/3 = 5.333 bulbs
~5 bulbs
Spacing required for 5.2m
5.2/3 = 1.733 m
10.14 /3 = 3.38 m
First spacing for the 5.2m wall will be half of the S, 1.733/2 = 0.8665m

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2.3 PSALI & Fitting Layout
Lighting Fittings Spacing Diagram
Light Contour Diagram
The daylight contour diagram shows the interior space of the book store received amount of natural light
as it is penetrate through perforated facade. The frontage of the book store received light from the
skylight above the center atrium and it is sufficient enough for the display of books. The artificial lighting
contour on the right shows the lighting condition after the artificial lighting is installed and planned along
the space. The light source is well distributed to every corners around the room. LED surface mounted
down light is recommended in book store as it's adjustable and the luminous level is low as well so as to
not destroy the books displayed.

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Section Analysis Diagram
3 2 1
The inner space of book store has direct opening from left side, the right side of the book store space is
exposed to natural light that comes from the skylight on top of the center atrium. Hence in order to balance
up the lighting condition for both spaces, artificial LED surface mounted down light is introduced as task
lighting to help enhance the display of work in the book store.

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3.0 Space B : Community Room
3.2 Artificial light Analysis
3rd Floor Plan (Mezzanine) (1:200)
The community room is located at the 3rd
floor (Mezzanine). It is in open floor plan design and allowing
the natural light penetrates through the openings and the atrium. Thus, the area is covered up by the fire
staircase from the front and only natural lighting can come in from the back of the center atrium.

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Lumen Method
Lumen method can be also calculated and used to determine the number of lights should be installed on
the site. To know the number of lamps, calculation of total luminance of the space need to be done based
on the number of fixtures and examine the sufficiency of light fixtures on that particular space.
Where, N = number of lamps required
E = IL luminance level required (Lux)
A = Area at working plane height (𝑚2)
F = Average luminous flux from each lamp (lm)
UF = Utilisation factor, an allowance for light distribution of the luminaire and the room surfaces
MF = Maintenance factor, an allowance for reduced light output because of deterioration and dirt
Room Index
Room Index, RI, is the ratio of room plan area to half wall area between the working and luminaire planes,
Which can be calculated by:
Where, L = Length of room
W = Width of room
Hm = Mounting height, the vertical distance between the working plane and the luminaire.

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Properties of light fixtures
Types of fixture LED Core Line Slim Down light
Types of light bulb
Materials of fixtures Aluminium and Polycarbonate
Product Brand and Code Philips DN135B [Core Line Slim Downlight]
Nominal life (hours) 30000hrs
Wattage Range (w) 13w
CRI 85
Colour Temperature (Kelvin) 3000
Colour Designation Warm white
Lumens 1000lm
Location Community Room
Dimension of room (m) 7.13m(W) x 6.85m(L)
Total Floor Area (𝑚2
) 48.8𝒎 𝟐
Ceiling Height 3.3m
Types of lighting fixtures LED Ceiling Mounted Down light
Luminous flux of lighting (lm) 1000lm
Height of working plane (m) 0.8m
Mounting Height, H/(Hm) 3.3m - 0.8m = 2.5m
Standard Illumination Required according MS1525 50 lux (Homes – general living rooms)
Reflectance Factor White painted ceiling 0.86
Off white plaster wall 0.84
Gray concrete surface 0.27
Room Index RI/(K) RI =
𝐿×𝑊
𝐻 𝑚 ×(𝐿×𝑊)
=
6.85×7.13
2.5×(6.85+7.13)
= 1.4
Utilization Factor 0.6
Maintenance Factor/MF 0.8

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Number of fittings required, N N =
𝐸×𝐴
𝐹×𝑈𝐹×𝑀𝐹
=
300×48.8
1000×0.6×0.8
= 30.5
~31 blubs
Maximum horizontal spacing between fittings,
Smax
S max = 1.0 x Hm
= 2.5m
Fitting layout Fitting required along 6.85m wall
6.85/2.5 = 2.74
~ 3 rows
Number of lamps in each row
31/3 = 10 bulbs
6.85/3 = 2.28 m
7.13 /3 = 2.38m

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3.3 PSALI & Fitting Layout
Lighting Fittings Spacing Diagram

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Light Contour Diagram
The daylight contour on the left shows the source of natural light is only from the center atrium, the
natural lighting in space is not sufficient enough to maintain at average lighting condition for book
collection and reading space. The diagram on the right shows the artificial lighting contour of the book
collection space, the light is well distributed to all corners around the room.

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Section Analysis Diagram
3 2 1
The community room is designed intentionally to avoid the direct penetration of sunlight to the users to
reduce the damage of UV ray to their eyes while resting. However, the fire wall from the fire staircase at
the front has blocked off most of the natural lights, the only source of natural lighting is through the
skylight from the center atrium that located next to the open reading space. Artificial lighting needs to be
incorporated to provide a sufficient amount of light to enable the activities in the space to be carried out
as light is essential for the users when they are reading, playing games or watching television.

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4.0 References
MS1525
Philips. (n.d.). Retrieved November 29, 2016, from
http://www.lighting.philips.com/main/home
Lighting | Eco solutions | Business | Panasonic Global. (n.d.). Retrieved November 29, 2016, from
http://panasonic.net/ecosolutions/lighting/
Lighting Materials for Simulation. (n.d.). Retrieved November 29, 2016,
from http://lightingmaterials.com/

Project 2 Lighting Analysis

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