In creating a design one of the components which interact is the Art Elements The elements and principles of design are flexible and should be interpreted within the context of current fashion. A design can be defined as an arrangement of lines, shape, colors and texture that create a visual image. The principles of design are the rates that govern how elements are combined. The elements are therefore the raw materials that must be combined successfully.  The principles of design are useful in creating different forms of expression in an artistic manner, which are pleasing and attractive to the eye.

2. In creating a design one of the components which interact is the Art
Elements The elements and principles of design are flexible and should be
interpreted within the context of current fashion. A design can be defined as
an arrangement of lines, shape, colors and texture that create a visual image.
The principles of design are the rates that govern how elements are
combined. The elements are therefore the raw materials that must be
combined successfully.

3. Line
Form
Shape
Texture
Color

4. Line
Lines within a garment are created by darts seams and decorative details.
Each kind of line produces its own special effect. Straight line’s and shapes
denote force and strength and have a masculine quality; curved lines are the
lines of nature, they are gracefully and gives a feminine effect. Lines are the
greatest devices of fashion designers. Since lines create illusion of height
and width, they can be used to one’s requirement to tone down or
exaggerate a particular figure type.

5. Form
It is an object having three dimensions like length, width and depth. The
human body is a form and by viewing it analytically, its various
perspectives are revealed. The human form changes visually with
clothing, especially as fashion changes.

6. Shape
When you wear clothes you want to look fashionable and be presenting the best
of yourself. Everyone is made different, their body shapes different but a certain
categorization is needed to successfully design fashion garments. The most
important body shape as per these categorizations are Rectangle, triangle,
inverted triangle, oval, square, round and hourglass.
It has been observed that an easy fitting shape of the garment is easily accepted
and largely varies as well as has longevity of stay; where as a tight fitting
garment is generally short lived since it is suitable to only perfect figure types. It
is therefore advisable that the designer chooses an easy silhouette to keep on
creating for a longer duration.

7. Texture
As texture is the feel, drape and degree of stiffens and softness of the fabric,
it also creates a visual effect upon the wearer, given a small swatch of fabric,
the designer can visualize the texture and the fall of fabric which helps him to
design further.

8. Color
Color is the first thing you notice about a garment. The value ( lightness or darkness)
and intensity of color (brightness or dullness) used, the proportion of different colors
used, colors of the accessories used, where the colors are placed all are very
important in the fashion designing process as the first impression of anything is
important.
Basically, colors are classified as warm and cool colors and then black and white. The
designers use colors to create illusions of size, light etc. For eg. Dark and dull colors
can create an illusion of distance. Bright colors make a dress appear bigger in size
than a dark colored one.
Effective color schemes are used to enhance the look of the garment. Some colors
are deemed as fashionable during different fashion cycles and the fashion designers.

9. The principles of design are useful in creating different forms of
expression in an artistic manner, which are pleasing and attractive to
the eye. Following are the principles of designing
Balance
Emphasis
Harmony
Proportion
Rhythm

10. Balance
In clothing balance refers to a visual attribution of weight, from a central
area. Balance implies a sense of equilibrium. Pleasing balance brings
about a satisfying relationship among all design parts to produce visual
harmony. In clothing designs, three kinds of balance are observed.

12. Formal Balance
It is also known as formal balance. Formal balance occurs when an object
appears equal by repetition in an arrangement of elements of design.
Symmetrical balance applications of balance, for example, a straight hemline
are the norm, but asymmetrical balance can be effective too. In the past
several years, asymmetrical necklines have achieved popularity.

13. Informal Balance
Asymmetrical balances called as informal balance. Informal balance occurs
when an object appears unequal by repetition in an arrangement of elements of
design. Asymmetrical balance is more complex and trickier to achieve than
symmetrical balance. For example, a one-shoulder gown might look interesting
with its asymmetrical neckline, but a jacket with one lapel larger than the other
would just look bad.

14. Occurs when major parts of the design radiate from the central part. Formal balance is
the least expensive to produce apparel in mass production. Informally balanced
garment is more difficult to produce. For each section of the garment cuts will have to
be probably handled differently.
Radial Balance

15. Emphasis
Emphasis involves the concentration of interest in the selected area of
design with other centre of interest subordinated. Emphasis as such,
should not be placed at an area that one wishes to minimize attention
drawn on. Designers often create emphasis partially though the careful
arrangement of line, texture and colours. It could also be called as focal
point. Each design needs some note of interest that catches the eye or
attracts the attention on a specific area of the garment. Contrasting
colour for example could be used to emphasize an area.

16. Harmony
Harmony otherwise called unity. If the principle of proportion, balance, rhythm and
emphasis are applied creatively, the resultant design is said to have the harmony. Unity
means that all elements of the design work together to produce a successful visual effects.
If anyone of the principles is not applied the resulting design will also lack harmony
which means; if the principle of structural/decorative design with balanced proportion and
quantitative and qualitative emphasis creating a rhythm of its own, give an outcome of
harmony of unity. It is a result or an achievement which every designer should keep in
mind while designing or drawing or arranging various elements or design for
achieving/creating particular purpose of design. Lack of application of any one principles
of design, will result in a design which is not harmonious or not in harmony.

17. Proportion
Proportion is the feeling of unity created when all parts (sizes, amounts, or number) relate well
with each other. When drawing the human figure, the proportion can refer to the size of the
head compared to the rest of the body. The proportion in art is the comparative harmonious
relationship between two or more elements in a composition with respect to size, color,
quantity. Proportion is usually not even noticed until something is out of proportion. When the
relative size of two elements being compared seems wrong, or out of balance, it is said to be
“out of proportion”. For example, if a person has a head larger than their entire body, then we
would say that they were out of proportion. A good proportion is often determined by a rule
called “Golden Mean” which was developed by Greek mathematicians.

18. Rhythm
Rhythm is created when one or more elements of design are used repeatedly to create a
feeling of organized movement. Rhythm creates a mood like music or dancing. To keep
rhythm exciting and active, variety is essential. Rhythm can be achieved through the
combination of lines, shape, colour and texture by the following aspects in designing.
1. By regular repeats or trims,(button etc.,) texture, and fabric design and
prints.
2. Progression or radiation in sizes of trims, colours textures and fabric
designs.
3. Radiation or movement from the central point occurring within structural
details such as gathers, folds, tucks darts etc.
4. Continuous flowing lines such as those in bonds of colours, textures and
fabric designs.