Comparing The Bombing Of Nagasaki And Hiroshima

Comparing The Bombing Of Nagasaki And Hiroshima
The bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima was ultimately necessary in order to secure peace and to
mark the end of World War II. The actions taken by the Allies were necessary and crucial in order to
secure peace, as the Japanese had adopted a no surrender policy, a part of the Bushido code and the
ongoing conflict could have caused unpredictable events, leading to possible worse outcomes. As
the Japanese adopted a No Surrender policy, which stems back to the Ancient times of The Samurai
with the Bushido code. The Bushido code involved loyalty, courage, veracity, compassion, and
honour. This has been integrated into Japanese society which meant that the likelihood of Japanese
Surrender was minimal. This meant that there was no other choice for
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Nuclear Warfare And Fear Of Nuclear Weapons
The cold war is a state of political and military tension that developed primarily between powers in
the Western Bloc, the United States and Eastern Bloc, and USSR after the World War Two. The
rivalry between the USA and the Soviet Union brought in mutual suspicions, increased tension, and
a couple of international incidents that resulted in a brink of disaster among the world's
superpowers. The Cold War and its consequences left an unfading legacy of popular culture,
especially in media featuring themes of nuclear espionage and fear of nuclear warfare. Nuclear
weapons have both advantages and disadvantages; however, many people in the society fear a
possible warfare.
Nuclear weapons are explosive devices that get their destructive force ... Show more content on
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People can survive but later may face numerous complications. Besides, it leads to miscarriage by
pregnant women, slow healing and also to damaged immune system. The long–term impacts are
radiation–induced cancer that often affects very many people for a very long period (Bell & Miller,
2013).
Analysis of the Films and how They Depict Nuclear War
On the Beach (1959) is a film that depicts a nuclear war and its consequences but has no blame on
the war starters. There is imagined annihilation of humans on earth and slow poisoning of the
remaining humankind by radioactive activities from a nuclear war. Death and annihilation of
humankind are the great menaces lurking behind the characters in the film. Specifically, the motion
picture has majored its concern on human life. People usually go to any length to safeguard their
life, but eventually, their final days come upon them. An American captain is in disbelieving that his
wife and children are dead. Love for one's family is depicted by the captain and he is left lonely and
very sorrowful. Life is brought as a very priceless treasure, and humans are responsible of doing
everything possible to ensure it is safe from annihilation. The Australian government arranges on
how its citizens will end issues quickly before the prolonged suffering from radiation by use of
suicide pills. The

The Nuclear Warfare And Weapons
Handling Nuclear Warfare and Weaponry Just over seventy years ago, there were two cities, both
filled with people of differing opinions and ideas. There were many buildings, factories, and
families, all interacting and being together, yet in just a matter of seconds, all this life was destroyed.
A feat such as this could have only been thought of in fairy tales and legends, but here it found itself
in reality. Two small objects filled with plutonium 239 and uranium 235 incarcerated two whole
cities almost instantly. This was known as the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. It was forever
ingrained in human history. Ever since political figures and government leaders have been trying
desperately to make sure a devastating event like such could never happen to their country. It has
been successful so far, but the general consensus is that nuclear weapons should never have been an
option. Of course, to uninvent nuclear weapons is impossible, so different theories and opinions on
how nuclear weapons should be handled were formed. One main strategy, called deterrence, is the
idea that the threat of destruction from nuclear weapons is so frightening that they, themselves can
be used to discourage countries from using them or even going to war with each other. The other
main strategy is called non–proliferation. This is the effort of destroying all nuclear weapons, thus
destroying the chance of such mass destruction. This idea, while optimal is not probable, and so

Nuclear Weapons And The Development Of Nuclear Warfare Essay
Nuclear weapons are the most powerful and destructive technology ever created. From the first
notion that nuclear technology could be harnessed to create a bomb, massive amounts of time and
energy (as well as government funding) have been invested in further increasing the destructive
yield of nuclear weapons. The process of development was carried out independently by
governments worldwide. Despite the segregation of groups of scientists and secrecy surrounding
their discoveries, design strategies and problems remained basically the same in all development
projects with similar solutions being realized more or less concurrently. The first and most basic
fission bomb quickly evolved to produce higher and higher yields. Through ... Show more content
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When the fissionable material is large enough and dense enough the rate of neutron escape from its
surface is so low that it becomes a "critical mass". Once the fissionable material reaches this state a
self–sustaining reaction can occur. At this point in an atomic bomb, via various mechanisms,
neutrons are introduced to the critical mass causing the chain reaction to begin and the bomb to
explode.
As simple as the concepts may seem, there are a number of complex problems standing in the way
of constructing an atomic bomb. First, one must be sure to keep the fissionable material in a
subcritical state before detonation. Background neutrons from radioactive isotopes and spontaneous
fission would be devastating if the critical mass was already assembled inside the weapon. In all
likelihood, the weapon would detonate an imperceptible amount of time after the critical mass was
formed (obviously contrary to the goals of producing nuclear weapons in the first place). Second,
one needs to assemble the fissionable material into the critical state while making sure it doesn't
come into contact with any neutrons. Third, neutrons must be introduced when the material is
assembled in the most optimally critical configuration. In summary, a feasible weapon requires an
effective means of producing a critical state within the fissionable material and initiating the fission
reaction precisely when this optimal state occurs. Two

Nuclear Warfare Between The Soviet Union And The Cold War
"The most terrifying moment in my life was October 1962, during the Cuban Missile Crisis...." The
Cuban Missile Crisis was started by the tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States,
which shaped Communist Cuba; this was the brink of nuclear warfare between both sides that left its
effects on both the world and the sides involved. The United States and Soviet Union were both
involved in the Cold War, especially when tensions between the two reached a new high. As
tensions were rising the island of Cuba decided to become a Communist nation that would trade
nuclear weaponry. The trading would almost cause all out nuclear warfare, but it was solved leaving
its own effects on the world. The Cold War would be a major contributing ... Show more content on
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Since combat was scarce, the war was mostly fought through propaganda, economic aid to other
allies, military aid to other allies, political overthrow, and an arms race build up. These contributing
factors made the Cold War "cold", although "hot war" features would soon set in.
As tensions rose between the United States and the Soviet Union, the once "Cold War" became
"hot." Factors that contributed to rising tensions were political shifts and confrontations between the
U.S. and the Soviet Union. Both superpowers had global connections with other nations, which
made local conflicts a big part of the Cold War. In many of these local conflicts the United States
and its allies supported one side, while the Soviet Bloc supported the other. This allowed the two
superpowers to confront each other indirectly instead of head to head. In 1949, China was overrun
by Communist forces, which scared the U.S. because of the domino theory. The domino theory
stated that once one nation fell to Communism many more would follow like the falling of
dominoes. During this time, many European colonies sought the help of either superpower to help
them gain their independence. This is how the Cold War became very "hot." In many battles for
independence, shooting wars broke out between the two sides, which included the two superpowers.
In some places the brutal conflicts tore the

Governments Should Put Forward Legislations Eradicate The...
Governments should put forward legislations to eradicate the production and stockpile of nuclear
weapons. There are several compelling reasons for why nuclear weapons being no longer needed.
One example is nuclear weapons only put up an unnecessary wall between nations as trade grows to
more global scales. While legislation would take much negotiation, public support, and time, it
would be worth it in the long run. Nuclear weapons have made an infamous impact a negative
impact on humanity from their beginning. On August 6th, 1945, the atomic bomb was dropped on
Hiroshima, Japan. Killing an initial 80,000 people and taking around 10,000 in the tollowing weeks
from wounds and radiation posioning, nuclear weapons made their strength known to the world
(History.com 2009). Atomic bombs proved to be a much more efficient means of warfare; ground
invasion and the casualties accompanying it were no longer required because bombs could be
delivered via missile or plane. The downside of this efficiency is rather clear: nuclear weapons have
the power to end the world. On several occasions, complete nuclear warfare almost took place. In
order to be brief, a list of these occasions is: the Cuban Missile Crisis, the 1979 NORAD Computer
Glitch, the 1983 Nuclear False Alarm, and the Able Archer 83 Exercise (Andrews 2013). All of
these mishaps were due to misunderstandings or errors on a human's part. If humans are unable to
properly control and care for nuclear weapons, should they have the

Hiroshima And Nagasaki, Japan, And Japan
On August 6th and 9th; the American military leadership dropped two atomic hydrogen bombs in
Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan; in an attempt to expedite the end of a war that consumed the world.
It was then, on these days that a small few experienced; while the whole world watched as utter
destruction unfold as the two bombs did what they were created to do, decimate the Japanese
resolve. A resolve that shook and intimated the most courageous of convictions, a resolve that
ushered a generation of willing kamikaze fighters; it was these fighters that embodied the essence of
Japanese spirit. It was this spirit that overwhelmed others to act and drop a bomb that was not only
physically damaging but psychologically effective. President Truman of ... Show more content on
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To explore the difference in conventional and nuclear weapons, and how this drastic change of
warfare directly manipulates psychology on a level distinct from previous weapons, utilizing a
different aspect of war. Realizing the historical significance of the development of nuclear warfare,
and it how it changed World War II through psychological warfare.
Hiroshima, a military stronghold in Japan during 1945 was a prime target for any military airstrike;
along with Nagasaki, a naval and industrial port vital to the Japanese war effort. An image on the
reasoning behind why American leadership chose to bomb these two cities start to form. The
Committee under President Truman at the time realized the tremendous advantages to targeting
these two locations, "We believed that our attacks had struck cities which must certainly be
important to the Japanese military leaders, both Army and Navy..." (Malloy 19). Outlining the
necessary surrender conditions upon Japan, July 28 the Potsdam ultimatum was issued to the
Premier of Japan, and dutifully rejected. The plans were set and the options weighted, August 6th
rolled around and the order was given. Over the intercom around 7:09 the American scouting plane
reports "Fair weather, ready for air raid" (Ishikawa and Swain 21); by 7 am the Japanese citizens and
workers were preparing for a traditional air raid as the Japanese spots the plane above. A similar
scene occurs during

The Debate On Nuclear Warfare
Nuclear Arms
By: Debansh Sahoo
In recent weeks/reports, North Koreas leader has threatened to wage war against the Americans. He
made the statement "We will tear Americans to pieces, I don't care what it takes even we will use
nuclear weapon's". This brings alarm to the United States Nuclear policy and how they tolerate
nuclear weapons from other countries. Should the United States tell all the countries who currently
or are researching nuclear weapons dispose all their research. The debate continues as Prime
Minister of Israel came in to talk to the congress about Obamas nuclear policy again. Should we
keep our nuclear weapons or dispose all of them by making all the other countries who have these
weapon's to dispose theirs too. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is basically (nuclear weapon's) that gave the United States the World Power that it is today.
Many people still ask the question why do we still need these nukes or killers as they are often
referred to as? They think that we (Americans) already have enough nuclear resources and what is
the point of continuing to produce/develop them if there is no use to them and it practically wastes
money for the countries that use/produce them. That money could be used to develop many other
things in the country. But the American population is spilt minded, there is one side of the American
people who think nuclear weapons are killers but then there is another side that who look at them as
life saviors. I think everyone agrees that you could not put a value of human life. But nuclear
weapons don't value life. There has always been a purpose for nuclear resources, which is
destruction. Everybody hears the statistics about the United States having enough nuclear weapons
to blow the world up three times. This may be true, however as technology reaches new heights so
do weapons and you can bet other countries are not settling for the weapons they already posses.
They are always searching for more powerful weapons at any costs. If we were to stop the
production of nuclear weapons we would be alone in that effort. When we have people like Kim
Jong UN in the world, which we always will, we need the protection that only nuclear weapons can

The Nuclear Crisis Of Hiroshima And Hiroshima
Let us first consider each text's portrayal of the nuclear meltdown at Grafenrheinfeld. While both
texts draw parallels between nuclear accidents and nuclear warfare, Pausewang's emphasis on the
latter highlights a Cold War era fear of intentional nuclear annihilation. Consider, for example, how
the survivors of the Grafenrheinfeld disaster are publicly called "Hibakusha," a direct reference to
the survivors of the 1945 nuclear bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima. This name, according to
Natalie Eppelsheimer, "suggests...no difference between the dangers of civilian and military nuclear
policy: surviving victims of radiation of a nuclear disaster must live with the same consequences as
the surviving victims of an atomic bomb" (23 my translation). Thus, both texts emphasise how
civilian use of nuclear technology carries many of the dangers of military use. But while Hage's text
is content with this association, Pausewang's proceeds still further: "the refugees after the [Second
World] War were seen just as unfavourably [as Grafenrheinfeld's survivors]," explains one
Hibakusha to another, "[e]ven though they weren't radioactive" (92). Here, Die Wolke explicitly
equates the threats of nuclear disaster and warfare, and indeed combines them into an implied threat
of nuclear holocaust: after Hiroshima, warfare is as potentially deadly as a nuclear disaster, and via
Hitler or Chernobyl, each has come to Germany in the last fifty years. Of course, Pausewang is not
alone in drawing this

The Negative Effects Of Nuclear Weapons And The Human...
On August 6, 1945, the first of two atomic bombs used during World War II was dropped on
Hiroshima, Japan. Some 70,000 to 80,000 people, of whom 20,000 were soldiers or around 30% of
the population of Hiroshima. Nuclear warfare is a very dangerous threat to the human environment
and to the humans who inhabit the land. Nuclear weapons are just to show other countries and
people how strong you are. Nuclear warfare can claim millions of lives, millions.Nuclear weapons
are for terror and mass destruction and have no legitimate military or strategic use and are useless in
right now addressing today's situations, such as terrorism, climate change, and poverty. Nuclear
warfare is the unethical thing to do, nuclear warfare affects the environment, affects the health of the
animals who inhabit the planet, and costs a great deal of money on the government.
Nuclear warfare affects the health of humans and animals. Nuclear warfare effects humans and
animals health. According to the "Effects of Nuclear Earth–Penetrator" and Other Weapons.When a
nuclear warhead hits it unleashes a cascade of five massively destructive effects like an
electromagnetic pulse, a thermal wave, a radiation burst and a radiation fallout(National Research
Council,4). An Electromagnetic pulse wave kills all electronic devices within the blast radius, a
thermal wave releases a temperature of 10 million degrees. Anything in that blast radius is literally
incinerated. This blast also releases a huge wind that

The Problem Of Nuclear Warfare
In 2014, 32 658 innocent people died in five third world countries do to terrorism, 6 531 of these
people died because of aiding countries missile attacks to help prevent terrorism. These developing
countries have lots of conflicts within their own country and with others. When more developed
countries get involved, more innocent people get killed. Once one developed country gets involved,
more countries will get involved to help, so the war gets bigger, and these countries that are at war
could decide to go to nuclear warfare. The evidence shows, that in third world countries, innocent
people are at risk. According to Frances Stewart from the National Center for Biotechnology
Information (NCBI): "8 out of 10 of the world's poorest countries are suffering, or have recently
suffered, from large scale violent conflict"
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1122271/). These countries weren't helped by their
more developed allies. Their allies came in to their country, and got the country they were trying to
help in more trouble. If the developed countries like the U.S., doesn't leave the Middle–East, the
countries that they are in to get oil don't have a very nice future. "After WWII countries have been
attacked number of times so that the U.S. could get oil"
(www.alternativeinsight.com/Foreign_Policy_Failures.html#Middle–East). The men who go to war
in these third world countries are normally uneducated men, trying to protect their war of life, "In
these countries,

The Pros And Cons Of Nuclear Warfare
Nuclear Warfare is possible at any given time during this time period. With all the technology we
have these days, different countries could build bombs and start a third world war. Different nations
don't know what other nations can do with the technology. Everybody seems to fear nuclear warfare
because it can release high levels of radiation, that removes electrons from atoms and can change
people's DNA. Even though America is on the verge of nuclear warfare with Korea, neither of the
country's know whether the other country is actually bluffing or actually making a threat to send off
a nuclear bomb enough to, destroy the whole country. But Nuclear warfare is described as a military
conflict or political strategy in which it is used to inflict damage to the intended country.
During nuclear warfare, when a bomb hits the ground, the bomb releases' radiation. There are three
different types of radiation; alpha, beta, and gamma. Nuclear Fission is when a heavy, unstable
nucleus into two lighter nuclei. Nuclear Fusion is the process when two lighter nuclei combine to
release a vast amount of energy. Stable Nuclei are nuclei that are stable because it has an even
amount of protons and neutrons. Unstable nuclei are nuclei that are unstable because it does not
have an even amount of neutrons and protons.
Nuclear warfare is actually beneful and good because it keeps from having a war. One of the reasons
that we haven't had World War Three is due to nuclear weapons are a

Reflective Speech
Libby Streeton– Irrational thinking is common in a nuclear war, right? Why did I expect Fin and
Max would change their minds? I begged them through a river of tears to stay with me. But that was
not enough. I can't adjust to reality, watching their lanky bodies fade in the distance keeps reminding
me of the fate of their lives. Max is only 12, too young to witness violent and unforgiving deaths of
innocent citizens. What happens if I never see them again? I assumed I was doing right but
apparently, what I think is right is wrong. I am only just beginning to realise what has just happened.
They are gone. My two young boys are gone forever. I have hugged them for the final time. They
risked their lives to find me. But I couldn't do the same. I'm stuck in a half broken down office
building in the middle of a deserted city and I can't leave because too many people rely on me to
stay here and help. Inhale. Exhale. I keep thinking about what my life is like now, and right now I
feel it is hopeless. I am isolated, sitting in a patrolled corner of an office, trying to deal with this
absolute shit of a situation. I'm a failure of a mother to let my children out of my sight and endanger
themselves by going out onto the deserted streets to find a group of people that may or may not even
exist. I had the chance to keep them here, but I lost it just as easily. Today is not the day to judge
Greg on his decisions as a parent, but what sort of a father deserts his sons and runs after a girl he's
just met? Bad parenting if you ask me... I wish I knew sooner that he just walked out on them, I'm
not one to judge and I'm certainly not the ideal mother but that was immature. If only Greg and I
were on better terms, I mean both of us being the adults were childish to let down the boys, I'm
disappointed in the both of us. I know in my heart, I couldn't stay with a man I no longer loved,
neither could I cheat on him. Leaving him suited me but broke max and fin. But I didn't care, did I?
I mean as long as they have money life is complete. Why Libby, why? I could have and should have
made an effort to visit. I'm a hypocritical person, to blame all the reasons why the boys are now
abounded in a shopping centre on Greg and his childish

World War 3 1983 :
World War 3 1983
Written by Mikhyl Patel
This report will cover how the world as we know it almost ended in 1983 and was saved by one
man, Stanislav Petrov. It will also cover whether or not the decision he made, no matter what the
outcome, was the right one to make.
1 Introduction
Stanislav Yevgrafovich Petrov, once lieutenant colonel of the Soviet Air Defence Forces. On
September 26, 1983, he was the duty officer at the command center for the Oko nuclear early–
warning system. This was a tense period for Russia and the US since it was during the second cold
war and when there was heated tension between both countries.
2 The case
Stanislav's job was to register any missile strikes and to report them to the Soviet military and ...
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September 1983, a few weeks before the missile warnings, a civilian Korean air lines flight 007 with
269 passengers was shot down by a Soviet interceptor aircraft. This was including Larry McDonald,
a US congressman.
October 1983, The US forces invade the Caribbean island of Grenada in an attempt to overthrow the
Marxist military government, expel Cuban troops and more relevantly, abort the construction of a
Soviet funded airstrip.
All of these events added to the friction between the US and Soviet Union even though it was during
the end of the cold wars and many agreements had been made between the two countries.
2.2 The Incident
Stanislav Petrov was the officer on duty at the Serpukhov–15 bunker near Moscow which housed
the command center of the Soviet early warning satellites also known as Oko. His responsibilities
included observing the early warning network and notifying his superiors of any impending nuclear

missile attack against the Soviet Union.
Shortly after midnight, the bunkers computers reported that one intercontinental ballistic missile was
heading toward the Soviet Union from the US. Petrov considered the detection of the missile a
computer error, since a nuclear attack by the US would most likely involve hundreds of missile
launches, disabling the Soviet's means of a counterattack. He dismissed the warning as a false alarm.
Petrov decided not to inform his superiors of the alarm at the time.
Later, the computers identified

Examples Of Nuclear Warfare In Night By Elie Wiesel
Nuclear Warfare In today's society, Kim Jong–un of North Korea is a feared dictator in the aspect of
nuclear warfare. Although he says he has the "nuclear button" on his desk at all times, this is more of
a scare tactic than a nuclear threat on the United States. Throughout different regions of the world,
beginning in 1896 (Blow 12), nuclear warfare research began, resulting in the drop of the first
atomic bomb during World War II in 1945 (Blow 104). In the book Night by Elie Wiesel, the village
of Sighet was evacuated and taken to many different concentration camps (Wiesel 36). Elie and his
father, split from the rest of their family, needed to fight to stay healthy in order to keep working
instead of being exterminated. Throughout the torture and hardships they faced, Elie continued to
ask whether God was with him or not, and why he allowed torture among innocents. As the men's
health deteriorated, Elie needed surgery on his foot and his father slyly passed several selections as
they made their journey to their final destinations (Wiesel 74). They witnessed many horrific ...
The author or main character, Elie Wiesel, is from Europe, so he did not experience the first atomic
bomb drop on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan. However, in both texts, The History of the Atomic
Bomb and "Nuclear War Tactics and NATO," the main characters are involved in certain situations
associated with nuclear warfare, and experience the creation of the first atomic bomb. While Emilio
Segre, Otto Hahn, and Neils Bohr created it, according to The History of the Atomic Bomb, Colonel
Paul W. Tibbets Jr. was the first to drop it (Blow 103). "Nuclear War Tactics and NATO" discussed
past scenarios based on the atomic bomb, as well as the fact that NATO is still deciding the future of
nuclear warfare. Night, however, does not discuss any nuclear warfare information, while the other
texts focus on this one

The Crench Revolution And The French Revolution
The French Revolution (1789) introduced great social and political changes. In the European
warfare it incorporated significant changes; rather than monarch against monarch, war became a
fight between nations, namely nationalism. Intense nationalism influenced citizens to accept great
personal sacrifice, included military service, for the commitments and objectives of the State. The
Napoleonic model, epitomized in the writings of Jomini and Clausewitz, masterly managed the rise
of nationalism to succeed in warfare. Perfectly applied the Clausewitz's trinity: "the first of these
three as¬pects [violence] mainly concerns the peo¬ple; the second [chance] the commander and his
army; the third [rational purpose] the government." In the advent of the First World War (WWI), the
huge increase of the European industries supposed a vast growth in iron and steel production.
Moreover, the technological advances in explosive shells and artillery, the improvements in
communications, and the steady professionalization of armies and their leaders posed radical
changes to the character of war. Although firepower and technology contribute to the carnage and
the calamitous number of fatalities, the nature of the war continued unchanged. The interwar period,
military strategists sought to find an approach that would avoid a repetition of the bloody trench
stalemate in the First World War. Many of them recognized the potential of armored warfare. J.F.C.
Fuller claimed that the tank could

The Japanese War Of Japan
The Japanese would stop at nothing to win, the Japanese soldiers fought for the sake of honoring
their emperor, a foreign concept to the Americans. This "suicidal" mentality made the Japanese
difficult foes because they would seldom surrender and were dangerous from a psychological
standpoint. The value of honor was instilled in the Japanese at a young age and nothing was worse
than being killed by the enemy and dishonoring their country and empire . This inherent Japanese
nature justified why the Japanese seldom used reason when making war time decisions. Although
the Japanese were in dire straits they initially showed no intention of surrendering. Not using the
atomic bomb would have forced the United States to launch a full invasion of Japan's home islands,
and this would have killed far more people than Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The March 1945
firebombing of Tokyo alone killed some 120,000 Japanese . Therefore, it would reasonable to accept
that a full scale invasion could have easily resulted in more than 200 thousand fatalities. Since Japan
is an island it made it a relatively easy target of a blockade by the United States. They could easily
shut off trade routes. That meant that approximately 80 million Japanese civilians, many of whom
were innocent would have died of starvation given that the conflict was prolonged. The Atomic
bombs ultimately gave the Japanese leaders an excuse to surrender. Without the "atomic excuse",
Japan's leaders would have ordered that the

The Benefits of Dropping an Atomic Bomb on Japan Essay
Angelina Jolie said, "Without pain, there would be no suffering, without suffering we would never
learn from our mistakes. To make it right, pain and suffering is the key to windows, without it, there
is no way of life." On August 6, 1945 the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, a small city
whose death toll rises to 90,000–166,000. On August 9th, a second bomb was dropped on Nagasaki,
60,000–80,000 . In total, 15 million people lost their lives during the duration of the Second World
War. In John Hersey's book, Hiroshima, he provides a detailed account of six people and how the
bombing of Hiroshima affected their lives. John Heresy felt it was important to focus his story on
six individuals to create a remembrance that war affects more ... Show more content on
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Though people questioned why acts of war were committed, they found justification in rationalizing
that it served the greater good. As time evolved, the world began to evolve in its thinking and view
of the atomic bomb and war. In Hiroshima, John Hersey has a conversation with a survivor of the
atomic bomb about the general nature of war. "She had firsthand knowledge of the cruelty of the
atomic bomb, but she felt that more notice should be given to the causes than to the instruments of
total war." (Hersey, 122). In John Hersey's book, many concepts are discussed. The most important
concept for the reader to identify was how society viewed the use of the bomb. Many people,
including survivors, have chosen to look past the bomb itself, into the deeper issues the bomb
represents. The same should apply to us. Since WWII, we have set up many restrictions, protocols
and preventions in the hope that we could spare our society from total nuclear war. The world has
benefited in our perspective of the bomb because we learned, understand, and fear the use of atomic
weapons. The dropping of the atomic bomb has been significant in understanding the long term
effects that radiation has on the body. It was important that the bomb be used in order for our society
to comprehend the repercussions of nuclear warfare. In the book Hiroshima, a survivor named Rev.
Kiyoshi Tanimoto briefly describes a commission set up by the United States

Research Paper On Abstract Expressionism
Abstract Expressionism In the early fifties, the United States witnessed the emergence of the
hydrogen bomb and Miltown sedatives, a Cold War repression and consumerism began to shape the
post–war society. In this unshaped world, the abstract expressionists materialized their desperate
striving for spontaneity, freedom and the re–discovery of self and the human context. Their
romantic, anti–capitalist hope, with all its weaknesses and contradictions, was telling them that the
values embedded in their art could overcome the artistic concept and transform society. Behind this
impulsive energy, there was the rigorous life choice, which required a total commitment. Pollock's
words perfectly described this tendency "Painting is my whole life." It is hard to imagine a greater
contrast for the cowardly cynicism of the postmodern art world. American abstract expressionists
didn't want to conform to the ruling political and social ethos – Newman, Rothko and Adolph
Gotlieb were convicted anarchists. Abstract expressionism, also known as the heroic abstraction,
New York school, gestural painting and action painting was the last big attack of postmodernism on
the ruling culture, the end of painting as the symbol of opposition and breakthrough. ... Show more
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but outside, as well. The U.S. government grasped the opportunity to use its unique style as a
representation of American democracy, uniqueness, and cultural openness. During the Cold War
period, the U.S. government promoted and financed international exhibitions of Abstract
Expressionism as a means of political marketing. Either they tried (unsuccessfully) to follow in the
footsteps of the pioneers, like DeKooning and Pollock and their authenticity, many artists found it
difficult to pertain to the metaphysical concept of the abstract expressionism in a society overtaken
by consumerism, economic boom, and development of mass

Analysis Of Oryx And Crake Atwood
Fictional literature is often more intriguing than real life, this is especially true for apocalyptic
literature. Apocalyptic narratives are exciting and thought–provoking as they typically contain a
catastrophic event which threatens humanity and in the process reveals aspects of the human
potential. In the novel Oryx and Crake Atwood reveals the potential humans have to bring about
their extinction. In the novel Crake causes an apocalyptic event by attempting to remove the human
race in the hopes the world would rebuild to a better and stronger community. For Crake, this belief
was strong enough to kill almost every human on the planet. This narrative makes for a great story,
but it is not exclusive to fiction. Real life can sometimes come close to the haunting narrations of
apocalyptic novels. For example, the preacher Jim Jones brought about a catastrophic event for his
congregation when he coerced his follower to commit revolutionary suicide. He convinced his
people dying for socialism and equality would prove to the world it needed to change. This event
revealed a great deal about the human potential that some may have only thought was possible with
fictional stories. Although Jim Jones and Crake have many differences, they have a number of
similarities including their developed god complex, their apocalyptic visions of the future, and their
misguided beliefs their actions would save the world.
A god complex is a distorted sense of entitlement and perceived

Should Nuclear Weapons Necessary?
There can be no universal answer to this question; nation states have differing security concerns and
strategies of response, therefore we need to consider 'for whom are nuclear weapons necessary? And
for what purpose?' This essay will assess how effective a nuclear deterrence truly is against a variety
of threats, including its weaknesses against unconventional threats such as terrorism, but also how
nuclear weapons reduce the likelihood of major inter–state warfare. It is important to contemplate
moral arguments, including how nuclear weapons struggle to fit with the concept of just war, and the
simple fact that countries utilise them demonstrates their necessity. Although countries may strive to
make decisions based on morality, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
John Yoder argues that just war cannot simply act as a checklist to determine what decisions should
be made in war – more prudential factors need to be considered. Oliver O'Donovan further
elaborates on this argument by introducing the argument that, although the design of nuclear
weapons seems to provide immediate evidence of indiscriminate intention, it is actually "the
exercising party that is morally governing" as any weapon can be used indiscriminately. These
arguments show that from a purely moral standpoint it is difficult to justify nuclear weapons;
although nuclear weapons do not fit with the concept of just war, the fact that states are willing to
adopt them shows either that these states do not value the concept of just war, or that the necessity to
possess these weapons overpowers the ideals of just war. This shows that nuclear weapons provide
an effect for which countries are willing to put aside their moral preferences; highlighting that there
must be an underlying necessity for nuclear weapons in the 21st century. It is essential to now
explore what that effect is.
The consequentialist argument for nuclear deterrence shows it to be morally required, whereas the
deontological argument shows it to be morally prohibited. Due to this moral dilemma, one must
consider prudential arguments for the use of nuclear weapons. The main factor for governments to
consider is whether or not nuclear deterrence provides significant

Negative Effects Of Nuclear Weapons
Nuclear deterrence can prevent countries from beginning conflicts. "Deterrence, moreover, has the
ring of benign intent: an intention merely to discourage aggression, to preserve order, to keep violent
conflict at bay." Since nuclear weapons had the ability to destroy vast amounts of land very quickly,
nations and their enemies were hesitant to cause a large–scale conflict since the retaliation would be
just as harmful. "The cost of nuclear use will always outweigh any conceivable gains." Using
nuclear weapons would cause too much damage to be beneficial to nations unless there was simply
no other choice. The potential damage of nuclear weapons caused a dramatic change in warfare.
"Unlike tanks or aircraft, the impact of nuclear weapons on international security is mainly about
ideas. To a considerable extent, nuclear military power is a thinking experiment, and nuclear war a
war of thoughts." Strategic warfare produces better results than attacking another country and
harming civilians, and nuclear weapons have been great for peaceful resolutions. Consequently,
after the 1950's, the United States created nuclear alliances with Western European nations to bolster
their security. "The nuclear umbrella provided to allies in Europe and Asia was meant to reassure
them, to leave them less vulnerable to Soviet intimidation, and to prevent them from acquiring the
bomb themselves." They wished to have more protection from European allies to deter a Russian
spread of

Nuclear Warfare : The World And Warfare Were Changed...
Nuclear Warfare: August 6, 1945. The day the world and warfare were changed forever. After the
first nuclear warhead was dropped, humanity was, and will forever be on the brink of destruction. A
single press of a button could end humanity as we know it, bringing total chaos and destruction to
the earth. Nuclear weapons are considered to show the power of a country, have nearly been set off
due to a false alarm, nuclear weapons are vulnerable to cyberterrorism, and if set off will surely
bring an end to the world as we know it. Nuclear weapons show power. The cold war ended over 25
years ago, but over 17,000 nuclear weapons still exist (Helfand, et al.). Nuclear weapons are said to
show the power of a country. Putin has "...boasted about the size of Russia's nuclear arsenal."
(Schlosser). Putin claimed that Russia was, "the only country in the world capable of turning the
USA into radioactive dust" (Schlosser). Statements such as these leads to countries battling over
who has the most nuclear weapons and who has the greatest nuclear weapons. Nuclear war has not
been far off from happening, and nuclear fallout scares are no surprise to world leaders. In 1999
Pakistan mobilized nuclear weapons while at war with India, making it the most significant military
conflict between two nuclear–armed countries. Pakistan and India have other triggers such as attacks
by Islamist militant groups, such as the attacks in 2008 on Mumbai (Helfand, Ira, Junkari, et al.).
North Korea is

Nuclear And Biological Warfare During The Cold War
Throughout the Cold War, the United States Government purposely risked the lives of American
citizens by funding and performing hundreds of nonconsensual experiments on humans. Such
experiments ranged from injections of plutonium into citizens' bloodstream to releasing harmful
bacteria over the city of San Francisco. Motivated by the threat of nuclear and biological warfare
from the Soviet Union, these experiments were performed to gain a scientific superiority over the
USSR and protect citizens from the effects of possible foreign attacks. One graduate student doing
research in MIT's biology department, Dr. Constantine Maletskos, was selected to work on one of
the government funded experiments. He said, "There were no rules in those days. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The experimentation was then accelerated due to the growing scientific advances of the Soviet
Union. And while the experimentation was unethical, it proved to save many lives through the use of
the standards that were developed. During World War II, the United States Government facilitated a
growth in government–sponsored biomedical research to aid the United States military forces and
establish a scientific superiority over the USSR. When World War II began, so did the expansion of
federally funded medical research in the United States to protect military personnel against injuries,
disease, exposure, and fatigue. This new funding and expansion led to great medical advancements
including vaccines for typhus, cholera, and forms of influenza, treatment for measles and malaria,
and most importantly, penicillin. These advancements established the United States' scientific
superiority as newly developed treatments were made available for both civilian and military use.
Such superiority was crucial in ending the war because it was the United States' superior innovation
and extensive research that inspired the creation of an the atomic bomb that brought about the end of
World War II. Along with the great medical advancements, the Nuremberg Trials brought forth
ethical issues regarding scientific experimentation during World War II. These trials provided the
world with a new code of ethics for experimentation on humans, known as the Nuremberg Code.
This

A Poor Allocation Of Our Nation 's Time And Resources
23.7%. That is how many of 600 randomly surveyed students and staff in an independent study at
PNHS said they "Strongly Agree" that their household is generally prepared for disasters (Witek,
Figure 1). In the modern world, everyday citizens live under constant, and generally ignored, threats
like those of nuclear warfare, international terrorism, cyber attacks, natural disasters, and other
large–scale crises. While we go about our daily lives, these potential events linger and yet the
average US citizen stands under–prepared or entirely unprepared for these harsh realities. Despite
this shocking fact, the US Government continues to focus on defending the country rather than
preparing its population. This document will argue as to why this is a poor allocation of our nation's
time and resources and why programs like Civil Defense, popular and commonplace during the
Cold War, should be brought back into the picture for the preservation of the nation and its people.
Our nation and its population should be educated, prepared and exercised for the harsh realities of
the modern world. Along the lines of large–scale disasters, there are nearly infinite scenarios where
things can go horribly wrong in a matter of minutes and hours, as opposed to months and years.
Nuclear war lingers between the US and North Korea (McConnell/Todd), the tension between
Russia and the US remains higher than ever (Khanal), and revived disputes between India and
Pakistan threaten to ignite warfare

The Doomsday Clock : A Symbolic Representation Of Showing...
At the beginning of Chapter IV, cogs parts appear white on black velvet and then in the next panel
stars are shown resembling the watch parts. This shows that time is forever because the stars that are
seen today have already burnt up and died. Watches, clocks, and time are constantly brought up
within the Watchmen graphic novel . Alan Moore does an exceptional job of showing symbolism
and the illusion of time throughout the novel. Dr. Manhattan, the main character of Chapter IV,
wanted to be a watchmaker, but instead ended up living in a time that may not even truly exist. This
includes the Doomsday clock which symbolizes the coming of an end to time.
A Doomsday clock is a symbolic representation of how close the world is to catastrophic destruction
by nuclear war. At the end of each chapter, a doomsday clock appears that is counting down to
midnight with it first being set to ten minutes to midnight. The doomsday clock serves a purpose as
a symbol for the growing danger and violence in the story. Destruction threatens the world as the
clock strokes closer to midnight. Even though the end is near, the doomsday clock unites the
Watchmen in an attempt to save the world. The blood that starts to appear in chapter III suggests that
blood will be shed in the end, no matter what is done. On page 27 of Chapter XI, a clock in New
York is pictured one minute to midnight. On page 28, the faces of the citizens show pure horror and
fear; at the bottom of the page is nothing. The

Nuclear Warfare During World War II
Abstract In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a relatively new branch of science was emerging:
nuclear science. During World War II, a solution was needed that would quickly resolve the conflict
and experimentation with nuclear weaponry began. When World War II ended, the Cold War began;
a time of hostility between emerging nuclear superpowers of the world. When the Soviets tested
their first nuclear weapon, "RDS–1," in 1948, the United States lost its nuclear monopoly. Now
having a nuclear capable rival, the United States needed a place to continue to develop and
experiment with its nuclear weaponry. This place was none other than the Marshall Islands. In just
12 short years, the United States testes 67 nuclear devices on the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The frequent nuclear testing resulted in a huge loss of biodiversity in and around the Marshall Island
area. Although all atolls (except Enewetak) were declared safe for resettlement in 1997, the Marshall
Islands have still filed a lawsuit against the United States seeking reprisals for the damage they
caused. The case was thrown out by the United States Federal Court and the Republic of the
Marshall Islands is appealing the decision. The future also does not look bright for the Marshall
Islands. Climate change has had a major impact on these islands. The melting of the polar ice caps
threatens to completely submerge the Marshall Islands within the next 50 years as the average height
above sea level is just around 6 feet. The Marshall Islands have had a very rough past and will likely
have a future filled with hardships.
Introduction
At 5:30 AM on July 16, 1945, a hazy overcast New Mexico morning, the history of the world was
forever changed. (7) Code named "Trinity" and nicknamed "The Gadget," the first ever detonation
of a nuclear weapon occurred at Alamogordo Air Force base. (15) The culmination of six years of
experimentation and research of the Manhattan Project had finally paid off. Robert
Oppenheimer(10), coined the "Father of the Atomic Bomb," quoted the Hindu holy book (Bhagavad
Gita) after the groundbreaking test: "If the radiance of a thousand suns were to burst at once into the
sky, that would be like the splendor of the mighty one..." (8) He

Nuclear Warfare And Its Effects On The World
In early August 1945, President Harry Truman approved for two nuclear bombs, uranium–235 and
plutonium–239, made by the United States of America and the United Kingdom, to be dropped on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki bringing the Second World War to an abrupt end. On the first day of the
bombing, each city lost an estimate of at least one half of their population. During the following
months, between 150,000 and more than 246,000 deaths occurred from the effect of burns, radiation
sickness, and other injuries, compounded by illness brought on by the nuclear effects. This is act is
otherwise known as nuclear warfare and with the advancements of modern technology, the extent of
damage is increased while the amount of time it takes for these effects ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is just one example of the many nuclear weapons in the world. Nuclear warfare is caused by a
military conflict or a political strategy in which one uses nuclear weaponry to inflict damage upon
the opponent. Some believe that politicians and military personnel only want to possess nuclear
weapons because of the heightened sense of power and feeling of security. It's scary to think that the
human race is in the hands of the people who own these weapons. The effects of nuclear use can be
divided into four categories: instantaneous, near–immediate, short term, and long term. The heart of
a nuclear explosion reaches temperatures over a several million degree centigrade resulting in a heat
flash over a wide area that vaporizes all human tissue. At Hiroshima, within a radius of half a mile,
the only remains of most of the people caught in the open were their shadows burnt into stone. The
near–immediate effects are the people inside buildings or otherwise shielded, will be indirectly
killed by the blast and heat effects as buildings collapse and all inflammable materials burst into
flames. The immediate death rate will be over 90%. Outside the area of total destruction will be
survivors. However, these survivors will be blinded, suffering from fatal burns, bleeding from glass
splinters, or have suffered massive internal injuries. The death rate will continue to climb since
emergency services would be incapable of responding due to destroyed equipment

Susan Glaspell’s Trifles Essay
The first reading I enjoyed was Susan Glaspell's "Trifles". The main character in the plat is a sheriff,
his wife, the county attorney, and Mr. and Mrs. Hale. The opening scene is all of them in John
Wright's kitchen. Mr. Hale tells the sheriff and attorney how he a visited the house on the day before
day and Mrs. Wright greeted him but her demeanor was little suspicions. She told him that her
husband was upstairs dead. She says she was asleep when someone choked her husband to death.
All the men suspect she is the murderer. While the men look for evidence in the house they criticize
Mrs. Wright's housekeeping skills and that really irritates Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peter, the sheriff's
wife. While the men continue to look around the house, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They were on their way to New York City and had about a week left onboard. They are manly type
of men. Yank, is the know–it–alls woker. When Yank speaks the men listens. Yank is a proud man.
Paddy was the eldest of the men. He felt work life onboard the Ocean Liner was a piece of cake
compared to his work onboard a Clipper Ship. Mildred, a wealth passenger volunteered with
Manhattan's Lower East Side's less fortunate and was on her way to do volunteer services in Europe.
Mildred's Aunt believed Mildred's service to the less fortunate is "slumming" and does not
understand why she has to do it in another country. She takes a tour of the ships and walks into the
men work area. She walks in on one of Yank's rants. Disgusted by Yank's appearance and behavior
she mumbles that he was a filthy beast. Paddy told Yank Mildred looked at him like he was a big
"hairy ape." That angered Yank. Yank ends up getting arrested because he makes a Gentleman in
Manhattan miss his bus. While Yank is imprisoned on Blackwell's Island he finds out that Mildred's
father built both the physical and metaphorical cage that had him trapped. His fellow prisoner tells
him he should join the Wobblies or the Industrial Workers of the World. In Scene Seven, Yank visits
the local I.W.W. but they kicked him out because the Secretary thought he was a government spy. In
the eighth scene, Yank tried to become friends with an ape.

Advantages Of Effective Altruism
915397384
Word Count: 1500–1600
Assignment 2
How would you characterize effective altruism? Are there good reasons to support this view?
I characterize effective altruism as planning and strategizing on how to do good for the world. This
can be done through a career, political advocacy, or charitable giving. This contrasts with how
people usually do good acts for the world, which, according to Matthews, is donating to a charity
whenever we feel like it, many times on a whim to make ourselves feel good, but not doing it as a
calculated measure to move towards solving a problem. They do not take the time to research the
data and develop a strategy to solve the problem.
There are good reasons to support effective altruism. It is a very strong viewpoint that can save lives
because of how strategic and focused it is. For example, GiveWell is a charity that is considered the
origin of effective altruism. It uses evidence with philanthropy instead of just donating to feel good.
They have been "forward–thinking on factory farming" which means that they were serious about
animal suffering without doing sappy, emotional guilty "PETA–style" work (Matthews). As a result,
their thinking has helped to save lives. Nick Cooney, who is the director of education for Mercy for
Animals, said that "corporate campaigns for better treatment of farm animals" could be effective
(Matthews). The Humane League managed to convince corporate food service companies, which
are the ones that source cafeterias, food courts, and other similar places, to never use eggs from
chickens that were in tortured in cages. This effective altruistic move helped to save 5 million
animal lives in a year and it only cost less than 2 cents per animal.
This also helped Walmart and Starbucks to stop using pigs from farms that use gestation crates. This
makes it very difficult for pregnant pigs to walk around, and this only cost 5 cents for each animal
spared–the total was 18 million. In total, the Humane Society of the United States saved 40 million
animals at 40 cents each.
Effective altruism is a very powerful movement that can change philanthropy and be a model for
rigorous, organized advocacy.
According to "existential risk obsessives," why should

Essay
"With the loss of such a large chunk of the world population, militaries returned to slash and burn
methods as they retreated, further damaging the environment. And, the loss of population also meant
a decline of workers, which had a devastating domino effect on industry and those manufacturers
that supplied the war machines. This resulted in rapidly failing economies throughout the world
which then ultimately birthed the complete shutdown of governments, and politicians turning their
backs on their own people as they went into hiding. "By 2029, the great wars were already looking
like they were beginning their death throes. Armies no longer had the manpower to keep fighting
due to having taken heavy mass casualties throughout 2027 and ... Show more content on
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"With a world population down below five percent from what it was originally before the wars and
that number expected to plummet to below one percent, the apparatuses seemed like a viable, if not
only, option for the continuation of humankind. With the planet's current dire state, polluted and
destroyed, day–to–day survival had become utter misery at best. So, at least, being imprisoned in a
pod, in the simulated paradise that it provided, didn't seem all too bad an option. "The first of the
pods were initially put into production on a full–scale effort sometime in the summer of 2029 just as
the great wars had ended. Their manufacture, at the time, had used up what was left of the
government's available resources to do so, but they got it done, and the first of the survivors entered
in internment on November 3, 2029. "Soon, pod facilities started to spring up throughout Europe,
the United States, and Canada. At least, what was left of those places. And, by March of 2030, more
than half of the surviving population of the planet–those who could afford the enormous cost of a
pod–were actively sealed away in I.I.L.A.s. "The apparatuses, however, didn't just come with a
heavy price tag, though, Phillip. They came with a maintenance cost as well. Someone one had to
stay behind and preserve the integrity and infrastructure of the pod's mechanical and

Should Cyberwarfare Be A New Nuclear Warfare Of Our...
In this 21st century, the Internet is being used anytime, anywhere in our daily life, of course, no
exception in war zone between nations and cyberwar is the term which is used to call the wars use
network technology, what exactly Cyberwarfare means? Well, this term widely covers many aspects
in cases, but in generally, Cyberwarfare involves the use and targeting of computers or networks in
warfare and it could be in both side offensive and defense to against cyberattacks. Therefore, there is
a question that is beings asked is whether Cyberwarfare will become a new Nuclear warfare of our
generation? In order to answer this question, I'm going to figure out what are the differences and
similarities between Nuclear warfare and Cyberwarfare. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In order to answer the question about nuclear weapons options, in my opinion, nuclear have its own
both negative and positive side. We all know its terrible destruction can be caused to humans, it can
kill more than 100,000 people in just a second. In addition, nuclear weapons cost a lot of money to
build or maintain and it 's like a double–edged sword. If a nation focusing too much on development
of nuclear weapons, they will not leave much to their citizen of that nations. Moreover,
concentrating resources on nuclear weapons would waste national resources and the resources that
could be for the welfare of people are put into building weapons of mass destruction. However,
nuclear weapons also have a valid for national interests. For example, in a war between two nations,
if both have their own nuclear weapons, then these nations will think long and more carefully before
attacking another nation. It means that this conflict can be resolved in peaceful and attacks on each
other probably will not happen. Also, nuclear weapons increase the power of a nation as well as its
status that is the reason why there are many countries trying to build their own nuclear weapons for
their country to strengthen their national security. Well, as I stated above that nuclear weapons have
its own positive and

It’s the End of the Worldand I Feel Fine Essay examples
It's the End of the Worldand I Feel Fine
It's the End of the World...and I Feel Fine!
(The role of intellectuals in the creation and justification of nuclear weapons.) In Fail Safe and Dr.
Strangelove, Or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, Sidney Lumet and Stanley
Kubrick question the relationship between technology and humanity by emphasizing mankind's
tendency to create machines that cannot be adequately controlled. By blatantly revealing the
absurdity of game theory (Mutual Assured Destruction as a reasonable deterrence for nuclear war),
both directors call into question the dominant pro–Cold War American ideology. One of the most
quintessential aspects of this ideology includes the drive for constant ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
After World War II, this cultural paradigm solidified, taking "on an intellectual coherence of its
own." Indeed, the logic behind this paradigm involved two widely accepted principles:
(1) "The structure of American society is basically sound."
(2) "Communism is a clear danger to the survival of the United States and its allies."
From the combination of these assumptions, emerged a new definition of Americanism that was
predicated upon the concepts of democracy, capitalism, and general material abundance. However,
in order to satisfy the demands of this new Americanism, the United States needed to "struggle
against Communism and willingly support a strong defense system...for power is the only language
that the Communists can understand." Because the maintenance of a superior defense system
required frequent technological advancement, physicists, chemists, and other scientists became
necessary members of government/military research teams. In addition to the so–called hard
scientists, theorists and strategic experts were needed in order to make informed and rational
decisions about the circumstances under which the new technological devices (i.e. nuclear weapons)
should be used. This emerging Cold War cultural paradigm was both created by and gave birth to a
new breed of academic–the 'nuclear–intellectual.' Because technology, nuclear science, and war
strategy became such an integral part of the definition of

Nuclear Warfare With The Soviet Union
In declaring this, it is evident that the fear of what the Japanese–Americans may have done if they
remained loyal to their "native land" (which was not the case for most of them having been born in
America), allied with Nazi Germany, rather than what actual threat they posed that put them into the
camps and revoked them of the right to their businesses, their property, and their ability to move
freely within the nation. The effects of the fear caused by communism within the United States was
embodied by foreign issues as well, especially involving nuclear warfare with the Soviet Union. As
two nations with neither willing to be the first to strike and fighting for two different ideologies,
there was a constant fear of sudden destruction ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Being in the midst of the second World War, the cities of Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Kokura, and Niigata
of Japan were chosen, partly for testing and observation, and partly to have a chance to put an end to
Japan's tyranny during the war, having been allies with Nazi Germany, attacking its Asian neighbors,
and their attack on Pearl Harbor (Ferrell 36). When the bombs were dropped, millions of Japanese
civilians were killed for the assurance of the working order of a new weapon and the possible end of
a war. Even worse is the manner in which the information regarding the bombings was handled. As
stated by Thomas T. Handy, the Acting Chief of Staff in regards to the bombing in a letter to General
Carl Spaatz, the Commanding General of the United States Army Strategic Air Forces:
Dissemination of any and all information concerning the use of the weapon against Japan is reserved
to the Secretary of War and the President of the United States. No communiqués on the subject or
releases of information will be issued by commanders in the field without specific prior authority.
Any news stories will be sent to the War Department for special clearance. (Ferrell 36) In short,
Handy is indicating that the bombings should be kept secret from American citizens. Once it was
publically discovered that these bombings were purposely kept from the American people, citizens
broke into debate on whether or not they were justified. However, a definite effect was the fear that
came from the

The Consequences Of Atomic Warfare
Further contrast towards these ideas is apparent in the modern societies of 2016. Nearly every
assault in the Middle East increases the threat of a radical uprising in adjacent states. Imagine the
consequences of an air attack , let alone an atomic bomb. Okuda asks the perfect question relation to
these topics, "How can we avoid this type of warfare from this point forward, whether carried out by
nations or by individuals taking up weapons?" Thankfully, that question was answered shortly after
the events of Japan. The United Nations formed an official treaty preventing the Great Powers of the
world from using atomic warfare. Upon a violation, the nations partake in mutually assured
destruction. Nobody wins in this terrifying situation, but

Ethical Implications of Chemical, Biological and Nuclear...
Ethical Implications of Chemical, Biological and Nuclear Warfare
Thesis
As current problems of terrorism and the war on Iraq, chemical, biological and nuclear warfare
(CBW) issues are important and relevant. CBW agents are dangerous, uncontrollable and
undifferentiating weapons of mass destructions. Chemical, biological and nuclear weapons are
capable of mass destruction aimed at killing masses of people. Using CBW agents comes with many
ethical dilemmas and consequential side–effects. Chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons are
designed to yield a great number of deaths. Regarding the ethical use of CBW, while looking at the
larger context of war, one must determine the value of life. As backed by Virtues Ethics, this mass ...
These are just a few examples of many accounts of the use of chemical and biological agents in war.
Is the use of chemical, biological or nuclear weapons in war ethical? Is there an appropriate time to
use them? A dilemma will later be presented for consideration. Different ethical theories can either
support or oppose the use of CBW depending on the circumstances. However, chemical, biological
and nuclear agents are dangerous, uncontrollable and undifferentiating weapons of mass
destructions. Actions must be taken to see that there are no future instances of use during war.
However, before one discusses the legal and ethical issues involved with CBW, one must understand
what chemical, biological and nuclear weapons are and how they function.
Chemical Weapons
There are many types of chemical agents that can be used for a variety of effects. Most are not
meant to be lethal, but most chemicals at high concentrations can be lethal. Vomiting gases are used
for riot–control or harassing agents and are only meant to irritate. "The body attempts to counter the
irritation either by secreting fluids or by initiating reflex actions, for instance, vomiting," (Rose,
1968, p. 20). It is the incapacitating nature of these responses that gives vomiting gases their
harassing effects and name.
Choking gases irritate the lower branches of the lungs. The gases can destroy the sensitive lung
tissue leading

Was The Atomic Bombing Of Hiroshima And Hiroshima Justified?
Was the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki justified? Discuss. The atomic bombing of
Hiroshima and Nagasaki ushered the world into a new era of warfare. Never before in the history of
man had such destruction been wrought in the power of a single bomb. Thousands of civilians were
incinerated and Japan's war capitals were demolished. The horror and terror was unimaginable; yet
the bomb had a purpose; to swiftly end the war. In today's society, it is questionable whether the
bomb should have been used. Some believe Japan would have voluntarily surrendered; yet others
believe conventional warfare methods should have been used. However, if the bomb had not been
deployed, there is the question of overcoming the near fanatical Japanese resistance, the toll of the
casualties from the projected Invasion of Japan and the need to educate the world in the horror of
Nuclear Weaponry. The Japanese nation was ready to surrender. Japans war machine was crippled,
constant fire–bombing of Japanese cities and the Seabees Island hopping campaign was wearing
down the civilian morale. The Japanese nation was beaten, its war machine was crushed and its
factory's functionless. The warlords and ministers were open to surrender, the people were crying
out for an end to a fruitless war. The whole country was on its needs the atomic bombs were
needless. "Japan was ready to surrender, it was only waiting for terms." The nation had capitulated,
its people waited for a word. No bombs were

Military Technology And Technological Advancements
Since the evolution of mankind, the art of warfare has witnessed numerous changes. Over the years,
military technology kept on changing and has advanced from rifles to the nuclear weapons. The 20th
century saw a drastic change in the military technology and military thinkers adapted to this change
and took it as a way to totally transform the war. These technological advancements added new
dimensions to warfare through a combination of firepower, mobility, and maneuver. Warfare has
now transitioned to become the battle of wits, nerves, technology and tactics. Military thinkers
developed new theories to integrate these technological advancements into the existing military
setup. General Swinston and Colonel Fuller developed theories that influenced development of the
armored warfare. Early airpower theorists, Giulio Douhet, Billy Mitchel and Hugh Trenchard
evolved different concepts for effective employment of the airpower (AP). Admiral William Moffett,
the architect of naval aviation, formulated tactics for the naval aviation and the development of the
aircraft carriers. This essay aims to analyze how the modern military thinkers formulated new
theories to grapple with the technological advancements and strategic environment. Introduction of
mechanized warfare, aircraft, aircraft carriers, Nuclear weapons and asymmetric warfare are a few
additions that necessitated a doctrine change.
Mechanized warfare was a direct outcome of trench warfare, because the initial moves in

Nuclear Warfare Is The Use Of Nuclear Weapons As A Military
Nuclear warfare is the use of nuclear weapons as a military strategy against enemies. Nuclear
weapons or atomic weapons are bombs or missiles that use nuclear energy to explode and are
considered the most powerful and destructive weapon ever created. The U.S. was the first country to
build an atomic bomb in 1945 after Albert Einstein wrote a letter to President Roosevelt, concerned
about efforts in Nazi Germany to purify uranium–235 and create an atomic bomb. For this reason,
the U.S. began The Manhattan Engineer District Project to begin building an atomic bomb before
Nazi Germany. The experts assigned to this project where considered some of the greatest minds of
the time. The chief of the group was J. Robert Oppenheimer, who is often ... Show more content on
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It's estimated that about 99,000 to 166,000 people died from the bomb and its effect in a four–month
period after the explosion. And five years later an estimated 200,000 or more people died due to the
results of the bombing. "Little Boy" was a uranium gun type bomb that weighed 9,700 lbs., was 10
ft. long, and 28 inches in diameter with a yield of 14 – 15 KT (kilotons – 1 KT = 1,000 tons of
TNT). The way "Little Boy" could detonate was its gun type design that fired a small amount of U–
235 at another to combine their masses. Which created a critical mass that set off a fission chain
reaction to eventually detonate the bomb. However, the efficiency of "Little Boy" is considered poor
because less than 2% of the mass of the uranium fuel was used to manufacture the actual explosion.
Majority of the fuel was obliterated before it could detonate. Three days later August 9, 1945 "Fat
Man" was dropped on Nagasaki. Nagasaki was the target of U.S. bombings before "Fat Man". The
damage caused by these bombing was relatively small but was still a concern to the residents,
resulting in many people leaving to rural areas, reducing the number of casualties on August 9. It is
estimated 40,000 to 75,000 people died immediately. Approximately 10,000 more people died due
to affects the bomb by the end of the year. "Fat Man" was the second plutonium impulsion type
bomb and weighed 10,800 lbs., was 10ft. 8 in. long, 60 inches in

Comparing The Bombing Of Nagasaki And Hiroshima

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Comparing The Bombing Of Nagasaki And Hiroshima