How can agriculture help achieve the 2°C climate change target? Delivering food security while reducing emissions in the global food system
November 2, 2015
Event co-sponsored by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security and the World Bank
Delivering on a transformed food sector:
Transforming cereal crop production
Martin Kropff, Director General, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)
2. Options for Mitigation
• Best system for specific environment:
– Optimization at high input levels: eco-efficiency
– Careful with marginal lands
– Rehabilitation degraded soils (OM and no-till)
– Reduction per unit yield!
• Reducing methane emission from rice and saving water
• Carbon fixation in soil
4. N fertiliser chain accounts for 2-6%
of total GHG emission in China
GHG emissions cuts of 160 – 360 Tg N annually possible
from changes through the N fer9lizer chain.
Zhang et al (2013) PNAS 110 (21), 8375 - 8380
7. Precision nutrient management
• Decision support soWware:
Precision fer9lizer
recommenda9ons for
smallholders
• Op9cal sensors: e.g.
Greenseeker –reduced N use,
same yield in wheat, 60 kgN/
ha
Examples of technologies for precision N management
8. Envisioning the future:
CA, diversification and PA =
CSISA research platform @ CSSRI, Karnal, India
11% Crop Yield
Increase
32% Profitability
Increase
71% IrrigaAon
Decrease
46% Energy
Decrease
13. Community and individual solar irrigation
systems are being tried in Bihar
Impact of solar irrigation systems
on maize in Bihar
Solar irrigation in Bihar promotes
climate smart agriculture
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
Yield, t/ha Income, Benefit:
Cost ra9o
GHG emissions,
CO2eq, t/ha
Emission
Intensity, kg CO2
EQ/ kg yield
Diesel pump Solar pump
17. Mobile phone app operation
Provide
management
recommendation
Cloud based server
Rice Crop Manager
• Nutrients
• Weeds
• Irrigation
• ….
Obtain site-specific
information from
farmer/ operator
New Modules
• GHG emission
calculator
• Climate-adjusted
yield targets
Climate-Informed Rice Crop and Low Emission Manager
=> CIRCLE Manager
18. • Investment in crop R&D to realize triple win
• Mi9ga9on in Agriculture possible:
– Capture increased food demand by increasing yields:
• Sustainable Intensifica9on to save forests
– Right system at the right place
– No burning residues
– Precision management to minimize use energy, fer9lizers,
etc.
– Link to other technologies (solar panels)
Conclusions