Oral Anatomy

1. Mod A
Week 3

2. Study Guide: MOD-A Week 3
1. What are the uses / purpose of saliva?
2. What is Mastication?
3. What is lingual frenum?
4. How many bones in the skull? How many facial bones?
How many cranial bones?
5. What is foramen magnum? It is located in which bone of
the skull?
6. What is temporal bone?
7. What is maxilla / maxillary bone?
8. What is mandible?
9. What is zygoma / zygomatic bone?
10. What is ramus?

3. Study Guide: MOD-A Week 3
11. What is Mandibular Foramen?
12. What is lacrimal bone?
13. What is alveolar process?
14. What is suture?
15. What does TMJ stands for?
16. What are the 3 Major Salivary Glands and their Ducts
17. What are the 4 major muscles of Mastication and their
functions/definition?
18. Functions of Orbicularis Oris Muscle?
19. Where can you find the parotid gland?
20. Describe maxillary sinus
END

4. Week lll
CHAPTER 9 AND 10
O Oral Cavity
O Cranial Bones
O Facial Bones
O Paranasal Sinuses
O Muscles
O Salivary Glands

5. Oral Cavity
Lecture 1/6
The mouth / oral cavity is important:
speaking, eating, singing ,etc. We are going
to discuss the structure of the oral cavity
and their importance.

6. The mouth is part of our digestive system.
MASTICATION:
Chewing
first phase of digestion
Vermillion border:
margin between
skin and lips
Q2
LIPS

7. Frenum
this is a narrow band of tissue which connects two
structures
Frenectomy:
removal of frenum

8. Frenum Con’t
Lingual frenum:
connects tongue to the
floor of mouth
Buccal frenum:
connects cheek in molar
region
(muscle attachments)
Q3

9. Palate

11. Tongue

12. Taste Buds

13. Ankyloglossia
O Ankylo = attached Glossia = tongue
O Also called “tongue-tied”

14. BONES OF THE SKULL
28
BONES OF THE
SKULL
8
cranial bones
14
facial bones
o 6 Auditory Ossicles
12th Ed. P. 101
Q4

15. 8 CRANIAL BONES
Single
 Frontal
 Occipital
 Sphenoid
 Ethmoid
Paired
 Parietal
 Temporal

17. 8 CRANIAL BONES
O FRONTAL BONE
forms the forehead, most of the orbital roof and
anterior cranial floor
O OCCIPITAL BONE
Forms the back and base of the cranium
Foramen Magnum:
part of the occipital bone where the spinal cord
passes through.
O TEMPORAL BONE
Forms the sides and base of the cranium
Q5
Q6

19. 8 CRANIAL BONES (CONT)
O PARIETAL BONE
Forms most of the roof and upper sides of the
cranium.
O SPHENOID BONE
Forms the anterior part of the base of the skull.
O ETHMOID BONE
Forms part of the floor of the cranium, the orbit
and the nasal cavity.

20. 14 FACIAL BONES
SINGLE
O Vomer
O Mandible
PAIRED
O Zygomatic
O Maxillary
O Palatine
O Nasal
O Lacrimal
O Inferior Conchae

21. 14 FACIAL BONES
O ZYGOMA / ZYGOMATIC BONES
Forms the prominence of the cheeks
and the lateral wall and floor of the
orbit.
O MAXILLARY BONES (MAXILLA)
Forms the upper jaw and part of the
hard
palate.
O PALATINE BONES
Consist of 2 plates: horizontal and vertical
Q7
Q9

22. 14 FACIAL BONES (cont.)
O LACRIMAL BONES
Makes up part of the orbit at the inner
angle of the eye; contains the canal
for the tear duct passage.
O NASAL BONE
O Forms the bridge of the nose
O NASAL CONCHAE
Formed from the ethmoid bone
Q12

23. 14 FACIAL BONES (cont.)
O VOMER
Single flat bone; forms the base of the nasal septum
O MANDIBLE
- Forms the lower jaw; ONLY movable bone in the
skull; longest and strongest bone of the face.
Ramus:
- upright portion at each end of the mandible
Mandibular Foramen:
- opening in the bone on the lingual surface of the
ramus.
Q8, Q10, Q11

24. MANDIBLE

26. 6 Auditory Ossicles
Bones of the Middle Ear
Paired
• Malleus
• Incus
• Stapes

27. Creates Eyebrow Ridge

28. The Structure/Layers of Bone

29. Q14

30. Temporamandibular Joint
(TMJ)Q15

31. ALVEOLAR PROCESS
O Extension of bone from the body of the
mandible and maxilla that surrounds and
supports the teeth.
Q13

32. Paranasal Sinuses
Lecture 4 / 6 –Week 3

33.  Spaces linked to the nasal
cavity
 Lined with mucous membrane
 Named after the bones in
which they are located

35.  Provide resonance which helps
produce sound
 Lighten the bones of the skull
 Acts as a chamber for warming
incoming air
 Produce mucous and filter air before
entering the lungs

37. Maxillary
Sinus:
o This is the largest of
the paranasal sinuses
o Located on the maxillary
bone
Q20

38. Muscles
.

39. 1. Orbicularis Oris
Muscle
Function:
• Close and pucker the
lips
• Aids in chewing and
speaking
2. Buccinator Muscle
Function:
• Cheek movement
121
Q18

40. 3. Mentalis Muscle
Function:
• Raises and wrinkles the
skin of the chin and
pushes the lower lip up
4. Zygomatic major
Function:
• Draws the angles of
the mouth upward and
backward, as in
laughing
121

41. 1. Masseter Muscle: “power muscle”
The strongest muscle of mastication
Q17
FUNCTION:
Raises mandible and closes the jaw

42. 2. Temporal muscle:
The largest muscle of mastication
FUNCTION: Raises the mandible and closes jaws

43. 3. Internal
Pterygoid muscle
4. External
Pterygoid muscle
Elevates / closes jaw
Depresses the
mandible to open jaw
Major Muscles of Mastication

44. Salivary Glands

45. 1. Composition:
99% water
1 % salt and solids
2. It is secreted into the
mouth by openings called
ducts
3. Approx. 2-3
pints of saliva produced
every 24 hours
4. Flow is stimulated by:
foreign objects, smells
and taste
Salivary Glands

46. Purpose of Saliva
1.Lubricates and cleanses the oral cavity
2.Aids in digestion of food
3.Maintains the integrity of the tooth
surface - remineralization
Q1

47. Major Salivary Glands
O Parotid salivary gland
 Saliva passes from the parotid gland into the mouth
through a duct called the parotid duct (also known
as Stensen’s duct)
LOCATION:
 lie in front of and below each ear
O Submandibular salivary gland
 Releases saliva into the oral cavity through
Wharton’s duct, which ends in the sublingual
caruncles
O Sublingual salivary gland
O Releases saliva into the oral cavity through the
sublingual duct, also known as Bartholin’s duct
Q16, Q19

48. Locations of Salivary Glands
48

49. End of Week 3