2. Restorative Dentistry
is focused on the general dental needs of the patient
Restoration of teeth to their original form and shape
Specific conditions that determine the need for
restorative dentistry include:
Initial or recurring decay
Replacement of a failed restoration
Abrasion or wearing away of tooth structure
Erosion of tooth structure
3. Esthetic / Cosmetic Dentistry
Improving the appearance of teeth by repairing
imperfections (includes whitening)
Specific conditions requiring esthetic dental treatment
Discoloration (extrinsic or intrinsic staining)
Anomalies (developmental disturbances)
= Peg lateral
Abnormal spacing (DIASTEMA)
Trauma
4. CAVITY PREPARATION
the process of removing diseased tooth structure while leaving
healthy tooth structure for the tooth to maintain a restoration
5.
6. Amalgam
Amalgam consists of several
different metals, with silver
being the predominant metal
Metals powder form then
mixed with mercury to form
a soft, pliable mixture
Amalgam is a safe, affordable,
and durable material
used predominantly to restore
premolars and molars
7. Composition of Dental Amalgam
Amalgam
alloy
powder
(57% to 46%)
Silver
(Strength)
Tin
(workability &
strength)
Copper
(strength and
corrosion resistance)
Zinc
(suppress
oxidation)
Mercury
(43% to 54%)
8. National Bureau of Standards
(Quality Control of Materials)
Biting Force
Temperature changes
Bacteria
Acidity
10. Amalgam capsules are
measured by “ SPILLS ”
1 spill = 1 surface filling
2 spills = 1 large or 2 surface
fillings
3-5 spills = 3 or more
surfaces, very large
restoration or multiple teeth
Amalgam Capsules (Cont)
11. Triturates capsule to
mix alloy & mercury
together to form
amalgam
TRITURATION:
- Mechanical means of
combining the dental
alloy and mercury
Amalgamator
13. OVER TRITURATION
Decreases setting time
causes shrinkage
after the amalgam is
set. The filling will be
too small for the
tooth.
UNDER TRITURATION
Increases setting time
weakens the amalgam
causes increased
expansion of the
material when set.
15. •Causes brittleness
•Use rubber dam or cotton rolls
Patient Saliva
•Affects setting time & weakens
material
Unclean
instruments
•Prep must be dry otherwise it will
weaken the materialBlood in prep
Sources of Contamination
16.
17. • Uses handpiece and burs, high-speed
(round bur initially, straight burs)
• Hand instruments-excavators,
chisels, etc.
• Slow handpiece to remove decay if
close to pulpal chamber .
• Excavator-Used to spoon out decay.
DDS/DMD -
Prepares
prep
Standard Amalgam Procedure:
Diagnosis, x-rays and anesthesia have been accomplished
18. •Use cotton rolls or
rubber dam
•Saliva ejector for
patient comfort
Isolate
Tooth
Standard Amalgam Procedure
continued
19. •Use calcium hydroxide
• Zinc oxide eugenol
•Cavity varnish (2 coats)
Medicate
Standard Amalgam Procedure
continued
20. •Amalgamator, amalgam
well & squeeze cloth
•Use carrier
•Condenser
Restore
with
amalgam
Standard Amalgam Procedure
continued
26. A matrix system provides a “temporary wall” for the
restoration process in Class II, III and IV preparations
Universal retainer
Also referred to as Tofflemire retainer
A mechanical device that holds the matrix band snugly in
position
Positioned most commonly from the buccal surface of
the tooth being restored
MATRIX Bands/ Retainers
31. Anterior Matrix Systems
A clear plastic matrix is used with
anterior composite resin or glass
ionomer materials
The clear plastic matrix is also referred to
as the celluloid strip or Mylar strip
Used for a Class III or IV restoration
when the proximal wall of an anterior
tooth is missing
No retainer is needed to hold the matrix
in place, making this system an easier
application
32. Assists the band in adapting to the tooth contour
(prevents overhang)
Provides tooth separation
Assist the band in containing the amalgam
Purpose of a Wedge
Plastic Wood
34. 1. Always remove the wedge first.
2. Remove tofflemire after loosening from the
band.
3. VERY carefully, remove the band – one side at
a time.
4. Be careful!!! You can damage the fresh
restoration while lifting off the band if you are
not gentle!
Matrix Removal
36. Provisional Restorative Materials
Designed to cover the major
portion of a tooth or several teeth
Non-metal compounds
Acrylic Resins
Week 3 / Day 4
38. Acrylic Resin
From Hatrick CD, Eakle WS, Bird WF: Dental materials: clinical applications for dental assistants and dental hygienists, ed 2, St Louis, 2011, Saunders.
39. Monomer: Liquid portion of
the acrylic resin
Polymer: Powder portion of
the acrylic resin
POLYMERIZATION: Chemical
curing / hardening process of
the acrylic resin
Composition
44. Composite Resins
(Review)
ADVANTAGES
• Biting force is equal to amalgam
• Low solubility
• Excellent shading
• Minimal shrinking during and after setting
• Does not overly react to hot or cold temperatures
• Can be repaired-Bonds to itself
45. Cures fast with light
Cure in layers
Unlimited working time
Highly polishable
ADVANTAGES
Light Cure Composite
46. Diagnose
(DDS/DMD)
Prepare
Isolate
Medicate
Etch
STEPS
Bond
Restore
Trim Flash
Bite Check
Finish and
Smooth
Must use amber shield or glasses to protect
eyes
47. Bands for Composite
Mylar / Celluloid Strip /
Plastic Matrix
Used on anterior
teeth with composite
Class III / IV
49. 49
UNIT 3 MOD – C REVIEW
1. Silver filling 2. Parts of tofflemire retainer
3. 7 Steps of amalgam
restoration
4. Quality control: National
Bureau of Standards
5. Purpose of Wedge 6. Sources of contamination in
amalgam restoration
7. Use of restorative dentistry
(Specific Condition)
8. Composition of Amalgam
9. Amalgamator - Function 10. Wedge – Use
11. Overhang 12. Black’s Cavity Classification:
Uses matrix system and type
13. Materials for building walls:
Class II restoration
14. Under trituration
15. Over Trituration 16. Esthetic / Cosmetic Dentistry
17. Amber Shield 18. Elements found in Amalgam
Editor's Notes
General dentistry is also called operative dentistry.
What type of materials would be used for restorative dentistry? (Both direct and indirect restoration materials should be used.)
What types of materials are used for esthetic dentistry? (Direct and indirect restoration materials, along with whitening materials)
What are the steps of initial preparation? (Outline form, resistance form, retention form, and convenience form)
This photo displays the mercury liquid and alloy powder, separated on the left, and at various stages of mixing to produce a final amalgam for placement.
It is important to ensure that trituration is complete before amalgam is placed in a carrier for placement in the preparation. Different manufacturers call for different trituration times, depending on the components of their products.
Other variables to keep in mind: Triturating machines sometimes malfunction, and stocked amalgam capsules may reach their expiration dates before being used.
Amalgam set up pge 806 3dr edition
steps are a dign off on lab:
Top diagram: Universal band.
Middle diagram: Extension band.
Bands must be contoured to make proper contact with the adjacent teeth.
What instrument is used to contour bands? (A burnisher)
Metal bands are not used because the resin/composite material can be scratched or marked by the stainless steel.
No retainers are used.
Pg 831
This figure shows only one example of what can be used as a provisional coverage material.
At the bottom left are a liquid (dark bottle) and a powder (white bottle). The dropper is used to measure liquid into a dappen dish, to which the powder is gradually added to achieve the desired consistency.
This photo displays a few of the dispensing methods for these materials, including an auto-mixing tip attached to a cartridge with two separate barrels, which is attached to a dispensing gun.
