1. UNIT 2nd
The Research Problem and objectives
The Research Problem .5 factors to consider to determine that a problem is
researchable or not.
1. The problem existing in the locality or country but no known solution to
the problem.
2. The solution can be answered by using statistical methods and techniques.
3. There are probable solutions but they are not yet tested.
4. The occurrence of phenomena requires scientific investigation to arrive at
precise solution.
5. Serious needs/problems of the people where it demands research.
Research objectives
Research objectives are a specification of the ultimate reason for carrying out
research in the first place. They help in developing a specific list of
information needs. Only when the researcher knows the problem that
management wants to solve can the research project be designed to
provide the pertinent information.

2. Characteristics and source of a Research Problem
Specific. The problem should be specifically tested
Measurable. It is easy to measure by using research instruments, apparatus or
equipment.
Achievable. The data are achievable using correct statistical tools to arrive at
precise results.
Realistic. Real results are attained because they are gathered scientifically and
not manipulated or maneuvered.
Time-bound. Time frame is required in every activity because the shorter
completion of the activity, the better.
Sources of Research Problem
1. Specialization of the researcher.
2. Current and past researches.
3. Recommendations from theses, dissertations, and research journals.
4. Original and creative ideas of the researcher based on the problems met
in the locality and country.

3. Identification of Research Problem
Identification of research problem is the first step in a scientific method for
conducting a research. To initiate a research, there should be pre-occurred
ideas that generated the necessity for the research to be carried out. The
ideas are developed while going though literatures, discourses with experts
and continuation of activities related to the subject matter. These ideas
develop into some specific topics that will be interesting or rewarding if
investigated. These topics generally called problems.
Some guidelines for selecting problems: The problem should be such in
which the researcher may be deeply interested.
The problem should be related with the chain of thinking. Stray problems
can mislead the whole research project.
The problem selected should not necessarily be new one. It may be old
problem or one on which work has already been done i.e., verification of
old problem may be equally useful.
The problem should be within manageable limits i.e. it should not be too
comprehensive.

4. Determining of the objective
objective is clear concern and declarative sentence which
provide direction to investigate solution or variable
Characteristic of objective _The objectives of a project
should be "SMART." They should be:
S pecific: clear about what, where, when, and how the
situation will be changed;
M easurable: able to quantify the targets and benefits;
A chievable: able to attain the objectives (knowing the
resources and capacities at the disposal of the community);
R ealistic: able to obtain the level of change reflected in the
objective; and
T ime bound: stating the time period in which they will each
be accomplished.

5. TYPES OF OBJECTIVES
A .Broad objective or general-States what is to be achieved by the
study in general terms.
Usually only one per study
Related to core problem and topic of the study
Shows target population and place
Example: To determine the factors associated with increased
number of diarrhea cases among under fives in X village
B. Specific objective-it is short in term and small to focus general
objective can broken in small .general objective completed by specific
objective and Describe the variables that are measured by the study
Several in one study
Use action verb
Example: To find out methods used for excreta disposal
To find out methods used for water treatment
To determine the feeding habits of the under fives