2. Nature of Research
CONTENT STANDARDS: The learner
demonstrates understanding of the
characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and
kinds of quantitative research.
PERFORMANCE STANDARD: The learner is able
to decide on suitable quantitative research in
different areas of interest
LEARNING COMPETENCIES: The learner
describes characteristics, strengths, weaknesses
and kinds of quantitative research
CS_RS12-1a-c-1
3. NATURE OF RESEARCH
â˘CURIOSITY
â˘Research = âcerhierâ French Word (seek) + re
(again/repeat)
â˘Research â repeating looking for something
â˘Research â finding the truth again about ideas
and problems which were in existence before
in different perspective.
â˘It is the important tool for solving manâs
various problems.
5. NATURE
â˘objective measurements and
the statistical, mathematical, or
numerical analysis of data
â˘polls, questionnaires, and surveys, pre-
existing statistical data.
â˘gathering numerical data
â˘generalizing data across groups of
people or to explain a particular
phenomenon.
6. What is Research?
⢠It is a careful, critical, disciplined
inquiry, varying in technique and
method according to the nature
and conditions of the problem
identified, directed toward the
clarification or resolution (or both)
of a problem.
7. Types of Research
1. According to Purpose
a. Predictive or Prognostic âto
determine future operation.
b. Directive âto remedy
c. Illuminative âconcerned with
the interaction of components.
8. Types of Research
2. According to Goal/Use
a. Basic or Pure Research â
conducted for the intellectual
pleasure of learning.
b. Applied Research â
application of the results of pure
research.
9. Types of Research
3. According to Investigation
a. Exploratory âstudies the
variable
b. Descriptive âstudies
relationship.
c. Experimental âstudies the
effect.
10. Types of Research
4. According to the type of analysis
a. Analytical Approach â
identify and isolates components.
b. Holistic Approach âfocus on
total situation of the entire system.
11. Types of Research
5. According to Scope
Used for action research and
done in a very limited scope to
solve a particular problem which is
not so big. It is almost a problem-
solving.
12. Types of Research
6. According to choice of answers
to problems
a. Evaluative Research âall
courses of action are identified.
b. Developmental Research â
focus on finding suitable process.
13. Types of Research
7. According to statistical
content/data
a. Quantitative âuse of
inferential statistics.
b. Non-quantitative â
description is used.
14. Types of Research
8. According to time element
a. Historical Research âWhat was
b. Descriptive Research âWhat is
c. Experimental Research
âWhat will be
15. Types of Research
8. According to Venue
a. Library Research âAnswers are
available in Library
b. Field Research âConducted in
natural setting
c. Laboratory Research
â Conducted in artificial or
controlled conditions
16. Purposes of Research
â˘To satisfy manâs craving for more
understanding
⢠To improve his judgment, to add
to his power
⢠To reduce the burden of work, to
relieve suffering
⢠To increase satisfactions in
multitudinous ways.
18. ACTIVITY: CONCEPT MAPPING
1.Begin with the main idea of your
topic.
2.Branch out to specific topics by
enumerating possible problems
you may encounter in the different
settings of the main idea of your
topic.
21. Chapter 1
PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
⢠Introduction
⢠Background of the Study
⢠Theoretical Framework
⢠Research Framework/Paradigm
⢠Statement of the Problem
⢠Review of Related Literature
⢠Foreign
⢠Local
22. Chapter 1
PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
⢠Significance of the Study
⢠Definition of Terms
⢠Scope and Limitation
⢠Hypotheses
23. Chapter 2
METHODS OF RESEARCH AND
PROCEDURES
⢠Respondents of the Study
⢠Research Instrument
⢠Setting of the Study
⢠Research Design
⢠Research Procedure
⢠Statistical Treatment of Data
27. Chapter 1
Introduction
⢠Presentation of the Problem
⢠The existence of an
unsatisfactory condition
⢠Rationale of the study
⢠Historical background of the
problem.
28. Chapter 1
Introduction
⢠A desire to have a deeper and
clearer understanding of a
situation, circumstance or
phenomena
⢠A desire to find a better way of
doing something or of improving
a product.
⢠A desire to discover something
30. Chapter 1
Significance of the Study
⢠The rationale, timeliness,
and/or relevance of the study.
⢠Possible solutions to existing
problems
⢠Who will be benefitted.
31. Chapter 1
Significance of the Study
⢠Possible contribution to the
fund of knowledge.
⢠Possible implications
32. Chapter 1
Scope and Limitations of the Study
⢠A brief statement of the
general purpose of the study.
⢠The subject matter and topics
studied and discussed.
⢠The locale of the study, where
the data were gathered
33. Chapter 1
Scope and Limitations of the Study
⢠The population from which
the respondents were selected.
⢠The period of the study.
⢠Include the weaknesses of the
study beyond the control of the
researcher.
34. The Research Problem
â˘It is any significant, perflexing and
challenging situation, real or
artificial, the solution of which
requires thinking;
35. The Research Problem
⢠It is a perflexing situation after it
has been translated into a
question or series of questions
that help determine the direction
of subsequent inquiry.
36. Elements of a
Research Problem
1. âThe Whyâ âAim or purpose of
the problem for investigation.
2. âThe Whatâ âThe subject matter
or topic to be investigated.
3.âThe WhereââThe place or locale
where the search is to be
conducted.
37. Elements of a
Research Problem
4. âThe Whenâ âThe period or
time of the study during which
the data are to be gathered.
5. âThe Whoâ âPopulation or
universe from whom the data
are to be collected.
38. Example of a
Research Problem
Purpose: To determine the purpose of
Topic: The teaching of Mother tongue
Place: In the Grade Schools of Bicol
Time: During the School Year 2018-2019
Population: Either teachers or pupils
or both
40. Guidelines in the Selection of
Research Topic
ďź Chosen by the researcher
ďź Interest of the researcher
ďź Within the specialization of the
researcher
ďź Within the competence of the
researcher
41. Guidelines in the Selection of
Research Topic
ďź Within the ability of the researcher
to finance
ďź Researchable and manageable
ďź Time bound
42. Guidelines in the Selection of
Research Topic
ďź Relevant to present time
ďź Practical and implementable
ďź Original and Critical (Reflective)
ďź Valid and reliable
43. Guidelines in the Selection of
Research Topic
ďź Contribute to national development
ďź Contribute to Human Knowledge
ďź Gives solution
ďź Does not undermine peopleâs moral
and spiritual values
44. Guidelines in the Selection of
Research Topic
ďź Must not advocate any change by
means of violence.
ďź Return of Investment (ROI)
ďź Consider hazards involve
45. Statement of the Problem
ď Formulate the general and specific
statement of the problem.
ď State in interrogative form
ď Clear and unequivocal
46. Statement of the Problem
ď Researchable
ď Based on facts
ď Can be interpreted
ď Contribute to the development
ď All answers gives complete devât.
ď Enough to cover the devât. of the
whole research problem
47. Statement of the Problem
This study will be conducted to
investigate all aspects of the teaching
of Mother Tongue in the grade schools
of Bicol during the school year 2018-
2019. Specifically, the study attempted
to answer the following questions:
48. Statement of the Problem
1. What is the profile of the teacher-
respondents in terms of:
1.1. educational attainment; and
1.2. training?
2. What is the extent of the
methods and strategies used by the
teachers in teaching Mother
Tongue?
49. Statement of the Problem
3. What is the level of adequacy of
facilities in terms of:
3.1. instructional; and
3.2. non-instructional?
4. Is there a significant relationship
between the profile of the
respondents and the extent of
methods and strategies used?
50. Statement of the Problem
5. Is there a significant relationship
between the profile of the
respondents and the level of
facilities adequacy?
6. Is there a significant relationship
between the extent of methods and
strategies used and the level of
facilities adequacy?
See the every aspect of your research⌠to solve the problem, it should have to determine well what approach is needed to answer it in a most clarifying way.
Manheim, 1977 careful, diligent and exhaustive investigation of a specific subject, having as its aim the advancement of mankindâs knowledge.
Critical is using or involving careful judgment about its good and bad.
Prognostic â something that foretells (prophesy)
Directive â to guide, govern or influence (giving remedy)
Illuminate (clarification) â expository, exegetic or explanative, explicative
Pure research â basic or fundamental research to discover basic truth and principles intended to add to the body of scientific knowledge.
Applied Research â involves seeking new application of scientific knowledge to the solution of a problem.
Another type under goal: Action Research â a decision-oriented research involving the application of the steps of scientific method in response to immediate need to improve existing practices.
Or accdg to Procedure and Techniques
- historical
We try to see every detail of the research (Deductive)
The general understanding coming from every single details (Inductive)
According to Venue:
Library Research, field, laboratory
a. Library Researchâ answers are
b. Field Research âconducted in a natural setting
c. Laboratory Research â conducted in artificial or controlled conditions.
Utilizes numerical method of measuring or ascertaining the variable.
Or qualitative â data are presented through elaborate word descriptions of what is observed.
According to Venue:
Library Research, field, laboratory
a. Library Researchâ answers are
b. Field Research âconducted in a natural setting
c. Laboratory Research â conducted in artificial or controlled conditions.
Multitudinous way â very many ways
Concept maps begin with a main idea (or concept) and then branch out to show how that main idea can be broken down into specific topics.