modern architecture

1. - “LESS IS MORE”

2. PRINCIPLES
• EMPHASISES ON OPEN SPACE AND REVEALSTHE INDUSTRIAL MATERIALS IN
CONSTRUCTION
• SIMPLE RECTANGULAR FORMS
• OPEN FLEXIBLE PLANS AND MULTI-FUNCTIONAL SPACES
• WIDESPREAD USE OF GLASSTO BRINGTHE OUSIDE IN
• MASTERES IN STEEL AND GLASS CONSTRUCTION
• EXPOSED ANDVERY REFINED STRUCTURAL DETAILS
• THE CONCEPT OF FLUID SPACE WITH A SEAMLESS FLOW BETWEEN INDOORS
AND OUTDOORS

3. ARCHITECT – MIESVAN DER ROHE AND
PHILIP JOHNSON

4. INTRODUCTION
• LOCATION – NEWYORK
• 38 STORY
• TYPE – OFFICE BUILDING -
SKYSCRAPER
• HEIGHT – 157 m
• AREA – 43m x 26m
• DESIGNED WITH MODERNIST IDEAS
WITH AN EMPHASIS ON STEEL
STRUCTURES ,CURTAIN WALL
• MAIN QUALITIES ARE USE OF
LUXURIOUS MATERIALS LIKE
BRONZE COATED BEAMS, AMBER
TINTED GLASS , MARBLE
TRAVERTINE, ETC .

5. • MIES' RESPONSETOTHE CITY
WITHTHE SEAGRAM BUILDING
WASTHE GRAND GESTURE OF
SETTING BACKTHE BUILDING
100 FEET FROMTHE STREET
EDGE,WHICH CREATED A
HIGHLY ACTIVE OPEN PLAZA.
• THE PLAZA ATTRACTS USERS
WITH ITSTWO LARGE
FOUNTAINS SURROUNDED BY
OUTDOOR SEATING.

6. FLOOR PLAN
MAIN
BUILDING

7. • THE PLAZA ALSO CREATED A
PROCESSIONTOTHE ENTRY
OFTHE BUILDING ,
PROVIDING ATHRESHOLD
THAT LINKEDTHE CITYWITH
SKYSCRAPER.THIS
THRESHOLD CONTINUES INTO
BUILDING AS A HORIZONTAL
PLANE INTHE PLAZATHAT
CUTS INTOTHE LOBBY .
• THE LOBBY HAS AWHITE
CEILINGTHAT STRETCHES
OUT OVERTHE ENTRY DOOR
FURTHER ERODINGTHE
DEFINED LINE BETWEEN
INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR

8. • THE FOUR SEASON
RESTAURANT
• 2 LINKED ROOMS WITHTHE
CENTERPIECE OF – ONE POOL
ANDTHE OTHER BAR

9. FLOOR PLAN
SHOWING
RESTAURANT

10. • The office spaces above the
lobby, furnished by Philip
Johnson, have flexible floor
plans lit with luminous ceiling
panels.
• These floors also get
maximum natural lighting with
the exterior being glass panes
of gray topaz that provide
floor-to-ceiling windows for
the office spaces.
• The gray topaz glass was used
for sun and heat protection,
and although there are
Venetian blinds for window
coverings they could only be
fixed in a limited number of
positions so as to provide
visual consistency from the
outside.

11. FLOOR
PLAN OF
MAIN
BUILDING
SHOWING
OFFICE
SPACES

12. STRUCTURE
• IT COMBINES A STEEL MOMENT
FRAME AND REINFORCED CONCRETE
CORE FOR LATERAL STIFFNESS.
• THE CONCRETE CORE SHEAR WALLS
EXTEND UPTOTHE 17TH FLOOR, AND
DIAGONAL CORE BRACING (SHEAR
TRUSSES) EXTENDSTOTHE 29TH
FLOOR.
• ITWASTHE FIRSTTALL BUILDINGTO
USE HIGH STRENGTH BOLTED
CONNECTIONS
• THE FIRSTTALL BUILDINGTO COMBINE
A BRACED FRAME WITH A MOMENT
FRAME
• ONE OFTHE FIRSTTALL BUILDINGSTO
USE AVERTICALTRUSS BRACING
SYSTEM ANDTHE FIRSTTALL
BUILDINGTO EMPLOY A COMPOSITE
STEEL AND CONCRETE LATERAL
FRAME.

13. FACADE
• FAÇADE CONSISTS OF ALTERNATING
BANDS OF PLATING AND AMBER
TINTED GLASS WINDOWS WHICH ARE
SEPERATED BY BRONZE-TONED I-
BEAMS RUNNING VERTICALLY LIKE
MULLIONS TOTHE BUILDING’S APEX
• THE BUILDING USED 1500TONS OF
BRONZE IN ITS CONSTRUCTION
STEEL
FRAMEBRONZE
I-BEAMS
GLASS

15. NORTHWEST
ELEVATION
MODEL

17. BUILDINGS DESIGNED BY
MIESVAN DER ROHE IN IIT CAMPUS ARE :
• The complete 120-acre campus, also known as the Mies Campus, was
designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe

18. IITRI MINERALS AND METAL RESEARCH BUILDING

19. ALUMNI MEMORIAL HALL

20. WISHNICK HALL

21. PERLSTEIN HALL

22. CARL MEMORIAL CHAPEL

23. CROWN HALL

24. SEIGAL HALL

26. INTRODUCTION
• LOCATED IN LLLINOIS INSTITUTE OFTTECHNOLOGY, CHICAGO USA
• BUILDINGTYPE – SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND INSTITUTE OF DESIGN
• INCORPORATING ONLY STEEL AND GLASS IN ITS EXTERIOR DESIGN
• 2 STOREY
• 5.48m HEIGHT
• FLOOR AREA – 36x67 m

28. CONCEPT
• The column-free open plan of the main floor of Crown Hall demonstrates Mies'
innovative concept of creating universal space that can be infinitely adapted to
changing use. Its expansive size , allows individual classes to be held
simultaneously without disruption while maintaining creative interaction between
faculty and students.
• It is a free volume with its four walls of glass, surrounded by a large green area,
with large trees, mainly in the south facade.

29. FLOOR PLAN
• The building is configured as a self-contained in a rectangular shape on two levels
• The main floor , shaped like a large space
• A semi buried where they located the offices, meeting rooms and other services
• The main floor occupies 50% of the building , comprising a single glass-enclosed
space devoted to the study of architecture

30. FLOOR
PLAN
SHOWING
THE
WORKING
SPACE

31. INTERIOR VIEW OF
WORKING SPACE

32. INTERIOR VIEW OF
WORKING SPACE

33. FLOOR PLAN
SHOWING
THE
CONVERTED
WORKING
SPACE

34. FLOOR PLAN
SHOWING
THE SEMI
BURIED
SPACE WITH
OFFICES,
MEETING
ROOMS AND
OTHER
SERVICES

35. INTERIOR VIEW
OFTHE SEMI
BURIED SPACE

36. SECTION 1

37. SECTION 2

38. STRUCTURE
• The roof of the building is suspended
from the underside of four steel plate
girders.
• The girders are themselves supported
by eight exterior steel columns,
spaced at 60 foot intervals.
• The interior is divided by free-
standing oak partitions that demark
spaces for classes, lectures and
exhibits.

39. DETAILS

40. MATERIALS
• STEEL , REINFORCED CONCRETE AND GLASS
• THE UPPER 3.05 m IS CLEAR GLASSTO ALLOW
MORE NATURAL LIGHT IN ASWELL ASVIEWING
OFTHE CLOUDS AND SKY
• THE LOWER 2.43 m OF GLASS ENCIRCLING THE
STEEL FRAME IS A GLAZEDTRANSPARENCY
MEANTTO ALLOW FOR FEW OUTSIDE
DISTRACTIONS

41. RENNOVATED MATERIALS
• AFTER RESTORATIONTHE ORGINAL PAINTING OFTHE STEEL STRUCTURE
WAS REPLACED BY A LEAD-FREE BLACKTNEMEC URETHANE COATING
• THE PLATE GLASS WAS REPLACED IN ITS ENTIRELY BY FLOAT GLASS PANELS
THAT MEET WIND LOAD REQUIREMENTS
• INTERNAL WOOD PARTITIOS AND STORAGE LOCKERS WEE REFINISHED AND
RESURFACED

42. RENNOVATED WINDOW DETAILORGINAL WINDOW DETAIL

43. - ANJALI.S
- GANGADHAR REDDY
- SWATHI.D