The Romans originated in the city of Rome founded by Romulus and Remus on seven hills along the Tiber River. Rome transitioned from a monarchy to a republic and then an empire under Augustus Caesar. As an empire, Rome expanded across Western Europe and the Mediterranean through its powerful military. Roman society was divided into patricians, plebeians, and slaves. The Romans made advancements in architecture, constructing buildings like aqueducts, amphitheaters, and roads. Roman culture also flourished through sculptures, mosaics, and arts often inspired by Greek designs. Eventually, the Roman Empire declined due to economic troubles, overexpansion, and invasions by Germanic tribes.

1. By Héctor Donaire Hernández 4º A
THE ROMANS
“VENI, VIDI, VENCI”

2. The legend says that the city of Rome was
founded by twin brothers: Romulus and Remus .
Actually Rome emerged from the creation by
the Latins of a city on seven hills.
1.- THE LEGEND

3. MONARCHY: In these early days Rome was a
monarchy. The king had all the powers and
governed with the help of senate. People
elected the senate and the senate elected the
king.
There were seven kings at this time.
2.- STAGES OF ROMAN
HISTORY

4. REPUBIC: In the year 509 a.C. A revolt replace
the monarchy and proclaimed the Roman
republic.
During these period the Romans conquered
more territories and defeated : Iberians , Celts ,
Phoenicians , Greeks etc.

5. EMPIRE: In the year 27 a.C. The empire was
inagurated as the new system of goverment.
The heat of the goverment was the Emperor. He
had all civil and military powers.
They conquered so many territoriesthat they
had to dividethem into provinces , for example :
Hispania , Britania , Galia , Lusitania , Dalia etc.

6. Thanks to Roman worriors (Legion) Roman
defeated all these territories.
3.- ROMAN EXPANSION

7. The Roman society was divided into:
Patricians: They were free and they had all the
righits.
They were the richest and they had the highest
charges.
Plebeians: They were free but they don’t had
politic righits. They were peasants, craftsmen
and tradesmen.
Slaves: They were’t free. They belonged to
someone else and they were trated like
4.- ROMAN SOCIETY

9. The Romans founded a lot of cities , all of then
with a simillar organization.
It was the place of residence of the
asminitration and the authorities.
There artisanal and comercial activities took
place.
5.- ROMAN ARCHITECTURE

10. The Roman Domus : It was the home of a rich
family. All rooms were distribuied around a
couyard. (atrio)

11. The Roman Insulae: It was a Buiding where
many families lived. It was of low quality
materials and there wasn’t water or heating.

12. The forum: the central square of the city
where the main public buildings were.

13. The Anphitheater: theater or building for show
with capacity for a large number of people.
The Roman Coloseum was the biggest.The
gladiators fought to death at in.

14. Roman circus: Place destined for some shows,
especially race horses and chariots.

15. Theater: Place where dramatic theater work
represented.In Merida (Spain) is one of the
most important in the world.

16. Aqueduct: It was a duct on elevated arches
that served to drive water to the city. Segovia
(Spain) has one of the most important.

17. Thermas: Public hot baths. It had in most
cities.

18. Roman roads: Road were used by Rome for
the unification of the empire. They covered
more than 80.000 km and took almost 500
years to build it.

19. Most of roman arts were a copy of greek’s
sculptures and paintings.
Roman sculptures: Romans made sculptures of
gods, heroes, emperors, generals and
politicians. They decorated triumphal arches
and colums.
Mosaics : Mosaics are pictures made from
arrangements of small fragments of stone or
glass. Romans used mosaics mostly to decorate
the floors of palaces and villas.
6.- ROMAN ARTS

21. In the second century a.C empire entered in
crisis because:
The provinces that they conquered didn’t
want to pay money to Rome.
Romans didn’t want to work and they had
many days off .
The empire was divided into western Empire
and Eastern Empire.
In 476 a.C the Barbarian invaded the empire
causing his fall.
7.- THE FALL OF THE ROMAN
EMPIRE

23. " Jamás se descubriría nada si nos
considerásemos satisfechos con las cosas
descubiertas.” SENECA
THANKS FOR WATCHING.