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The Roman Empire
The Roman World
Capitoline Wolf , from Rome, Italy, ca. 500–480 BCE. Bronze, 2 ’ 7 1/2” high. Musei Capitolini, Rome.
“ The Feral Kid” from Mad Max: Return of the Road Warrior
"The Rape of the Sabine Women" (1637-1638) by Nicolas Poussin
Rise of Rome ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Chronology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ROMAN EMPIRE:  “MERIT” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Multiethnic Contributions to Rome ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Centrality of the Roman State ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Roman Empire: Unification of the Ancient World ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman influences on the Western World ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Differences from Greece ,[object Object],[object Object],“ verism ”
Roman Technical Developments ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman Invention of Concrete ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman concrete construction. (a) barrel vault, (b) groin vault, (c) fenestrated sequence of groin vaults, (d) hemispherical dome with oculus (John Burge).
Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia Palestrina, Italy 110 BC  Goddess of fate and chance  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Restored view of the Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, Palestrina, Italy, late second century BCE (John Burge).
The Arch ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman Engineering Feats: The Vault ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
The Dome ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Domestic Architecture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Equestrian Statues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman Sculpture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman Roads ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Public Architecture: The Forum ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Architectural and Engineering Professions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Republican Period 509-27 BCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Dancing Warriors, late Republican period, Vatican museum
Roman Republic: Roots ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Structure of the Roman Republic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Romans took over their neighbors one by one ,[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object]
Military Organization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman Law ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman Philosophy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman Literature: Epic Poetry ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roman Literature ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Architecture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Temple of Portunus (Temple of  “Fortuna Virilis”), Rome, Italy, ca. 75 BCE.
Temple of Fortuna Virilis  (Portunus: Roman god of harbors) Rome, 75 BCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Head of an old man, from Osimo, mid-first century BCE. Marble, life-size. Palazzo del Municipio, Osimo.
Head of a Roman Patrician 75-50 BCE marble ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Portrait of a Roman general, from the Sanctuary of Hercules, Tivoli, Italy, ca. 75-50 BCE. Marble, 6 ’ 2” high. Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Rome.
Portrait of a Roman General, From Sanctuary of Hercules 75-50 BCE Marble 6 ’2” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Funerary relief with portraits of the Gessii, from Rome(?), Italy, ca. 30 BCE. Marble, approx. 2 ’ 1 1/2” high. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Relief with funerary procession, from Amiternum, Italy, second half of first century BCE. Limestone, 2 ’ 2” high. Museo Nazionale d’Abruzzo, L’Aquila.
Aerial view of the forum (looking northeast), Pompeii, Italy, second century BCE and later. (1) forum, (2) Temple of Jupiter (Capitolium), (3) basilica.
Aerial view of the amphitheater, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 70 BCE.
Pompeii and the cities of Vesuvius ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dionysiac mystery frieze, Second Style wall paintings in Room 5 of the Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 60–50 BCE. Fresco, frieze 5 ’ 4” high.
Villa of Mysteries ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
2nd style Dionysiac Mystery frieze, Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, Italy 60-50 BCE  5 ’ 4” high  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Brawl in the Pompeii amphitheater, wall painting from House I,3,23, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 60–79 CE. Fresco, 5 ’ 7” x 6’ 1”. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples.
Restored view and plan of a typical Roman house of the Late Republic and Early Empire (John Burge). (1) fauces, (2) atrium, (3) impluvium, (4) cubiculum, (5) ala, (6) tablinum, (7) triclinium, (8) peristyle.
Atrium of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Italy, second century BCE, rebuilt 62–79 CE.
First Style wall painting in the fauces of the Samnite House, Herculaneum, Italy, late second century BCE.
First Style Wall Painting;    Masonry style Samnite House Herculaneum late 2nd cent BCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Second Style ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Second Style wall paintings (general view  left , and detail of tholos  right ) from cubiculum M of the Villa of Publius Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, Italy, ca. 50–40 BCE. Fresco, 8 ’ 9” high. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Gardenscape,  2nd style Villa of Livia. Primaporta, Italy 30-20 BCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gardenscape, Second Style wall painting, from the Villa of Livia, Primaporta, Italy, ca. 30–20 BCE. Fresco, 6 ’ 7” high. Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Rome.
3rd Style:  ornamental   end of 1st cent BCE Villa of Agrippa Postumus Boscotrecase, Italy 10 BCE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Detail of a Third Style wall painting, from cubiculum 15 of the Villa of Agrippa Postumus, Boscotrecase, Italy, ca. 10 BCE. Fresco, 7 ’ 8” high. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Fourth Style Wall Painting  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Domus Aurea of Nero, Rome Italy 64-68 CE
Fourth Style wall paintings in Room 78 of the Domus Aurea (Golden House) of Nero, Rome, Italy, 64–68 CE.
Fourth Style  Ixion Room, House of the Vetti Pompeii, Italy AD 70-79 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fourth Style wall paintings in the Ixion Room (triclinium P) of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 70–79 CE.
Neptune and Amphitrite, wall mosaic in the summer triclinium of the House of Neptune and Amphitrite, Herculaneum, Italy, ca. 62–79 CE.
 
Portrait of a husband and wife, wall painting from House VII,2,6, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 70–79 CE. Fresco, 1 ’ 11” X 1’ 8 1/2”. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples.
Mummy Portraits ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Still Life with Peaches , detail of 4th style wall painting Herculaneum, Italy CE 62-79 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Still life with peaches, detail of a Fourth Style wall painting, from Herculaneum, Italy, ca. 62–79 CE. Fresco, 1 ’ 2” x 1’ 1 1/2”. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples.
From Republic to Empire  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
From Republic to Empire ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is Propaganda? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],44 BCE Dictator perpetuus JULIUS CAESAR-  Hellenistic portrait
44BC  Julius Caesar Murdered!  The Ides of March ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
THE EARLY EMPIRE 27BC-96AD ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Portrait of Augustus as general, from Primaporta, Italy, early-first-century CE copy of a bronze original of ca. 20 BCE. Marble, 6 ’ 8” high. Musei Vaticani, Rome.
Portrait of Augustus as general ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Aule Metele ( Arringatore) , from Cortona, near Lake Trasimeno, Italy, early first century BCE. Bronze, 5 ’ 7” high. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Florence.
 
Oratorical pose
Cuirass: current events-the return of the captured Roman military standards by the Parthians
Early Empire  Pax Augusta,  PAX ROMANA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Portrait bust of Livia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Portrait bust of Livia, from Arsinoe, Egypt, early first century CE. Marble, 1 ’ 1 1/2” high. Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen.

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AH 1 Ancient Rome part 1

  • 3. Capitoline Wolf , from Rome, Italy, ca. 500–480 BCE. Bronze, 2 ’ 7 1/2” high. Musei Capitolini, Rome.
  • 4. “ The Feral Kid” from Mad Max: Return of the Road Warrior
  • 5. "The Rape of the Sabine Women" (1637-1638) by Nicolas Poussin
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  • 16. Roman concrete construction. (a) barrel vault, (b) groin vault, (c) fenestrated sequence of groin vaults, (d) hemispherical dome with oculus (John Burge).
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  • 18. Restored view of the Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, Palestrina, Italy, late second century BCE (John Burge).
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  • 42. Temple of Portunus (Temple of “Fortuna Virilis”), Rome, Italy, ca. 75 BCE.
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  • 44. Head of an old man, from Osimo, mid-first century BCE. Marble, life-size. Palazzo del Municipio, Osimo.
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  • 46. Portrait of a Roman general, from the Sanctuary of Hercules, Tivoli, Italy, ca. 75-50 BCE. Marble, 6 ’ 2” high. Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Rome.
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  • 48. Funerary relief with portraits of the Gessii, from Rome(?), Italy, ca. 30 BCE. Marble, approx. 2 ’ 1 1/2” high. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
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  • 50. Relief with funerary procession, from Amiternum, Italy, second half of first century BCE. Limestone, 2 ’ 2” high. Museo Nazionale d’Abruzzo, L’Aquila.
  • 51. Aerial view of the forum (looking northeast), Pompeii, Italy, second century BCE and later. (1) forum, (2) Temple of Jupiter (Capitolium), (3) basilica.
  • 52. Aerial view of the amphitheater, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 70 BCE.
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  • 60. Dionysiac mystery frieze, Second Style wall paintings in Room 5 of the Villa of the Mysteries, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 60–50 BCE. Fresco, frieze 5 ’ 4” high.
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  • 65. Brawl in the Pompeii amphitheater, wall painting from House I,3,23, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 60–79 CE. Fresco, 5 ’ 7” x 6’ 1”. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples.
  • 66. Restored view and plan of a typical Roman house of the Late Republic and Early Empire (John Burge). (1) fauces, (2) atrium, (3) impluvium, (4) cubiculum, (5) ala, (6) tablinum, (7) triclinium, (8) peristyle.
  • 67. Atrium of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Italy, second century BCE, rebuilt 62–79 CE.
  • 68. First Style wall painting in the fauces of the Samnite House, Herculaneum, Italy, late second century BCE.
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  • 71. Second Style wall paintings (general view left , and detail of tholos right ) from cubiculum M of the Villa of Publius Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, Italy, ca. 50–40 BCE. Fresco, 8 ’ 9” high. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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  • 73. Gardenscape, Second Style wall painting, from the Villa of Livia, Primaporta, Italy, ca. 30–20 BCE. Fresco, 6 ’ 7” high. Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Massimo alle Terme, Rome.
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  • 75. Detail of a Third Style wall painting, from cubiculum 15 of the Villa of Agrippa Postumus, Boscotrecase, Italy, ca. 10 BCE. Fresco, 7 ’ 8” high. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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  • 77. Fourth Style wall paintings in Room 78 of the Domus Aurea (Golden House) of Nero, Rome, Italy, 64–68 CE.
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  • 79. Fourth Style wall paintings in the Ixion Room (triclinium P) of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 70–79 CE.
  • 80. Neptune and Amphitrite, wall mosaic in the summer triclinium of the House of Neptune and Amphitrite, Herculaneum, Italy, ca. 62–79 CE.
  • 81.  
  • 82. Portrait of a husband and wife, wall painting from House VII,2,6, Pompeii, Italy, ca. 70–79 CE. Fresco, 1 ’ 11” X 1’ 8 1/2”. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples.
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  • 89. Still life with peaches, detail of a Fourth Style wall painting, from Herculaneum, Italy, ca. 62–79 CE. Fresco, 1 ’ 2” x 1’ 1 1/2”. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples.
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  • 96. Portrait of Augustus as general, from Primaporta, Italy, early-first-century CE copy of a bronze original of ca. 20 BCE. Marble, 6 ’ 8” high. Musei Vaticani, Rome.
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  • 98. Aule Metele ( Arringatore) , from Cortona, near Lake Trasimeno, Italy, early first century BCE. Bronze, 5 ’ 7” high. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Florence.
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  • 101. Cuirass: current events-the return of the captured Roman military standards by the Parthians
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  • 104. Portrait bust of Livia, from Arsinoe, Egypt, early first century CE. Marble, 1 ’ 1 1/2” high. Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen.