1. *Land Transport * © COPYRIGHT 2010

2. *Land Transport * © COPYRIGHT 2010

3. *Land Transport - Road * Road Transport is the most common means of transport There are two general categories of Road Transport a. Public - Buses & Taxis © COPYRIGHT 2010

4. *Land Transport - Road * b. Private - Cars, bicycles, motor cycles, trucks, etc. © COPYRIGHT 2010

5. *Land Transport - Road * © COPYRIGHT 2010

6. *Land Transport - Road * Animals on the Road © COPYRIGHT 2010

7. *Land Transport - Road * Non-engined vehicles on the road © COPYRIGHT 2010

8. *Land Transport - Road * Engined vehicles on the road © COPYRIGHT 2010

9. *Road Transport - Advantages * Speed – It can travel at any speed over short distances Convenience – it is ready to be used at any time, no need to follow a fixed timetable Availability – Most places are served by roads. Delivery – Good can be delivered up to doorsteps. © COPYRIGHT 2010

10. *Road Transport - Advantages * Cheapness – it cost less than most other types of transport over short distances. Little Capital Investment – Less capital is required to start a road transport company. Safety – There is less handling and pilfering of goods. © COPYRIGHT 2010

11. *Road Transport - Disadvantages * It is less suitable for carrying too heavy and bulky goods, such as coal and iron ore. It can be slower than rail over long distances because of road vehicles crowded with traffic / traffic congestion. Road vehicles can only carry a certain limit of weight. It creates pollutions, noise and damage to road. More chances for accidents. © COPYRIGHT 2010

13. *Land Transport - Rail * © COPYRIGHT 2010

14. *Land Transport - Rail * Train carry both passengers and goods © COPYRIGHT 2010

15. *Land Transport - Rail * Rail-car are shorter than train and is used mainly to carry passengers and mail © COPYRIGHT 2010

16. *Land Transport - Rail * © COPYRIGHT 2010

17. *Land Transport - Rail * Goods Train (Freight) are ideal for the transportation of bulky, heavy and non-perishable goods such as ore, timber, logs,etc. © COPYRIGHT 2010

18. *Land Transport - Rail * Other types of Train © COPYRIGHT 2010

20. Safer than road for carrying dangerous products, e.g. nuclear

21. Provides faster services for goods and passengers especially over long distances.

22. Cheapest mode of land transport for long journey© COPYRIGHT 2010

24. Travel on railway tracks only

25. High maintenance expenses

26. No door-to-door services© COPYRIGHT 2010

27. *Some Modern Developments in transport* Pipeline transport Widely used since the 19th century for supplying gas and water to local areas. Now commonly used for transferring gas and liquids over long distances. © COPYRIGHT 2010

28. *Some Modern Developments in transport* Containerisation Containers are large ‘boxes’ usually built with steel frames and aluminium panels. Each container can be quickly and easily loaded onto and unloaded from the carrying vehicle or ship by mechanical means at destination. © COPYRIGHT 2010

29. *Some Modern Developments in transport* These containers are of standard sizes and can be transferred between different forms of transport that are designed to hold standard containers. © COPYRIGHT 2010

30. *Pipeline transport – Advantages* Low maintenance and fuel costs compare to using vehicles. Not affected by weather. Less air pollution. © COPYRIGHT 2010

31. *Pipeline transport – Disadvantages* Limited in use because it can only carry one type of product. High installation costs. © COPYRIGHT 2010