This document discusses different modes of transportation including rail, road, water, air, and pipeline. It outlines the key advantages and disadvantages of each mode. Rail transportation is most commonly used for heavy and bulky loads over long distances by land, though it has limitations around flexibility. Road transportation is the most widely used and flexible mode, able to access nearly any location, though it has higher costs over long distances. Water transportation via ship is ideal for heavy goods being transported between countries internationally, though delivery times are longer. Air transportation has the advantage of speed but is the most costly option. Pipelines are effective for transporting liquids like oil and gas over long distances at low cost, but have high initial investment and are inflexible

1. TRANSPORTATION

2. Submitted By…
Ragesh kumar. R
Commerce
Roll No.13387006

3.  Introduction
 Mode of transport
 Intermodal transport
 Ownership of transport
 Routing vehicles

4.  TRANSPORT is responsible for the
physical movement of materials between
points in the supply chain
 At the heart of logistics are transport
vehicles moving goods between suppliers
and customers

5. Mode of Transport
 The mode of transport describes the type
of transport used.
 There are basically five different options;
*Rail * Road * Air
* Water * Pipeline

6. Rail
 Most commonly used for heavy and bulky
loads over long land journeys
 They are almost invariably public carriers
rather than private carriers
 The rail service is not nationalised, it is
allowed a monopoly

7. Advantage of Rail
 Rail is that once the infrastructure is in place, it
has very high capacity and low unit costs.
 Railway is the safest form of transport
 Railways perform many public utility services
 Unit transport cost is low

8. Disadvantage of Rail
 Its inflexibility
 Trains can only travel along specified routes
between fixed terminals, and cannot stop at
intermediary points
 Obvious limitation of only being used on land
 Rail transport cannot provide door to door
service

9. Road
 The most widely used mode of transport
and is used at least somewhere in almost
all supply chains.
 Road transport can normally carry loads
up to, say, 20–30 tonnes

10. Advantage of Road
 Main benefit is flexibility, being able to visit almost
any location
 Travel speed can be an important consideration
 Use extensive road networks
 Large number of carriers working in the same
areas
 Easy to monitor location of goods

11. Disadvantage of Road
 These become relatively expensive,so road
transport is generally used for shorter distances
 Used for delivering finished goods than bulky
raw materials
 Lorries are particularly vulnerable to congestion
and traffic delays
 Obvious limitation of only being used on land

12. Different types of road vehicle
 Delivery vans
 Flat-bed lorries

13.  Box-bodied lorries
 Articulated lorries
 Lorry and trailer

14. Water
 Most supply chains use shipping to cross
the oceans,over 90% of world trade is
moved by sea (UK, Australia,USA..)

15. Advantage of Water
 Ideal for transporting
heavy and bulky goods
 Suitable for products
with long lead times
 Cheapest traffic means
 Requires cheap motor
powers than for
airplanes

16. Disadvantage of Water
 Longer lead/delivery
times and slow
 Difficult to monitor
exact location of
goods in transit
 Its inflexibility in being
limited to appropriate
ports
 Transfers to ships
take time

17. Basically three types of water
transport;
* Rivers and Canals →
← * Coastal Shipping
* Ocean Transport →

18. Different types of vessel
* General cargo ships →→
← ← ←* Bulk carriers
* Tankers →→ →→

19. * Container ships →→
← ← ← ← * Ferries
* Barges →→→→
← * Combination ships

20. Air
 Passengers account for
most airline business,
with eight billion
passenger kilometres
flown a year in the UK.

21. Avantage of Air
 Main advantage is speed of delivery
 Useful for Cargo companies For ex;
Yurtiçi,UPS,Aras etc..

22. Disavantage of Air
 Transfers to plane take time in the airport
 It is costly transport
 Competition can also be fierce
 Weight limits is prevent carrying amount of
materials.

23. Pipeline
 The main uses of pipelines are oil and gas
together with the utilities of water and
sewage.
 They can also be used for a few other
types of product such as pulverised coal in
oil.

24. Advantage of Pipeline
 Moving large quantities over
long distances.
 Cheapest way of moving
liquids For ex; oil and gas
 Local networks can add
flexibility by delivering to a
wide range of locations

25. Disadvantage of Pipeline
 Being slow
 Inflexible
 Only carrying large
volumes of certain types
of fluid
 Huge initial investment of
building dedicated
pipelines

26. THANK YOU FOR
YOUR LİSTENİNG
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