ROADWAYS WATERWAYS AIRWAYS Transportation means movement of passenger by vehicle on road,by ship in water,by aircraft in air

1. TRANSPORTATION
CREATED BY : RAJESH GOSWAMI

3.  Transportation means the
movement of people or goods
3
 Transportation should be…
- Safe
- Environment Friendly

4.  Transportation means movement
of passenger by vehicle on
road,by ship in water,by aircraft
in air

5. INDIAIndia is the seventh biggest country in
the world;
Total area of India is estimated to be
3,287,240 square kilometer;
Population of India : 1210.2 million (as
per Census 2011);
Hence, it is very important to develop
seamless accessible public transport

6. 6
MODES OF TRNSPORTATION
1) Highway
2)RAILWAY

7. 7
3) Water
4)Air

8.  Road transpotation is the
transport of passenger or
goods on road by vehicle.
 The most common vehicle
is the automobile like
buses,trucks,motorcycle,&
bicycle.

9.  CLASSIFICATION OF ROADS
• NATIONAL HIGHWAY (NH)
• STATE HIGHWAY (SH)
• MAJOR DISTRICT ROAD (MDR)
• OTHER DISTRICT ROAD (ODR)
• VILLAGE ROAD (VR)

10. • Road can be constructed at comparatively lower
initial cost than railway.
• road transport offers quick and assured
deliveries.
• Road provide good commercial links between
cities.
• Road transport has a high employment potential.
• A porsonal touch is generally present in road
transportation.
• For short hauls road transport is the only
economical .

11.  One of the servious disadvantage of road transport
is its poor record of safety.
 The poor construction and maintenance of road
contribute to overall increase of the operation
cost of vehicles.
 Road transport consumed greater energy than
railway.
 Road transport has caused problem of parking
in city streets.
 Road transport has low carrying capacity of
passengers and good compare to railway and
waterway.

12. Railways
• Rail transport is
means of
conveyance of
passenger and good
by way of wheeled
vehicle running on
rail. Railway have
been developed both
for long distance
transportation and
for urban travel .

13. IndianRailways – Span& Importance
• Indian Largest rail network in
Asia and the world's second
largest under one
management;
• Railways are a multi-gauge,
multi-traction system covering
over one hundred thousand
track kilometers;
• Carries near about 30 million
passengers daily;
• Reaches to the remotest of part
of the country ;
• The above results in increasing
its demand year after year.

14. Country Billion passengers Year
Japan 22.67 2010
India 8.03 2010
Germany 1.95 2010
People's Republic of China 1.86 2011
United Kingdom 1.33 2010
France 1.14 2009
Russia 1.14 2009
South Korea 1.06 2010
Italy 0.64 2009
Spain 0.57 2010
South Africa 0.53 2007
India appears on the second position in the list of passengers carried in rail
transport per year (Countries with more than 500 million
passengers):
Even though many advanced technologies or superior designs of coaches have
long been made available to people in Europe, Japan and now China, replicating
or adapting those to meet the needs of people in India is far from reality.

15. Type of trains
• There are various type of trains that are
designed for particular purposes a train
can consist of a combination of one or
more locomotives and attached railroad
cars
1) ELECTRIC
2) DIESEL
3) STEAM

16. Railways track
I. Rails
II. Sub-ballast
III.Sleepers
IV.Embankment
V. ballast

17. • Growing Population: Increased in
urban population from 62 million in
1951 to 285 million in 2001 and is
estimated to be around 540 million by
the year 2021
• Extension of cities far beyond old city
boundaries
• Increased Urban trips : 80 million trips
will need to be catered per day,
whereas only 37 million trips are being
provided by the available rail and bus
mass transport facilities
• Scattered residential and commercial
development without necessary
infrastructure
Reason for Increase in Demand

18. Challenges faced by Indian Railways
• Overcrowding, low frequency and lack of
universal design
• Lack of financial resources
• Low per-capita income : 23 percent of
Indian urban population living in poverty
• Extremely low fares : Due to 70% (as per
the Census 2011) of Indian population living
in rural area
• Misuse of Coach for Disabled

19. The coach for disabled does not facilitate independent and dignified
access to a user as the component of manual assistance invariably
remains due to:
 Unleveled platform
 Tactile warning
blocks up to the
disabled coach only
hence posing trip
hazard
 Lack of
enforcement leads
to overcrowding

20. • Lack of provision for inter-platform transfers for people with
disabilities putting their safety at question. They are forced to use
the railway tracks for crossing hence increasing the risk of accident.

21. Advantages of railways
I. It is seen that railways transport is more faster
than the road transport.
II. The railways can meet seasonal fluctuations
in traffic.
III. Railways journey is cheap especially for long
distances.
IV.Provides cheap , convenient and safe mode
of transport.
V. Mobilizing troops and war equipment in time
of war and emergencies.

22. Disadvantages of railways
I. Initial construction cost of tracks , trains ,
stations , is high.
II. Tracks are reserved only for the movement
of trains.
III. Operational controls are essential in the
form of signaling and interlocking.
IV. Railways are suitable for specific service
only.

23. Water
transportation is
the process of
transport that a
watercraft, such as
a barge , boat ,
makes over a body
of after such as a
sea , ocean, lake,
canal or river.

24. I. Water transport in modern times is very
safe.
II. The handling capacity of ports and harbors
is a major bottleneck.
III. Higher load carrying capacity for bulky and
heavy commodities.
IV. It requires cheap motive power for its
working.
V. It encourages consumption of foreign
goods.

25. I. It is slow in speed due to circuitous routes of
water and it consumes more time.
II. Frequent storms and hurricanes result in
great loss of life and material.
III. It required more time for loading and
unloading of cargo.
IV. Initial construction cost of habours and ports
is high.
V. It required special handing equipment for
loading and unloading of cargo.

26. Transport by air is
the fastest among
the four modes.
Aircraft and
helicopter use the
airways. Air travel
also provides more
comfort apart from
using in
transportation time
for the passengers
and goods between
the air ports

27. I. Central govt. aerodromes
II. State govt. aerodromes
III. Privates owned licensed aerodromes
IV. Air force aerodromes

28. I. International airport
II. Private airport
III. Domestic airport
IV. Defence airport

29. I. Air transport has a good record of safety.
II. Air travel is the most convenient form of
transport.
III. The air service can be used for aerial
photography.
IV. It is extremely useful in case of floods for
dropping food Packets to the affected
people.

30. I. It is seen that the air transport is the most
fuel consuming mode .
II. Special training is required and given to
the pilots.
III. Accident results in great loss of life.
IV. Small or limited quantity of cargo can be
handled by aircraft
V. Air transport can be operated only under
favorable climatic conditions.

31. Thank you