AA Female Slaves Struggles

African American Female Slaves
Even with the gains from Reconstruction, African Americans continued to struggle because they
could not easily be economically independent. There were limited opportunities for paid labor and
they were subjected to racial segregation and slave codes as well as sexual violence from white men,
especially their employers.1 Freedpeople's economic independence was undermined when assailants
seized their land, stole their means of support, burned their homes, wrecked their possessions, and
denied them access to land. This limited the ability for African American men to work and support
their families.10 Violent gangs regulated and coerced black farm laborers. Many African Americans
worked for their former masters in conditions that were slave–like, meaning harsh, brutal work, and
long hours. Since white men had to be the employers, they set low wages and forced all blacks
including men, women, and children to be laborers.18 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When night riders would come into a family's house in the middle of the night with the intent of
rape, in some rare cases, women used intimidation to prevent assailants from following through on
their threats, like running for weapons or objects that could hurt someone. Since most women were
overpowered, they simply turned to negotiation. Some women where able to avoid the sexual assault
by claiming they had a physical ailment, such as just having a miscarriage or being unsuited for men
by having a venereal disease or something of that sort.19 When women tried to negotiate their way
out of the manipulation rather than use direct resistance, the white men would argue that the
negotiation meant willingness
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Fredrick Douglass An American Slave
When people learn that an education can give oneself freedom, power, and knowledge oneself can
conquer any problem that comes its way. It is oneself responsibility to take advantage of its free
education that I and everyone is given here in the United States. It seems people that are restricted
from receiving an education are the ones that are determined to do whatever it takes to get an
education so oneself can improve one's life. I read the Fredrick Douglass an American Slave. It
seemed a bit harsh the way he was treated. He had a mistress that wanted to teach him how to read
and learn his ABCs but when her husband found out what she was doing he said to her "If you give
a nigger an inch, he will take an ell. A nigger should know nothing

Slaves And American Women During The 1800s
Slaves and American Women Most African Americans were enslaved in the 1800s in America,
especially in the south. This time period was also a time when women were not receiving adequate
rights compared to men. Abolitionists, those working to end slavery, began coming together to fight
the evils of slavery. Fredrick Douglass, a runaway slave, formed a new life after escaping by giving
talks, working to abolish slavery, and writing a narrative of his whole life that he got published to
help the movement to abolish slavery. In 1837, Sarah M. Grimke wrote, "Legal Disabilities of
Women" which compared women 's rights to those of a slave. Sarah Grimke compared white
American married women to slaves because she was infuriated with some laws that ... Show more
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Sarah Grimke writes, "By marriage, the husband and wife are one person in law; that is, the very
being, or legal existence of the woman is suspended during the marriage, or at least is incorporated
and consolidated into that of the husband under whose wing, protection and cover she performs
everything" (Grimke 1). What Grimke is explaining is that the man would take control of everything
that the woman owned after marriage and they became one person, but the man had all the power to
do what he wanted with what they owned, even whatever the female owned before they became
married. In both senses, slaves and women were being "absorbed" by the master or husband as he
took complete control over them and what they owned. Another similarity between slaves and
married white women was the cruel way that they were spoken to, they were both disrespected.
Slave overseers often treated the slaves with much disrespect and cruelty to scare them and keep
them in order. Grimke points out that "The slaveholder does kill his slave by moderate correction, as
the law allows; and many a husband, among the poor, exercises the right given him by the law, of
degrading women by personal chastisement" (Grimke 3). Men felt a sense of authority over both
slaves and women to talk down on them in order to feel more powerful. Lastly, Women and slaves
were similar in that they both

Frederick Douglass: An American Slave
Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave Journal: Today, I began my day like usual, working
on the plantation. I was born a slave. All I knew was my grandma since my parents had to work long
hard days and the plantation owners did not want families to be together. We were both black and
she, too, never knew her parents. One day she took me to meet some other kids who lived on the
plantation and when I turned around she was gone. I never saw her again and I had been working on
this plantation since then. Today, I have become good friends with some of the other slaves and we
made a plan to escape. I was very tense because if I failed I knew that I was going to get beaten. We
stole a canoe from our master and we rowed from Chesapeake Bay to Pennsylvania. When we got
there, the slave catcher was there and he took me back to my master. As soon as I got back my
master was waiting with a whip and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I woke up early and dressed in my blue collared shirt and tied a white handkerchief, commonly
worn by sailors. My previous work on a shipyard gave me the knowledge I needed on how to work
on a ship. I got into a horse drawn carriage owned by one of my friends to avoid buying a ticket at
the railroad station because I did not want my papers to be carefully examined. So instead, I waited
for the train to leave, then I raced up to the car assigned for blacks and jumped aboard as the wheels
started to turn. The adventures now began! It took a long time for the conductor to make his way
down the aisle collecting the tickets. When he got to me he asked if I had my free papers, I told him
as casually as I could that I never carried my free papers to sea with me. He scanned my seamen's
papers which had an American eagle at the top and looked very official, which they were. It was a
good thing he only peeked at the papers because the sailor described in no way matched me at all.
He sold me my ticket and I was on my

The Political And Economic Rights Of The African American...
Slave trade represented a domestic institution in the United States and was mainly regulated by the
local government.Moreover, the slave possessorslead the nations' national government. Abolitionism
refers to a movement coined in the 18th and 19th centuries that attempted to end the enslavement of
the African Americans. The movement was particularly focused on stopping the Atlantic slave trade
conductedin the Atlantic Ocean between the Africans, Europeans, and the Americans.Abolitionism
had begunback in the 15thcentury when most of the slaves would kill their masters, poison food,
plot revolts, either run away or kill themselves.By the 1700s, ideas on Christianity, theindustrial
revolution that brought about new ideas regarding liberty and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Such colonies had passed legislation that inhibited the African slaves from practicing entitlements
such as freedom of association and movement.
The middle colonies like New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania also had laws that encouraged
the slave trade and robbed the African slaves of their fundamental rights. Such laws were
structuredspecifically for the African slaves. For instance, in New York, a slave discovered 40 miles
North of Albany was considered to be fleeing to Canada and could be killedif two witnesses could
testify against them. Additionally, in the same city, slaves were not permitted to walk the streets after
dark without having a lighted Lantern. The population of slaves in New York grew tremendously
during the period of 1700, and 1740 making the city emerge the biggest in theslave population in the
region. Most of the slaves worked in the domestic domain by serving the wealthy families in the
area. Slavery within the other regions was not widespread because landowners practiced small–scale
agriculture; hence, they did not require the slaves plus some settlers in the rural areas of the middle
colonies were against the moral oppression of the slaves. In contrast, none of the above conditions
prevailed in the Southern colonies.
In 1733, Georgia became a slavery–free English colony; however, the injunction of slavery

African Americans: Slave Trade To The New World
African civilizations lived within their own family groups. The Africans and Europeans already
established trade and routes among themselves prior to the evolution of the New World. The trading
of slaves started when the Europeans recognized that they Africans were beneficial in areas of trade,
labor and artistic. During the eve of the slave trade to the New World, African Societies were
comfortably living in their civilization that were separated into communities that were
predominately designed for families. These people were busy farmers, pastoralists or hunters who
worked hard in their cultural setting. They did not know that one day they would become slaves in a
foreign world (Schultz, 2014). As stated by Schultz (2014), "Politics

African American Slave Rebellions In The 1800s
Slave revolts normally happened outside of the plantation system and in large cities were the slaves
were able to act more freely. It's estimated there were at least 250 slave rebellions in America before
slavery was abolished in 1865.Most tales of what happened during those rebellions could be bias
seen as they were written by whites rather than by the slaves that started the revolt. Since African
American slaves accounted for more than one–third of the population in the 18th century, slave
rebellions were a large source of fear for white Americans in the south.
Nathaniel who also went by the alias "Nat" Turner was an African American slave who led the only
effective and sustained slave rebellion in U.S. history. A mutiny was planned but rescheduled for
August 21, 1831, when ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This rebellion took place in Richmond Virginia. Many believed that Prosser's rebellion was inspired
by the American Revolution, though many debate the idea. Months prior to the revolt, they
estimated that several thousand other slaves would join their rebellion with pikes and swords made
by the slave Prosser planned to initiate the battle on the night of August 30, 1800. However, earlier
that day two slaves who wanted to protect their masters so they betrayed Prosser and went to the
authorities. A rainstorm delayed the uprising by 24 hours, preventing Prosser's army from
assembling outside Richmond and providing the city time to prepare a defense for their families and
lives. Realizing their plan had been told to the authorities, Prosser and many of his followers
escaped into the countryside. Approximately 35 slaves that helped to lead the rebellion were caught
and executed; But Prosser escaped to Norfolk where he was betrayed by slaves who claimed the
reward for his. Prosser was shipped to Richmond and tried for his role in the uprising. He was found
guilty on October 6, 1800 and executed the following

North American Slave Trade Essay
Sugar cane, tobacco, and cotton plantations in the New–World were labour intensive and took a lot
of manpower to cultivate. To meet that demand for labour, European countries such as Portugal and
Britain sailed their ships to West African shores with weapons, manufactured goods and rum to give
to the natives in exchange for slaves. The slaves would then be crammed into the ships and made to
live in subhuman conditions so they would be taken to the Americas. More than 20% of the slaves
wouldn't survive the arduous journey, some of them would commit suicide to avoid further
suffering, some would die of disease and some would even be thrown overboard as a mean of
discipline.
The slave trade has had many long and short term effects, in fact I'd ... Show more content on
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To justify slavery, Europeans claimed that Africans were biologically different to "normal" humans
and they're destined to be slaves. This aspect of slavery is seldom mentioned in text books and is
overlooked by many which is odd as racism is still a part of North American and European culture.
The slave trade made Britain very rich which in turn lead to the Industrial Revolution. The crops
grown by the slaves were luxury products such as tobacco, cocoa, and sugar. This allowed the
British to have very high profit margins when selling them to their colonies. It's estimated that
Britain made £3.8M (£450M adjusted for inflation) from slave based agriculture and £60M(£8
BILLION adjusted for inflation) from slave sales. These profits helped finance everything from
cotton factories to James Watt, the inventor of the steam engine.
To conclude, the slave trade has had a huge impact on our world and and had more effects than any
other trade route. It has a played a massive role in shaping the world we live in and we can still see
its effects hundreds and hundreds of years after it

Impact Of Slavery On African American Slave Trade
African American slave trade was gruesome, barbaric, and just evil until 1865 when there was a
shred of hope from the emancipation proclamation. At the time that slavery was established it was
more of an institution instead of a slave trade; the number was small but slaves worked in all the
colonies. Before the constitution was established Northern states either abolished slavery or they
made laws for gradual emancipation of slaves. The ordinance of 1787 kept many slaves from new
territories, so with that slavery only existed in the south where they became regions "peculiar
institution. In this time slavery was just starting to soon become a way of life for many Americans
including slaves themselves.
From the beginning slavery existed even ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1859, two years after the Scott decision the would spark passion in the nation had occurred.
Abolitionist and 22 men raided a federal arsenal leading to the deaths of 10 people, then soon the
south would reach a breaking point. Three months in to president Lincolns presidency several
southern states seceded to make the confederate stated of America, and four more followed after the
civil war. With Lincoln being anti–slavery, the central union war set first to not abolish slavery. To
be an abolitionist only became a goal later to the fact that military necessities grew anti–slavery in
the north and self–emancipation was the idea for many African Americans who sought to flee
slavery as union troops when into the

How Personal Values And Beliefs Influenced The Black...
How Personal Values and Beliefs Influenced the Black American Slave Narrative: "Incidents in the
Life of a Slave Girl" and Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass" Compared.
Throughout the abolition movement, both men and women slaves were trying to escape from
slavery, and find their way to freedom in the North. Many of wrote their stories down. Some with
the aid of ghost writers, and often under pseudonyms to protect their safety. These slave narratives
spoke of the sufferings of the slave experience in America (Campbell 1). Because black men and
black woman experienced slavery differently, they wrote about them differently. Those differences
can be seen in a comparison of Frederick Douglass's, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass,
An American Slave (1845), and of Harriet A. Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, Written
by Herself (1861).
Jacobs and Douglass have similar backgrounds. Both write of their experiences while enslaved, yet
as their narratives are compared a distinction can be made between the core values and purposes
between the two. Douglass's audience is towards anyone who will listen, and underscores the brutal
violence, and dehumanization of the American slave. Jacob's views are more emotional and directed
towards the upper class white woman whose sympathies she believes will align with her own as a
mother and a woman.
Douglas writes, "You have seen how a man was made a slave; you shall see how a slave was made a
man" (Douglass).

Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American...
While Slavery was against human nature and while Abolitionists believed in ending the practice of
slavery, the South had their own reasons why slavery was needed in America and how basically they
supported pro slavery. For instance, some arguments for slavery followed this so–called logic:
"Sudden end to the slave economy would have had a profound and killing economic impact in the
South where reliance on slave labor was the foundation of their economy. If all the slaves were
freed, there would be widespread unemployment and chaos. And by comparison with the poor of
Europe and the workers in the Northern states, that slaves were better cared for" (ushistory.org). But
in a section from, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, written by him,
Douglass describes some of the brutality that he had witnessed. "The overseer's name was Plummer.
Mr. Plummer was a miserable drunkard, a profane swearer, and a savage monster. He always went
armed with a cowskin and a heavy cudgel. I have known him to cut and slash the woman's heads so
horribly, that even master would be enraged at his cruelty, and would threaten to whip him if he did
not mind himself. Master, however, was not a humane slaveholder" (Douglass 44). This shows the
brutality that even female slaves endured and while the Maser may have showed some sense against
the cruelty that the slaves faced, it wasn't enough to say that they too were also cruel. Just putting
aside the inhumanity depicted in true

Native American And African Slaves
As the Native American population had been decimated by genocide and war, England looked to
African slaves to provide them with the necessary labor to harvest tobacco. Although African slaves
had the same status as that of an indentured servant, African slaves began to become more and more
restricted, losing all human and civil rights. These restrictions were placed on African slaves to
protect the rights of the indentured Englishmen, and developed a social/political system based of
segregation and discrimination, ultimately leading to the modern ideology of the world, racism.
Native Americans were not spared from the stupidity of racial superiority, and like Africans, were
forced into slavery. Native American slavery though predominately in the Spanish colonies was used
in North America. Though unlike the Mesoamerican slaves, the North American slaves were also the
slavers. The colonists of North America lured Native Americans to capture other Native Americans
in exchange for trade goods and alliances, forcing Native Americans to choose between being the
slaver or the slaved, much like some African tribes. In South America, the Spaniards enticed nearly
100,000 under false promises of riches, and instead enslaved them, forcing them to harvest guano
(bird excrements), an export from Peru that had a value of fifteen billion dollars. As slavery spread
throughout the New World, much of the African, Chinese, and indigenous culture began to mix
together, resulting in a unique

African American Slave Culture Essay
Music in the slave cultural was very essential to the slaves and their everyday survival during the
times of slavery. The music created by Africans during slavery laid the foundation for all styles of
African American music and culture as we know today in society. There are a variety of types of
slave genres such as religious songs, work songs, and recreational songs. Each genre had its own
types of functions, characteristics, and expressions that slaves wanted to express through music but
they all had a commonality, which was that they all wanted to express strong emotions toward
physical experiences and physiological experiences that was endured as a slave.
Religious songs were sacred and were used for religious worships. Religious songs represented the
practices of Christianity. Two examples of the religious songs I listened to from the PBS "Music in
life" module were "Do Lord, Remember me" and "Run Old Jeremiah". The song "Do Lord,
Remember me" showed that it was repetitive.The song lyrics "Do, Lord, do, Lord, Lord, remember
me" was constantly being repeated throughout the whole song, while a banjo accompanied the artist
voices. The artist asked the lord when he's on his knees praying do lord ... Show more content on
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Slaves performed recreational songs during recreational activities on Saturdays and Sundays. Slave
Master's encouraged slaves to sing for their entertainment and to keep the slaves fit. Examples of
recreational songs are " Bile Them Cabbage Down" and "Go to Sleep". The song "Bile Them
Cabbage Down" was a fiddle tune, that had a rhythmic syncopation. This tune seemed to be very
uplifting and i could only imagine how slaves was dancing to this tune. This tune was played using a
violin and gave a inspiring type of happiness. The song "Go to Sleep" gave a more relaxing type of
melody, and also was repetitive the artist constantly repeated " Go to sleep little

African American Slaves In The Caribbean In 1789
In 1789 Saint–Domingue produced 60% of the world's coffee and 40% of the world's sugar
imported by France and Britain. The colony was the most profitable possession of the French
Empire. Saint–Domingue was also the wealthiest and most prosperous colony, for the plantation
owners at least, of all the colonies in the Caribbean.
In 1789, whites numbered 32,000; mulattoes and free blacks, 28,000; and dark slaves, an expected
452,000. The most reduced class of society was oppressed blacks, who dwarfed whites and free
non–white individuals by an edge of ten to one. The slave populace on the island totaled portion of
the one million slaves in the Caribbean by 1789. 66% were African–conceived, and they had a
tendency to be less tame than those conceived in the Americas. The passing rate in the Caribbean
surpassed the conception rate, so imports of subjugated Africans were important to keep up the
numbers required to work the estates. The slave populace declined at a yearly rate of two to five
percent, because of workaholic behavior, lacking nourishment and sanctuary, deficient dress and
medicinal consideration, and an irregularity between the genders, with a greater number of men than
ladies. A few slaves were of a creole exclusive class of urban slaves and domestics, who filled in as
cooks, individual workers and artisans ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Around that time, colonial legislations, concerned with this growing and strengthening population,
passed discriminatory laws that visibly differentiated these freedmen by dictating their clothing and
where they could live. These laws also barred them from occupying many public offices. Many of
these freedmen were also artisans and overseers, or domestic servants in the plantation houses. Le
Cap Français, a northern port, had a large population of freed slaves, and these men would later
become important leaders in the 1791 slave rebellion and later

Slaves Of African American Independence
During the war of Independence, the slaves of African descent were led in many different directions.
British was promising to free them and were not fulfilling their end of the deal, "British was
recognized as independent, yet they kept the salve–owning exclusive." (Chasteen, 111); while in
other places the slaves were being freed. In Brazil the emperor Pedro 11 freed his own slaves. Slaves
of the African descent were said to know much more than other slaves, such as; they knew how to
work with iron, they knew how to care and tend to farmlands and animals, overall, they had a lot of
experience that they brought with them. Because of their worth the slave owners did not want give
them up. Some of the slaves were even taught how to read and write,

African Slaves Influence On American Culture
African slaves had influenced the United States with culture and work practices which impacted
both the Northern and Southern economy during through the 16th and 19th centuries. Upon arriving
in America, slaves were not just people in the minds of most colonists, but a tool to promote
economic achievements thrusting American imports and exports on the world stage. Their culture as
farmers and their ability to work and cultivate in extremely hot temperatures made the African
people suitable for American agricultural needs. However, what made them appropriate for slavery
was also combined in the belief that they were born with low academic abilities and their enteral
submissive nature made that population perfect for the institution of slavery. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
African slavery encompassed the Northern and Southern parts of America, but a growing discontent
for the institution of slavery was being pursued and talks of abolishing it was being discussed years
before the Revolutionary War. John Ferling, author of the widely acclaimed novel, A Leap in the
Dark: The Struggle to Create the American Republic, wrote, "Whether because of the enlightenment
or the natural right's ideology of the American Revolution, increasing numbers of citizens by 1887
had begun to question the institution of slavery...[which helped in] pass[ing] the Northwest
Ordinance...forbid[ding] slavery in a vast territory that would of ultimately include the states of
Ohio Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin." George Washington criticized slavery by
asserting, "There is no man living...who wishes more sincerely than I do, to see a plan adopted for
the gradual abolition of it [slavery]." "In 1773, Patrick Henry denounced slavery saying the
institution was "repugnant to humanity... [and]...inconsistent with the Bible." However, both men,
like most men during that time who own land, owned slaves, but Washington and Henry were
reported to have released their slaves or most after the war. Thomas Jefferson wanted to allure an
effort to insert a reference of his displeasure

African Slave Trade in American History
"African Slave Trade in American History"
Slavery has taken place throughout the world since before ancient times, and the act of trading
slaves was a common act throughout the world for centuries. Slavery previously existed in certain
parts of Africa, Europe, Asia, and also in America before the beginning of the Trans–Atlantic slave
trade. What initially started out as an enormous search for trade in gold, spices, and etc., ended up
turning into an callous human trading system of exporting African slaves, which would continue for
well over 400 years. In the late 15th century, Europeans and Arabs removed slaves from the West,
Central and Southeast Africa overseas during the African slave trade era. The European
establishment of Africa ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In most cases the original people that were chosen for labor had proved that they were unreliable
and most of them were dying from diseases brought over from Europe. The Europeans were
unequipped to become acclimated to the different climates in which they suffered very major
tropical diseases. Africans, on the other hand, were outstanding workers: "they often had experience
of agriculture and keeping cattle, they were used to a tropical climate, resistant to tropical diseases,
and they could be "worked very hard" on plantations or in mines."
The Portuguese proceeded to the kidnapping of men, woman, and children from many African tribes
from the west coast of Africa and to take those that were captured to Europe and various other
countries. By the seventeenth century the Trans–Atlantic slave trade was in full operation, reaching
its peak towards the end of the nineteenth century. "More than 15 million Africans were forced to
leave Africa to cross the Atlantic to be sold into slavery. In addition, millions of Africans lost their
lives because of slave retaliation or during their forced transportation to the ships where they would
be transported to the Americas." Many of the Africans that were enslaved were previously prisoners
of war or became prisoners from slave attacks that took place during their capture. As the need for
slaves increased, so did the practice of organized slave attacking, which increased in scope and

Summary Of African American Female Slave By Harriet Jacobs
This story is about an African American female slave, Harriet Jacobs, writing about her trials and
tribulations that her life in bondage has brought to her. The letter commences with her describing her
type of work which is taking care of the master's children. The story makes a 180 when she
addresses the fact that she turned fifteen and the master starts to sexually pursue her. She describes
the different ways he tries to seduce her. Furthermore, she tries to avoid him as long as she
physically can, trying to not allow her nightmare to come true. From my point of view, the author is
trying to convey how helpless her situation was and how wrong it felt to just give herself up just
because of her slave status. Unfortunately, she eventually

Role Of Slaves In American Culture
slaves could nearly develop a kind of culture or society. The expansive number of slaves made
supervision troublesome and chance for escaper were more prominent. On these huge homesteads,
slaves were separated into various gatherings relying upon their work, for example, field–specialists
or house hirelings. These last specified, were viewed as high in positioning. They had the advantage
of keeping away from physically requesting work and ate better nourishment and were dressed
better, be that as it may, they endured the practically steady perception of their proprietors. Female
house workers were especially helpless against manhandle by indecent experts. Moreover, because
of the huge measure of slaves causing an impersonalization of the general

African American Slave Trade Essay
The slave trade did not reach Africa until they were able to find a way to get themselves across the
ocean and reach Africa. Once they were able to find a way to the West Coast, they never stopped
going. They continued enslaving people from Africa, and the more popular it got, the more that
other countries got involved. "The transatlantic slave trade began during the 15th century when
Portugal, and subsequently other European kingdoms, were finally able to expand overseas and
reach Africa. The Portuguese first began to kidnap people from the west coast of Africa and to take
those they enslaved back to Europe." It took several European countries many tries to find a
passageway over into Africa, and once they did, slavery took off. The Portuguese ... Show more
"British involvement expanded rapidly in response to the demand for labour to cultivate sugar in
Barbados and other British West Indian islands." The British became involved once other countries
did. When there was a need for something, like sugar, they got more and more laborers from Africa.
The more people they had, the faster the work was done which helped them make money much
quicker than just doing the work for themselves. People thought of Africans as poor, so they often
believed that it was a good thing that they were brought to Europe to work because they thought
they could not be doing any better in Africa. They thought that they were doing the people of Africa
a favor by getting them out of their country and bringing them to work in Europe, but they were
really making their lives difficult – especially when they had to make the voyage over to Europe
where several people died. "Some pretend that the Africans, in general, are a set of poor, ignorant,
dispersed, unsociable people; and that they think it no crime to sell one another, and even their own
wives and children; therefore they bring them away to a situation where many of them may arrive to
a better state than ever they could obtain in their own native country." It hurt the African people to
be taken away from their

Latin American Slave Trade
Araujo A.Lucia. "Forgetting and Remembering the Atlantic Slave Trade: The Legacy of Brazilian
Slave Merchant Franscisco Felix de Souza," in Crossing Memories. (Trenton, NJ: Africa World
Press, 2011), 70–103.
This chapter is about Franscisco Felix de Souza who is among the most widely studied slave
merchants. Francisco is known of his slave trade activities between Brazil and Benin during the
period of the transatlantic trade. The author's main concern is to explore postmemory elements of
Brazilian slave trade from a biographical perspective of the life of Fransisco. An introspection into
the life of Franscisco, according to the author, is an important element of understanding the
relationship and aspects of mutual benefit between slave merchants ... Show more content on
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The author argues that the Latin American CEBs strengthened the fight for democracy while the
Protestants did not contribute much to the fight. A critical examination of the context reveals that
religion only had a small part in the liberation of Latin Americans. The role of religion is mainly
limited to social change and promoting people to make independent decisions and yearn for self–
governing. Religion paved the way for economic, political and historical factors that led to the
gaining of independence and democracy. The paper shows that religion only forms one part of the
struggle for independence even for Afro–Brazilians. This is crucial in introducing other political
factors that were in play during the abolishment of slavery in Brazil. The paper also shows the
importance of religion as a social construct for a society. After the abolishment of slavery in Brazil,
many liberated Afro–Brazilians constructed their cultural identity around church practices and
rituals. Despite the differences in practices, religion remains as one of the unifying factors of
community, and this helps in nurturing and advancing democracy.
Wonders of the African World. Directed by Henry Louis Gates. Distributed by PBS Home Video,
1999. Film.
A short film documentary presented by PBS that depicts the African Slave Empire in Africa around
the 1400s. The film discusses the influences of DeSouza, and the trading of slaves through their own
African blood. There are important elements throughout the documentary that discuss how
important the slave trade was to Latin

Essay On African American Slave Trade
Moreover, there are a few more countries which have involved in the slave trade like Africa, Britain,
Portugal and Spain. As for Britain, they were one of the major player in doing trading. British had
many ships who were mainly carried 2,6000 000 slaves from the African's in the 18th century to the
Caribbean sea and America's in order for them to trade those goods in a different parts of their cities
in the country. For example, one of their cities like London who owned those slaves ports back in
the 17th century transports their goods to Manchester and Birmingham. The main reason was
because they intended to combine those three ports in order to fit all of the goods and exported them
using those ships. For example, they manufactured some goods such as guns, metal cotton and
tobacco. At the same time, they decided to do a business trade by getting a permission from the
royal king and signed a contract with a company ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Portugal have been exploiting 32000 number of slaves from Africa before they started to do the
slave trade. It's started when Prince Henry the navigator ruler who sent an expedition to Africa in
order to know more about the continent in the year of 1441. In the year of 1444, they sent the cargo
which consist of 235 Africans slaves and brought into Lagos. Besides that, they used those slaves to
work on their sugar plantations in Madeira. By following year 1460 the Portuguese decided to built
the first slave fort on the coast of Ghana West coast of Africa and The Elimina Castle, which are the
headquarters of Portuguese was mainly in charged of dealing with those slaves for their business. At
the same time, they managed to transport some goods such as wine, ceramic and herbs to other
countries like Britain. They traded those items by using their own currency which can be found in
the Floating Harbour, just across the ocean while trading goods with Athens Bristol

Frederick Douglass, An American Slave
Frederick Douglass is well known for many of his literary achievements. He is best known, now, as
a writer. "As a writer, Frederick Douglass shined. As a speaker, he was the best. There was no
abolitionist, black or white, that was more for his speaking skills." (McFeely, 206) "So impressive
were Frederick Douglass's oratorical and intellectual abilities that opponents refused to believe that
he had been a slave and alleged that he was a impostor brought up on the public by the abolitionists.
In reply, Douglass wrote Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave (1845),
which he revised in later years: in final form, it appeared in 1882 under the title Life and Times Of
Frederick Douglass." (Graves, 52 ) Frederick's oratory skills left the largest impact on Civil War
time period literature. Douglass's most significant autobiographical works include: Narrative Of The
Life Of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave: My Bondage And My Freedom: and Life And
Times Of Frederick Douglass. These three books are about the same person, and share a similar
message, but are written by Frederick at different times of his life, looking at the past in different
ways. In Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass, Douglass used a simple, yet educated way to
show how he felt as a slave growing up in Maryland. He describes in the Narrative "I have often
been so pinched with hunger as to dispute with old "Nep," the dog, for

The Slavery Of African American Slaves
Imagine a life without education. A life full of work, and worry. A life resembling hell. African
American slaves were forced to live without privileges, until they found a solution. Slaves found
freedom in the church, where they could praise, sing and be happy. The church was a way to express
their hardships and rationally deal with slavery (Du Bois, 115). The preacher was their "advocate"
and someone they could relate to, and their feelings were in the music. The church was a place of
security, where African Americans felt safe and comfortable (Du Bois, 115). Their faith in God
became stronger through every worship, and the slaves were introduced to a new world, with a sense
of safety. Although it seems like the African American's were finally happy, there were also
consequences. Some slaves were not permitted to attend church, so they proceeded with caution.
Hand signals and passwords were sometimes the only way slaves can get into church. A few slave
churches had strict rules about women attending, and some did not allow women at all. This led to
slave women forming their own church in some cases. Since the church was a way for the slaves to
feel freedom, religion among the African American slaves was the most important movement in
slave history. Slavery evolved with the help of religion and, in some cases, is a key factor in the
abolition of slavery among the United States.
Before slaves were transported to the new world, they were used to a religion not quite as

American Anti Slave Society
The modern world today could not be more different than 200000 years ago when the first homo
sapien first appeared on Earth. Over these 200000 years period, many things have changed the face
of the Earth forever. The Neolithic Revolution 12000 years ago changed the way human lived from
foragers to agriculturalist that forged the Earth into their images. The invention of the printing press
in the 15th century allowed knowledges to spread all over the world. The rise of the internet in the
1990s united the world under a network of informations for all to access. Another drop in mankind's
endless ocean of ideas is the concept of literature. The concept of expressing one's beliefs via a
"body of artistic writings of a country or period that are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Firstly, the book was inspired by already established abolitionist movements, particularly Northern
churches.The abolitionist movement in the North started as early as the 1830s when Lloyd Garrison
began to publish 'The Liberator' one of the most important tool of the anti–slavery movement. Two
year later in 1833, The American Anti–Slavery Society. This part was the most important piece in
the denouncement and public detestation toward slavery in the North throughout the mid 1800s.
Abolitionist began to build antislavery churches, created school for African American, help slaves to
escape to the North, and fought for freedman rights.( ) Long before "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was
published in 1852, abolitionists have already been changing people's view on slavery with their
relentless spirit for justice and equality. Calling "Uncle Tom's Cabin" the foundation of the Civil
War is even a bigger assumption as many other factors also lead to the Civil War such as the
Southern states secession, Abraham Lincoln's victory, states' rights, and economic differences
between the North and the South. This concept of literature being a small cause alongside many
other larger causes appear in many other example of literature changing the

American Slave Trade After 1550
From the middle of the 15th century, Europe and Africa entered into a horrific relationship which
eventually led to the demise of Africa, through the kidnapping and enslavement of their people
which in turn led to the development of Europe. 1441 marks the date of the Start of European slave
trading in Africa when a Portuguese captain brought back 12 Africans to Portugal from Cabo Branco
(Mauritania)1, the slave trade would only continue to evolve and advance over the centuries. Some
of the main differences that are apparent from the time periods would be the fact that America
became involved after 1550, the numbers, before 1550 slavery was only just beginning and only a
small portion of the approximate 12 – 15 million2 taken over the years ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Some of these slaves were used to help grow the Cape Verde island colony whilst others where sent
back to Madeira, Portugal for sale, this backwards and forwards trade led continued for years and
was "estimated that by the early 16th century as much as 10 per cent of Lisbon's population was of
African descent"7. This "slave coast" as it was named continued to prosper well into the Atlantic
trade. The Period that followed after 1550 saw many other nations join this trade such as the British
as they began to see the prosperity in this business and started their own more efficient slave trade
known as the triangular trade. Before 1600 it was estimated that no more few

Slaves Influence On American Music
Slaves influenced early Jamaican music; slaves brought the sound of drums, rattles and conch shells.
Slaves during this time had a lot to express and music was an outlet to allow other to feel the pain
and strife they were going through during these times. Three developments of culture that are
influential to Jamaican are: traditions, beliefs and cognitive language, Traditions bring the customs
beliefs passed down for a generation to another. Music and traditions had a major influence of
information was being passed from one generation to another. Many up and coming artist, some
underground artist used music a main form of communication within their families and culture
tribes. In Jamaica there are so many beliefs and cultures music was a way

Describe The Life Of African Americans As A Slave
Beginning around 1500, Europeans started trading slaves. The slaves were for labor purposes. Like
farming and working for a master. The slaves made the population percentage go up. Slaves were
from Africa and traders would trade their items for slaves and then ship them to the new world. They
were put on ships under the decks, sometimes they wouldn't see sunlight for weeks. Sometimes they
were beaten and wiped by the merchants. And when they got to the new world they would get off
the ships and plantation owners would buy them and take them back to the plantation. As soon as
you were sold to a plantation owner you were their property now. So they could do whatever they
want to you if you are a slave. The thing is if you are born when your mom and dad are slaves you
are now a slave too. You would live in a slave quarter and you would work long hard hours on the
plantation. The worst thing about being a slave is that you have no say in how you are payed,
treated, housed, or how your family is treated. I mean you could stand up for yourself but your
master can do what he wants to do to you. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Or they are a different skin color than all of the free people. So if you manage to find your way
around you would stick out in the crowd because of their skin color. If they find you they would take
you back to your master at the plantation. They also said if you work for me for a certain amount of
years I will give you money and land for you to start your own family. Most slaves did not live long
enough to get their money and land. They were also immune to the sicknesses the europeans

Atlantic Slave Trade In American History
In general, the Atlantic Slave trade was very significant event in American History because the
millions of lives it affected from the slaves to the Americans. In short, the Atlantic slave trade were
established in the sixteenth century by Spanish colonists who had become the most experience sea
mariners during that time (Robin, Kelley & Lewis, 2005, p. 7). Furthermore, in our reading the
author touches on the fact that before Christopher Columbus set sail for the New World, that the
Spaniards were already holding Muslims, black Africans, Slavs, and their own kind as slaves
(Robin, Kelley & Lewis, 2005, p. 7). In viewing the Atlantic slave trade, this system separated
millions of families from each other and shift the human population balance.

Transatlantic Slave Trade and the Effects on the American...
Transatlantic Slave Trade and the effects on the american economy
Transatlantic Slave Trade The Transatlantic slave trade is a "wrenching aspect of the history of
Africa and America" (Colin Palmer). The transatlantic slave trade transported African people to the
"New World". It lasted from the 16th to the 19th century. Slavery has had a big impact on African
culture. The Africans were forced to migrate away from everything they knew, culture, heritage and
lifestyles (Captive Passage). Coupled with they were faced with racism and overcame life–threaten
situations everyday. Nevertheless the Africans preserved and survived tremendous conditions. Even
though the slave trade was horrible it still contributed to the economy of the ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
They had many different religions, language, complex institutions, cities, and advanced technology.
They were growing basic plants and breeding animals. Also throughout Africa there were industrial
advancements such as mining and agriculture, herding. Gold was a big economic item for Africa.
Camel Caravans revolutionized trading. They could carry more and heavier items over a long
distance. Clearly Africa had developed a complex society, which was soon all taken away. Slavery
had an extreme impact on the African– American culture. This treatment is not solely just because of
their treatment in the New World. There was also destruction of their culture, removal from heritage,
and their inability to communicate as slaves, all plagued the African– American culture in the New
World. They were separated from their families, and cultural items such as drums. Which were used
to communicate. Also the Africans had a lost of identity, their real names were ignored by slave
masters, in result the masters gave the slaves created names. Not only was everything taken away
the Africans, were not allowed to perform their homeland rituals or practice their own religion.
Everything was part of their life was no longer a part of their life.
Section 3 In the 15th century the Atlantic slave trade rise in the country of, Africa. Europeans at first
went to Africa to trade for gold but, as they expanded there colonies into the "New World" they
needed more

African-American Slave Masters
The preference that slave masters showed towards fair–skinned slaves throughout the years of
slavery has had a profound and lasting impact on the perspectives, stances, and biases towards
varying skin tones in the present day African American community. During slavery days, most
lighter skinned slaves were the offspring of African slaves, and caucasian slave masters. Their
lighter skin, looser hair curl patterns, and european features sometimes granted them access to better
educations, better working conditions, better food, and more prominent positions in the slave
hierarchy. These beneficial aspects of their lives invariably stemmed from their genetic ties to their
owners; hence the reason why slave–owners were often partial to fairer skinned ... Show more
Many times blacks who are of a lighter complexion are seen as "prettier or more desireable" towards
other blacks today, and as stated previously, were offered better employment opportunities. However
sometimes they are shunned by whites and blacks alike and are treated as outcasts by the community
due to their inability to conform to a certain ethnicity. In the book "The Autobiography of An Ex–
Colored Man," James Weldon Johnson depicts the fictional life of a biracial man living in the post–
reconstruction era of America in the nineteenth, and twentieth centuries. In his early childhood days,
the narrator frequently struggled with his personal identity after he was told to stand with the rest of
his African American classmates during somewhat of an analyzation of the gender percentages by a
certain staff member. "I wish all of the white scholars to stand for a moment. 'I rose with the others,
the teacher looked down at me and said ' You sit down for the present, and rise with the others. 'I sat
down dazed... A few of the white boys jeered me saying:' Oh you're a nigger too! 'I heard some of
the black children say,' Oh, we knew he was colored, Shiny would say; 'Come along don't tease him,
and thereby winning my undying gratitude.'" (Weldon 11) Before he was seemingly outed

Jacobs & Douglass: An Insight Into The Experience of The...
The slave narratives of the ante–bellum time period have come across numerous types of themes.
Much of the work concentrates on the underlining ideas beneath the stories. In the narratives,
fugitives and ex–slaves appealed to the humanity they shared with their readers during these times,
men being lynched and marked all over and women being the subject of grueling rapes. "The slave
narrative of Frederick Douglas" and "Harriet Jacobs: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl" themes
come from the existence of the slaves morality that they are forced compromise to live. Both
narrators show slave narratives in the point of view of both "men and women slaves that had to deal
with physical, mental, and moral abuse during the times of slavery." ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Critics have almost always cited the hunger for literacy as one of the most prominent themes found
in slave narratives; scholars repeat that the average slave narratives stress the importance of learning
to read and write. Douglass uses irony and a sense of unawareness in his narrative to describe "the
toils of women through his aunt's afflictions but failed...to accurately address and interpret," (James
34) these strategies attempt to validate his role as a "fugitive American slave narrator, seeking a
written document to prove that"(James 27) he has obviously suggested through language the free
territory he claims. The connection for Douglass between the wanting of literacy and personal worth
is what he focuses on primarily throughout the narrative. Douglass establishes himself as a man who
is deserving of freedom, and that itself is a major significance to other slave narratives. This
generalization doesn't extend to the slave narrative written by Harriet Jacobs who focuses on the
brutality that women slaves face compared to men slaves. She states many times the fact that
women slaves are degraded and treated "less than there worth." (Jacobs 29) Slaves begged for
freedom and denounced slavery in every way possible, in "The slave narrative of Frederick
Douglas", an underlying theme was that slavery was a dysfunctional system that ironically
destroyed masters as well as slaves. The narrators of both narratives were detailing the gruesome
truths

18th Century American Slave Trade
History has proven in many points has proven that growth within a country is trade, and a market.
As countries grow the population demands different goods, and some become more valued than
others. Some countries grow into vast empires, because of the economy built around these trades.
The Netherlands and Portugal became great empires, due to the importance of trade, slave trade, and
companies that helped power trade.
Different trade goods create different economies, and different industries. Some of these industries
could be as simple as textile manufacturing, sugar refining, and some type form a movement to
developing a homegrown Tobacco. Each of these industries helped push a golden age upon the
Dutch Empire. The top trade good, was textiles; after warfare between different city–states the
textile industry exploded, the growth so large that the Dutch had to import English wool. The second
largest industry was the sugar refinery, which resulted from colonial conquest, of the Caribbean.
"Once the Atlantic sugar islands began to surpass Mediterranean sugar production. Once Antwerp
fell to Spanish troops during the Revolt, however, Amsterdam replaced it as Europe's dominant
sugar refiner." (Harreld) The number of sugar refineries in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
These routes transported, Kola Nuts, Gold, Salt, Ivory, and wood from native trees. These routes
where used not only to transport these good, but also to take African Slaves to the Slave Coast, and
other coast for easy access to the slave merchants. The main coasts to which the Dutch traded slaves
from were Senegal, Sierra Leon, Congo, and Angola. The routes made way to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,
Mexico City, Mexico, Richmond, USA, and New Orleans, USA. Between some of these cities, the
slave trade became a leading industry for the Dutch Empire, along with any Empire that had access
to the trading of slaves. Among these countries; two rose to

African American Slave Codes
Laws made for slaves were known as "Slave Codes". This was required in all southern states to have
a set of Slave Codes. States either made up their own codes or copied from another state. Such laws
as "The slaves owe to his master and all of his family total respect and absolute obedience. He must
instantly obey all orders he receives from them.", and "No slave can own anything of his own
without consent of the master. No slave can sell anything he has made without the master's
consent.". These laws being set in place insured for the whites that basically no African–American
slave has rights. Southern slave owners attempted to control their work constrain principally through
abuse, torment, false guarantees, and potentially demise. Slaves

The American Revolution, A Slave, And The Slaves
A slave is a human being that is classed as property and is under the control of another. The system
of slavery came about as a result of the need for a labor force to help maintain the booming trade
system that started in the Americas and the Caribbean. This led to Africans being kidnapped from
their homeland and then shipped across the Atlantic to the Americas to provide the needed labor.
During and after the fight for the Independence of America there was divide within the nation as to
what to do about the matter of slavery. There were many who were quite happy with the current
situation while there were others who felt it needed to end. With this divide came the abolition
movement that started in 1830s. The American Revolution brought the emancipation of America
from under British control. This all started as result of the American colonists feeling that they were
being unjustly treated and not being seen as equals by the British Parliament. The American
Revolution was fought on the premise of equal rights for all. It was an eye opener to the hypocrisy
that was taking place in America. This showed a situation where the Americans would not tolerate
being taxed without representation in Parliament but yet were perfectly fine subjecting another
human being to hard labor with no pay and the absolute removal of their free will because of their
skin color. On this basis the system needed to end. The Americans had no right to treat fellow
human being in such a deplorable

African American Slave Revolts
In this paper, I am discussing Slave Revolts. Slave Revolts are best defined as the rising of slavery
in a specific state or country. Enslaved Africans resisted, or rebelled, against their position as slaves
in many ways. Each expression of resistance by enslaved individuals or groups counted as acts of
rebellion against the system of slavery. The slaves could avoid work, by working as slowly as they
dared, or by pretending to be sick. There are many famous examples of slave revolts, such as The
Haitian Revolt, The Bussa Revolt, and the Nat Turner Revolt. From 1791 to 1804, the Haitian
Revolt occurred. This revolution, regarded as "the largest and successful revolt in history"
(History.com), it took place in the French colony of Saint Domingue, that escalated with the
elimination of slavery in Haiti. The revolt would prove that Haiti could come from the under rule of
white Europeans. This resulted in the birth of Haiti and the birth of the independent government. ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Southampton, Virginia, Nat Turner lead a rebellion on the Belmont plantation. Nathanial "Nat"
Turner (1800–1831) was a black American slave who led the only effective, sustained slave
rebellion August 1831. Slaves were massacred 55 to 65 white militias. The fouled rebellion would
lead to Nat Turner being tried and hung for revolting against the whites. The rebellion began when
Turner's small band of hatchet–wielding slaves killed his master, Joseph Travis, along with his wife,
nine–year–old son and a hired hand as they slept in their beds. Realizing they had left one family
member alive in the house, two slaves returned to the Travis home and killed "a little infant sleeping
in a cradle" before dumping its body in the fireplace. As they swept through the countryside,
Turner's men freed slaves as they continued the killings. Upwards of 75 of them joined the uprising
over the ensuing two days and killed dozens of

How Successful Were The Slaves In The American Revolution
Once slaves have been shipped to the America colonies, their population started to grow rapidly.
Some slaves worked on plantations while others worked as skilled or unskilled labor force in the
industry. Later on, these slaves were promised freedom. To gain this freedom they had to join the
fight for the king. During this war (or fight), some have gained their freedom. Those who did not go,
use this event onto their advantage to escape from their masters. Those who went to war and did not
get their freedom, were killed. These slaves did everything they could find their freedom. In the
Haitian Revolution that was taken place in the Americas and one of the revolutions that was going
on through the Atlantic world. Haiti was under the rule of the French known as St. Domingue.
Where they had slaves working in the sugar and coffee plantations ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Which kind of made it a little harder for the slaves in Haiti to fight against slavery, but before they
do so, the American Revolution and the French Revolution were going on. Those slaves from those
wars had their own way of defeating their battle against slavery. This gave the African heritage an
opportunity to escape and fight

American Slaves Vs Serfs
Russian serfs, or peasants who were legally bound to remain on their land, had a huge impact on
Russia's economy, politics, and on the world that we know today. "Serfdom became, more than it
had ever before been, the basis of the entire social order." (Blum, 3–12) American slaves, who were
legally owned by whomever bought them, were greatly similar to those of serfs and also had a huge
impact on the world today. Some people think that slaves and serfs are the same, but on the contrary,
they are not the same, due to environmental factors, historical events, economic circumstances, etc...
Because slaves and serfs worked the land, and most of Russia and America were primarily
agricultural, laborers were essential to the basic order of the country ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In their society and circumstances both slaves and serfs were the bottom of the social class. They
were unfairly treated, and punished if they did something wrong. "...he was deprived of all
protection against the abuse of seignorial authority, which was exercised without restraint..."
(Melbourne) Both also worked long hours and needed to do whatever their owner or master told
them to do. If they had children, they automatically became either slaves or serfs. When the factory
industry in Russia was introduced and domestic and foreign trade increased, the area and population
of Russia also increased, making landowners wanting to have more land, and therefore needing
more serfs. (Blum, 3–12) The serfdom population of Russia was over one–third of its total
population.

Transatlantic Slave Trade Impact On African Americans
The transatlantic slave trade did negatively impact the lives of 11 million of African individuals.
Millions of these individuals were captured and transported to the "new world", between the mid–
1500s and late 1800s.The death toll, economic and environmental destruction due to wars and slave
protests were immensely high. The old and very young were often left to starve or killed.
Dehumanisation due to the slave trade was lead by ill usage and mistreatment leaving many African
individuals feeling neglected in the Americas and stripped of their identity. Health and well–being
have also been a major complication for enslaved Africans, as excessive labour and unsanitary
living conditions resulted sickness and disease. Religion in the slave community was visible as it
was also invisible and had developed overtime. Slaves were forbidden to be educated and the slave
holders were strongly opposed of this, they thought if education was allowed then it would threaten
their hierarchy and the slaves would start an rebellion. When the African slaves arrived at the
Americas, they often felt neglected and stripped of their identity, they were also isolated without no
family and communication around them. Many of the enslaved individuals were never legally
married, the Colonial and state laws considered them as commodities ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Despite the obvious cultural groups, there were some common fragments across all the groups.
Christianity had pervaded throughout the slave community, though not all slaves were Christians,
and not all were accepted at a church. Some individuals had no choice and Christianity was forced
upon them, they found that the religion could be adapted from the traditional ways, and brought
aspects of their own diverse cultures to it. Due to the loss of culture, slaves turned to new practices
with fusions of Christianity and African spirituality, some of which included

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