Philosophy of education

1. PHILOSOPHICAL AND FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION
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Constructivism is basically a theory based
on observation and scientific study about
how people learn. It says that people
construct their own understanding and
knowledge of the world, through
experiencing things and reflecting on those
experiences.
Elements of Constructivism
1. Learning is an active process
2. People learn to learn as they learn
3. The crucial action ofconstructing meaning
is mental
4. Learning involves language
5. Learning is a social activity
6. Learning is contextual
7. One needs knowledge to learn
8. It takes time to learn
The goals ofthe Constructivist’s Learning
Theoryare (Anctil, Hass & Parkay, 2006):
 Develop higher order critical thinking
skills
 Participants are active in their own
learning
 The Status Quo is challenged
 Thelearner will constructsomething better
 Create managers and leaders
The teacher’s responsibilities are (Anctil,
Hass & Parkay, 2006):
 Enhance student’s ability to learn by
teaching the learning process
 Encourage thinking about the material to
be learned via cues, prompts, and questions
(this helps students arrive at a deeper
understanding)
 Assess prior knowledge as the starting
point, correct as needed
 Help students understand their individual
learning styles
 Interact with other students to talk and
reflect as they construct meaning and solve
problems
 Teachers facilitate and provide scaffolding
for new material (cues, questions,
encouragement, and suggestions)
 Adjust help as needed
 Student discovers material on his own
Role of Student:
 Help develop own goals and assessments
 Create new understandings (via coaching,
moderating, suggesting)
 Control learning (reflecting)
 Member of community of learners
 Collaborate among fellow students
 Learn in a social experience –appreciate
different perspectives
 Take ownership and voice in learning
process
Constructivism Learning Design
 Situation
 Grouping
 Bridge
 Question
 Reflection