Changing consumer choice to ethanol can 1. Reduce dependency on foreign oil 2. Reduce pollution and clean the atmosphere 3. Slow climate change 4. Provide a more renewable fuel source The use of ethanol blends in conventional gasoline vehicles is restricted to low mixtures up to E10, as ethanol is corrosive and can degrade some of the materials in the engine and fuel system. Also, the engine has to be adjusted for a higher compression ratio as compared to a pure gasoline engine to take advantage of ethanol's higher oxygen content

1. Presented By
Furkan Ahmad
Electrical Engineering
Department
ZHCET
AMU Aligarh
Ethanol Blended Petrol and Diesel
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2. Content
 Introduction
 Ethanol blended petrol
 Ethanol blended diesel
 Availability
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Conclusion
 References
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3. Introduction
 A "blend" is a mixture of two or more different things or
substances
 Several common ethanol fuel mixtures are in use around the
world
 Ethanol blended petrol
 Ethanol blended diesel
 Ethanol has been a gasoline additive since late 1970s
 Primary role was air quality improvement
 The use of pure hydrous or anhydrous ethanol in internal
combustion engines (ICEs) is only possible if the engines are
designed or modified for that purpose.
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4. Ethanol Blended Petrol
 Mixer of hydrous or anhydrous ethanol in Petrol called
Ethanol blended petrol
 Ethanol fuel mixtures have "E" numbers which describe the
percentage of ethanol fuel in the mixture by volume
 E85 is 85% anhydrous ethanol and 15% gasoline
 Low-ethanol blends, from E5 to E25, are also known as
gasohol
 Internationally the most common use of the term refers to the
E10 blend.
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5. Ethanol Blended Diesel
 Blends of ethanol with diesel fuel are often referred to as “E-
Diesel” or “eDiesel”.
 Ethanol-diesel blends are also called “oxygenated diesel”
 To get a stable blend able to use as a fuel, there is also a need
for an emulsifier or a solubiliser additive, half percent to 5
percent
 As diesel blends containing methyl ester called biodiesel
 In e-diesel blends, standard diesel fuel is typically blended with
up to 15%
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6. ED-diesel
 ED-diesel is a new fuel technology for low blend in diesel.
 Instead of using pure bio-ethanol in diesel, which also requires
a stabilizing additive, an ethanol derivative is used.
 This component is a molecule developed from ethanol, but has
more hydrophobic properties, and can easily be mixed with
diesel without any separation will occur.
 The special ethanol derivative could alone be mixed up to
fifty-fifty in diesel, forming a stable blend, but for practical
use about 15 percent is an optimum
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7. Availability
 E10 was introduced nationwide in Thailand in 2007
 E10 is commonly available in the Midwestern United
States. It was also mandated for use in all standard
automobile fuel in the state of Florida by the end of 2010
 Many petrol stations throughout Australia now also sell
E10, typically at a few cents cheaper per liter than regular
unleaded
 Mandatory blending of ethanol was approved
in Mozambique, but the percentage in the blend has not
been specified
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8. Conti…
 From January 2011, all 95-octane fuel in Finland is E10
 South Africa approved a biofuel strategy in 2007, and
mandated an 8% blend of ethanol by 2013
 A 2007 Uruguayan law mandates a minimum of 5% of
ethanol blended with gasoline starting in January 2015
 The Dominican Republic has a mandate for blending 15% of
ethanol by 2015
 Chile is considering the introduction of E5,
and Panama, Bolivia and Venezuela of E10.
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9. 9

10.  A blender pump is a multi fuel
blend dispenser that allows
customers to choose between
E20, E30, E85, or any other
preselected blend.
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11. Advantages of Ethanol blended fuels
 Ethanol is good for the environment
1. Lower CO, CO2, hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen emissions
2. Also has fewer volatile components than gasoline, which means
fewer emissions from evaporation.
 Ethanol is widely available and easy to use
 Ethanol is good for the economy
1. Ethanol production supports farmers and creates domestic job,
which also reduce dependency over foreign oil.
2. According to industry sources, the government can save
anywhere up to $3 billion a year, by blending E10.
 The biggest advantage of e-diesel is its partially renewable character
 Ethanol is an anti-freeze (ethanol-blend fuels will not freeze when air
temperature below freezing.
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12. Disadvantages of Ethanol Blended
fuels
 The energy content of ethanol is about 33% less than "pure"
gasoline which lead lower fuel mileage.
 Ethanol can absorb water which may lead to metal corrosion,
phase separation.
 It highly flammable and explosive compared to gasoline, need
more attention to handle in daily life.

 Aldehyde a function of ethanol volume, is a threat to nose,
eyes, throat and possibly causes cancer.
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13. Conclusion
 Changing consumer choice to ethanol can
1. Reduce dependency on foreign oil
2. Reduce pollution and clean the atmosphere
3. Slow climate change
4. Provide a more renewable fuel source
 The use of ethanol blends in conventional gasoline vehicles is
restricted to low mixtures up to E10, as ethanol is corrosive and
can degrade some of the materials in the engine and fuel
system. Also, the engine has to be adjusted for a
higher compression ratio as compared to a pure gasoline engine
to take advantage of ethanol's higher oxygen content
13

14. References
 Alcohols/ethers as oxygenates in diesel fuel: Properties of
blended fuels and evaluation of practical experiences. IEA
Advanced Motor Fuels. Annex XXVI final report. Report
TEC 3/2005
 Performance Evaluation of Alcohol-Gasoline Blends in 1980
Automobiles. Coordinating Research Council. No 527. July,
1982.
 Potential Air Quality Effects of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Fuel
Blends: A Field Study in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Environ. Sci. Technol. Vol. 31, No. 11. 1997. Pgs. 3053-
3061
 Setting the Ethanol Limit in Petrol. An Issues Paper Prepared
by Environment Australia 2002, ISBN: 0 642 54804 8
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15. Thankyou
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