3. Sexual Propagation
• new plant is produced from the union of the
male and female reproductive parts in the
flowers of plants.
4. MALE PART POLLEN
FEMALE PART EGG
*union take place when a
pollen grain lands on the
stigma of the flower.
*grain splits open and goes to
the pollen tube which
contains the female
reproductive part
*pollen grain goes down the
style until it reaches the ovule
which contains the egg.
*when the pollen and egg
unites it forms zygote.
5. *zygote develop into a seed,
from which a new tiny plant
called the embryo emerges.
*embryo is supplied with
nutrient by the cotyledon or
the seed leaves. Each
cotyledon covered with seed
coat.
*Seed consists of :
- hypocotyl
- epicotyl
- radicle
6. • Hypocotyl – later
develops into new plant’s
stem
• Epicotyl – extends to
become the shoot
• Radicle – becomes the
root.
***Germination – process
by which embryo grows
from a seed.
7. *seeds of plants may be
found in seed pods or inside
fruits.
Example of plants with
seeds enclosed in seed pods
- Acacia
- String beans
- Chicharo
- Patani
- Munggo
*the fleshy part that
encloses the seeds is called
mesocarp.
8. • Example of plants whose
seeds are contained
inside the fruit
- Avocado
- Mango
- Papaya
- kalamansi
9. Asexual Propagation
• new plant is produced even without the union
of the male and female reproductive parts of
the plant.
• Instead it is produced from the parts of the
parent plant.
• Among the parts: stem cuttings, modified
stems, and leaves.
10. *Stem Cuttings – part of
the stem from the parent
plant is buried in the soil.
Roots and sometimes
leaves start to grow from
the cutting and a new
plant eventually emerges
from the stem.
Ex: gumamela, rose,
santan, bougainvillea,
cassava, and sugarcane
11.
12. *Modified Stems – stem
that grows above or below
the ground and from which
shoots of new plants may
grow.
modifies stems: rhizomes,
tubers, and bulbs.
13. 1. Rhizomes – modified
stems that are
cylindrical in shape and
grow horizontally near
the surface of the
ground.
- Tiny plants or leaves
grow from their nodes
- Ex: ginger and many
grasses
14. 2. Tubers – enlarged
underground stems with
tiny holes called “eyes”.
- New plants grow from
the eyes
- ex: potato
15. 3. Bulbs – underground
stems consisting mainly of
fleshy pile of leaves.
- Leaves enclose and
protect the bud
- Bud in the center of the
leaves grows into a new
plant
- Ex: onion, and tulips
16. *Leaves
- Plantlets or tiny plants
grow along the edges of
the parent plant.
- Plantlets develop roots
and eventually grow into
new plants
- Ex: katakataka, and
kalanchoe
