Vijayananda Mohire conducted a workshop on digital television as part of their engineering degree. The workshop compared analog and digital TV, identifying limitations in analog like cross interference. Mohire analyzed the building blocks of digital TV, including audio and video processing modules and the central microcontroller. The workshop demonstrated how digital TV addresses issues in analog TV through techniques like noise reduction filters. Mohire's role was to organize, prepare, and deliver the workshop through studying references, developing content, and demonstrating features and benefits of digital TV.
This document describes the measurement configurations and procedures for DAB receiver testing using National Instruments PXI Vector Signal Generators and MaxEye DAB/DABPlus/T-DMB Signal Generation software.
MaxEye Technologies enables multiple Digital Video and Audio broadcasting standards using single hardware platform. This reduces testing time and cost significantly compared to traditional testing.
This document describes the measurement configurations and procedures for DAB receiver testing using National Instruments PXI Vector Signal Generators and MaxEye DAB/DABPlus/T-DMB Signal Generation software.
MaxEye Technologies enables multiple Digital Video and Audio broadcasting standards using single hardware platform. This reduces testing time and cost significantly compared to traditional testing.
Implementation of Algorithms For Multi-Channel Digital Monitoring ReceiverIOSR Journals
Abstract: Monitoring Receivers form an important constituent of the Electronic support. In Monitoring
Receiver we can monitor, demodulate or scan the multiple channels.
In this project, the Implementation of algorithm for multi channel digital monitoring receiver. The
implementation will carry out the channelization by the way of Digital down Converters (DDCs) and Digital
Base band Demodulation. The Intermediate Frequency (IF) at 10.7 MHz will be digitalized using Analog to
Digital Converter (ADC) with sampling frequency 52.5 MHz and further converted to Base band using DDCs.
Virtually all the digital receivers perform channel access using a DDC. The Base band data will be streamed to
the appropriate demodulators. Matlab Simulink will be used to simulate the logic modules before the
implementation. This system will be prototyped on an FPGA based COTS (Commercial-off-the-shelf)
development board. Xilinx System Generator will be used for the implementation of the algorithms.
Keywords: DDC, ADC, Digital Base band demodulation, IF, Monitoring Receiver.
MaxEye Technologies provides complete DVB test and measurement solutions for testing the broadcast equpiments and receivers during manufacturing, design labs and automating the tests. The supported DVB Standards are DVB-T/T2/H, DVB-S/S2, DVB-C, ISDB-T/Tb, ATSC, ATSC-M/H, DAB/DAB Plus/T-DMB, DRM and DRM Plus. In addition to the digital standards we also support AM, FM and RDS. For more information contact ramesh@maxeyetech.com
MaxEye Technologies is a Bangalore based company. We specialize in providing solutions and sevices in Wireless, Signal Processing, Machine Vision, VLSI and LabVIEW and TestStand based automation services. We have strong expertise in developing test and measurement solutions for Automotive infotainment test system and DTV Testing.
We are an Alliance Partner of National Instruments. MaxEye Technologies provides complete in-car infotainment test solution using NI PXI hardware, Software and MaxEye DVB toolkits.
Digital Television (DTV) is a new type of broadcasting technology that will transform your television viewing experience. DTV enables broadcasters to offer television with movie-quality picture and sound. It can also offer multicasting and interactive capabilities.
Implementation of Algorithms For Multi-Channel Digital Monitoring ReceiverIOSR Journals
Abstract: Monitoring Receivers form an important constituent of the Electronic support. In Monitoring
Receiver we can monitor, demodulate or scan the multiple channels.
In this project, the Implementation of algorithm for multi channel digital monitoring receiver. The
implementation will carry out the channelization by the way of Digital down Converters (DDCs) and Digital
Base band Demodulation. The Intermediate Frequency (IF) at 10.7 MHz will be digitalized using Analog to
Digital Converter (ADC) with sampling frequency 52.5 MHz and further converted to Base band using DDCs.
Virtually all the digital receivers perform channel access using a DDC. The Base band data will be streamed to
the appropriate demodulators. Matlab Simulink will be used to simulate the logic modules before the
implementation. This system will be prototyped on an FPGA based COTS (Commercial-off-the-shelf)
development board. Xilinx System Generator will be used for the implementation of the algorithms.
Keywords: DDC, ADC, Digital Base band demodulation, IF, Monitoring Receiver.
MaxEye Technologies provides complete DVB test and measurement solutions for testing the broadcast equpiments and receivers during manufacturing, design labs and automating the tests. The supported DVB Standards are DVB-T/T2/H, DVB-S/S2, DVB-C, ISDB-T/Tb, ATSC, ATSC-M/H, DAB/DAB Plus/T-DMB, DRM and DRM Plus. In addition to the digital standards we also support AM, FM and RDS. For more information contact ramesh@maxeyetech.com
MaxEye Technologies is a Bangalore based company. We specialize in providing solutions and sevices in Wireless, Signal Processing, Machine Vision, VLSI and LabVIEW and TestStand based automation services. We have strong expertise in developing test and measurement solutions for Automotive infotainment test system and DTV Testing.
We are an Alliance Partner of National Instruments. MaxEye Technologies provides complete in-car infotainment test solution using NI PXI hardware, Software and MaxEye DVB toolkits.
Digital Television (DTV) is a new type of broadcasting technology that will transform your television viewing experience. DTV enables broadcasters to offer television with movie-quality picture and sound. It can also offer multicasting and interactive capabilities.
Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) system allows you to monitor your office, factory or quarters etc. in order to safe gaurd your necessary assets without physically creature gift at each location. A single visual unit can display videos from mulitple surveillance cameras installed across various locations of single premises. CCTV solutions in India, specially Ahmedabad, Gujarat are getting sticking together of importance due to the ongoing efforts of organizations to efficiently monitor visitors, employees and sections of a premise that are not easily accessible. Corporate Services provides CCTV security surveillance solutions for businesses to cater to their monitoring requirements. Solutions are tailor-made based coarsely individual requirements depending vis--vis factors specific to the client’s needs and necessities.
This handy, pocket-size mobile transmission detector or sniffer can sense the presence of an activated mobile cell phone from a distance of one and-a-half meters. So it can be used to prevent use of mobile phones in examination halls, confidential rooms, etc. It is also useful for detecting the use of mobile phone for Spying and unauthorized video transmission. The circuit can detect the incoming and outgoing calls, SMS and video transmission even if the mobile phone is kept in the silent mode. The moment the Bug detects RF transmission signal from an activated mobile phone, it starts sounding a beep alarm and the LED blinks. The alarm continues until the signal transmission ceases. Assemble the circuit on a general purpose PCB as compact as possible and enclose in a small box like junk mobile case. As mentioned earlier, capacitor C3 should have a lead length of 18 mm with lead spacing of 8 mm. Carefully solder the capacitor in standing position with equal spacing of the leads. The response can be optimized by trimming the lead length of C3 for the desired frequency. You may use a short telescopic type antenna.
This system eliminates the need for any driver. Whenever the train arrives at the station it stops automatically. Then the door opens automatically so that the passengers can go inside the train and the door closes after a prescribed time. It counts and displays the number of passengers present in the train.
Digital video watermarking using modified lsb and dct techniqueeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Digital video watermarking scheme using discrete wavelet transform and standa...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Ketan Kothari
This project is a special kind of circular LED display. With the help some mechanical assembly, LED count, hardware requirement, and hence overall cost is cut to very affordable price. Also, maintenance and repairing of the display is so easy, that anyone having a little electronics knowledge, can take care of this. All the synchronizing can be implemented through software.
First of its kind, made using the 20 pin dip AT mega 16 series microcontroller, this project use the principle of Space Multiplexing. This propeller display is mechanically scanned and displays the characters in digital format. Made from scrap it can be used anywhere and everywhere and the most amazing fact about this display is its crystal clear display. This display consists of just 8 bright LEDs which are rotated to show the display.
NexGen Solutions for cloud platforms, powered by GenQAIVijayananda Mohire
This is our next generation solutions powered by emerging technologies like AI, quantum computing, Blockchain, quantum cryptography etc. We have various offers that can help improved productivity, help automate and improve ease of doing business. We offer cloud based solutions and have a Hub to interface major cloud platforms.
This is our project work at our startup for Data Science. This is part of our internal training and focused on data management for AI, ML and Generative AI apps
This is our contributions to the Data Science projects, as developed in our startup. These are part of partner trainings and in-house design and development and testing of the course material and concepts in Data Science and Engineering. It covers Data ingestion, data wrangling, feature engineering, data analysis, data storage, data extraction, querying data, formatting and visualizing data for various dashboards.Data is prepared for accurate ML model predictions and Generative AI apps
Considering the need and demand for high quality digital platforms that can help clients to get the most of the newer technology, we have proposed an IT Hub that allows for rapid on boarding of clients to various modules on a need basis, allowing them to subscribe to modules they need only. We have various modules.
This document offers a high level overview of our IT Hub that offers various modules allowing for clients to onboard faster and get the benefits of a large set of vendor products, tools, IDE related to AI, Quantum and Generative AI technologies.
This is my hands-on projects in quantum technologies. These are few of the key projects that I worked with that demonstrates my skills in using various concepts, tools, IDE and deriving the solutions by using quantum principles like superposition, and entanglement along with quantum circuits in realizing the concepts
This is my journey taken from year 2012 on wards, after graduation in my MS with major in AI. I have taken various certification courses, trainings, hands-on labs; few key ones are from Google, and Microsoft.
Agricultural and allied industries play a vital role in the progress of a nation and sustainable economic growth. Farmers play a vital role in this progress. Their hard work and efforts need to be praised and possibly offer them various tools and digital assets that can automate some of their various repetitive tasks such as back office operations, crop monitoring, and post-harvesting routines that might divert the attention of farmers from their core job.
We, at Bhadale IT have developed various products and services that are revolutionary and can offer effective solutions with our industrial partnerships with digital technology leaders like Intel and Microsoft. We have drafted this solution brief to illustrate our products and service offerings for the agricultural industry. We can tailor make highly customized solutions to meet individual project and farmer needs that can include use of various technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, data science and related machinery like drones and geo-spatial datasets and various information that can offer precise farming techniques and use of technology in improving production, improvised use of fertilizers, organic farming and reduced crop loss due to rodents, insects and regional diseases.
The focus of this solution is for farmers to adopt and migrate to digital cloud platform to Microsoft Azure that can boost quality and quantity of crop production and improve their supply chain and offer faster and mature downstream business operations.
This is our cloud offerings based on our partnership and relationship with Intel and Microsoft. We offer highly optimized Intel motherboards, memory, and software stack that is best suited for Azure cloud platform and can handle various types of models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) and Azure workloads in the public or private cloud.
Explore the fundamentals of GitHub Copilot and its potential to enhance productivity and foster innovation for both individual developers and businesses. Discover how to implement it within your organization and unleash its power for your own projects.
In this learning path, you'll:
Gain a comprehensive understanding of the distinctions between GitHub Copilot for Individuals, GitHub Copilot for Business, and GitHub Copilot X.
Explore various use cases for GitHub Copilot for Business, including real-life examples showcasing how customers have leveraged it to boost their productivity.
Receive step-by-step instructions on enabling GitHub Copilot for Individuals and GitHub Copilot for Business, ensuring a seamless integration into your workflows.
Practical ChatGPT From Use Cases to Prompt Engineering & Ethical ImplicationsVijayananda Mohire
This journey provides learners with a thorough exploration of ChatGPT, starting with an introduction to large language models and their capabilities, the series progresses through practical applications, advanced techniques, industry impacts, and important ethical considerations. Each course aims to equip learners with an in-depth understanding of the model, its functionality, and its wide-ranging applications.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and Hybrid Cloud Infrastructure. Products that are developed for multi-cloud hybrid platform enabling seamless integration and portability of workloads across Red Hat and partner Infrastructure, public and private clouds.
Learners will be exposed to the foundations of Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) portfolio including Hybrid Cloud Infrastructure, how to identify target customers, distinguish Red Hat solutions from the competition, review key use cases, align to the sales conversation framework for positioning the solutions, and much more!
Upon completing this learning path, learners will receive the Red Hat Sales Specialist - Red Hat Enterprise Linux accreditation and be prepared to advance to the Red Hat Sales Specialist - Red Hat Enterprise Linux II learning path
This is my annual learning at Red Hat related to accreditation and courses at Red Hat partner training portal.
Learners will be exposed to the foundations of Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) portfolio including Hybrid Cloud Infrastructure, how to identify target customers, distinguish Red Hat solutions from the competition, review key use cases, align to the sales conversation framework for positioning the solutions, and much more!
Generative AI is a cutting-edge technology that will transform nearly every business function, ranging from content creation and product design, to improving customer experience and marketing new ideas. While the benefits of Generative AI are immense, the technology has its limitations and poses some ethical considerations. In this Journey, learners of all levels will develop a shared understanding of what Generative AI is, the guardrails for use and identify of how to use, build and experiment with the technology in a responsible manner. Learners will also develop skills for leading through this disruption with empathy, while cultivating the human skills to sustain the transformation
1. CAREER EPISODE 2 –
DIGITAL TELEVISION
SUBMITTED TO:
ENGINEERS AUSTRALIA
PREPARED BY:
VIJAYANANDA D MOHIRE
Bachelor of Engineering (Electronics and Communication)
1
2. CE 2. 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 5
CE 2.1.1 PROJECT DURATION...................................................................... 5
CE 2.1.2 PROJECT LOCATION ...................................................................... 5
CE 2.1.3 NAME OF ORGANISATION ........................................................... 5
CE 2.1.4 MY ROLE............................................................................................ 5
CE 2.2 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................ 6
CE 2.2.1 AIMS & OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT ..................................... 6
CE 2.2.2 METHODOLOGY ............................................................................. 6
CE 2.3 PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITIES............................................ 7
CE 2.3.1 ANALYSIS OF ANALOG TV ........................................................... 7
CE 2.3.2 ANALYSE BUIDLING BLOCKS OF DIGITAL TV ........................ 8
CE 2.3.2.1 ANALYSE AUDIO PROCESSING MODULE......................... 9
CE 2.3.2.2 ANALYSE VIDEO PROCESSING MODULE ......................... 9
CE 2.3.2.3 ANALYSE CENTRAL MICROCONTROLLER MODULE..... 9
CE 2.3.2.4 ANALYSE SYNCH AND DEFLECTION MODULE .............. 9
CE 2.3.2.5 IDENTIFY KEY BENEFIT OF DIGITAL TV.......................... 10
CE 2.3.4 MY TECHNIQUES AND STRATEGIES ....................................... 10
CE 2.4 SUMMARY ............................................................................................. 11
2
3. Document control
Distribution list
NAME ROLE REPRESENTING
Engineers Australia
Amendment record
VERSION DATE STATUS COMMENT
0.1 02-May -09 Draft Prepared by Vijayananda
D Mohire
Document statistics
VERSION NUMBER OF PAGES NUMBER OF WORDS NUMBER OF LINES
0.1 11 1579 323
Disclaimer:
The technical material contained in this document is provided for information
purpose only and the author does not guarantee implicitly or explicitly the
accuracy of the information provided. However, best effort has been made to
provide accurate information. Logos, trademarks and brand names, if any, used in
this document are exclusive property of their respective owners.
3
4. Declaration:
‘All statements of fact in this report are true and correct and I have made claims of
acquired competencies in good faith.
The report is all my own work and is a true representation of my personal
competence in written English. I confirm that I understand that members of the
engineering team in Australia are required to display a commitment to exercising
professional and ethical responsibility in all aspects of their work.
I also understand that documentation submitted in support of my application may
be referred to the Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC) for integrity
checking.’
Printed Name:
Signature:
4
5. CAREER EPISODE 2
DIGITAL TELEVISION
CE 2. 1 INTRODUCTION
This episode has been prepared specially for submission to Engineers
Australia for CDR assessment. This narrative is being submitted for Stage
1 Competency demonstration for Professional Engineer. Details herewith
declared have been extracted from the report submitted and is in no way a
full reproduction of all the details of the project. Please use care and
caution before trying to make use of this paper for other purposes other
than CDR assessment. More details of the same can be obtained on
request. Following sections will provide the necessary extracts.
CE 2.1.1 PROJECT DURATION
The project started in June 1994 and was completed by July 1994. This was
part of my seminar workshop that is a pre requisite for completing my
Degree.
CE 2.1.2 PROJECT LOCATION
The project was carried out in College campus. The campus is located in
Aiwan-E Shahi area, Gulbarga, Karnataka state, India.
CE 2.1.3 NAME OF ORGANISATION
I was an Engineering student at Poojya Dodappa Appa (P.D.A) college of
Engineering, which is an autonomous college, funded by Central
Government. It is located in Gulbarga city, Karnataka state, India
CE 2.1.4 MY ROLE
I played the role of organizer, preparation and delivery of the workshop
for a class of about 80 members. I reported to Head of Department, who
was also our guide for this workshop.
5
6. CE 2.2 BACKGROUND
I am placed in
this hierarchy
as Lead for this
workshop
Figure 1: Organizational chart
CE 2.2.1 AIMS & OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
To demonstrate the shortfalls of conventional Analog Television (TV)
To provide an introduction to Digital TV
Technologies used in Digital TV
Feature analysis and their benefits
Demonstrate working samples
Digital TV and Satellite communication
CE 2.2.2 METHODOLOGY
Analysis of the Analog TV and identify the limitations
Study references documents, IEEE transactions, library books
related to Digital TV
Define the approach to demonstrate the features of Digital TV
based on Hardware and Software used.
Develop the content for presentation – here it includes Digital filter
algorithms, digital memory to store frames, digital filtering ,
optimization techniques and many more features
Demonstrate the features and benefits to guide and external
reviewer
Conduct workshop with sample outputs from Digital TV
6
7. Obtain the necessary credentials for successful completion of the
workshop
Handover the workshop documentation and workshop assets to
department
CE 2.3 PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITIES
CE 2.3.1 ANALYSIS OF ANALOG TV
Figure 2: Analog TV
The existing analog TV based on NTSC/PAL standards is a sophisticated
system and uses complex processing and high voltages to transmit mono
chorme and color signals without making use of wide bandwidth.
However it has few inbuilt limitations as below:
Limitations I was able to demonstrate in an Analog TV:
1. Cross Luminance and Cross-color interferences (Y/C signal):
These are caused due to non accurate isolation of luminance and
chrominance. This results in cross- talk or overlap of signal dots.
7
8. 2. Line flickering and coarse scanning lines: These are caused due to
interlace scanning. Line flickering is most prominent at the edges
where the image changes its brightness in the vertical direction.
Coarse scanning is due to reduced scanning rate and is more
prominent in motion pictures where scanning rate is low of the
order of 262.5 lines a field
These issues are addressed in the Digital TV using below features:
Digital TV feature Improvements
Motion adaptive Y/C separation Eliminates Cross luminance and
cross color interferences
High S/N ratio Improves signal strength
Motion adaptive scanning line Eliminates line flicker and coarse
interpolation scanning
Two color contour compensation Enhancement of picture
Table 1: Digital TV features
Apart from the above Digital TV has made advances like replacing the
materials, Carbon (potentiometers, resistors), Copper (Wires, Delay lines),
Glass (condensers), Ceramic (Condenser) by Silicon.
CE 2.3.2 ANALYSE BUIDLING BLOCKS OF DIGITAL TV
Figure 3: Block diagram – Digital TV
8
9. CE 2.3.2.1 ANALYSE AUDIO PROCESSING MODULE
With reference to Figure 2, Center piece is the Digital Audio processor
unit (APU) is a fast 16*8 multiplier uses single clock for all signals and
uses a variety of filters whose coefficients can be changed to get best
results. The APU receives input signals from Audio Codec Unit (ACU -
Dematrix) which is an Analog to Digital Converter (A/D) of flash type.
CE 2.3.2.2 ANALYSE VIDEO PROCESSING MODULE
At the core of video processing is the Digital Image processor (DIP). This
uses 1H, 2H, 3H or 264H NTSC Comb filter which separates Y/C signals
in a better way.
Interlace scanning is replaced by Progressive scanning based on a
Sampling criteria.
CE 2.3.2.3 ANALYSE CENTRAL MICROCONTROLLER MODULE
This coordinates all the activities of the above mentioned processors and
called as Central Micro Control unit (CCU). It also controls the tuning
stage and also remote control basic commands.
CE 2.3.2.4 ANALYSE SYNCH AND DEFLECT ION MODULE
This uses a count down algorithms for generating horizontal and vertical
frequencies. It obtains a lock on the received signals and makes it immune
to excessive noise and flutter.
Combined by a chain of delay gates and comparators digital control over
this is possible.
Figure 4: Block diagram – Noise reduction using filters
9
10. Figure 5: Digital video processing
CE 2.3.2.5 IDENTIFY KEY BENEFIT OF DIGITAL TV
Figure 6: Comparison of Output from Analog and Digital TV
As shown above the key benefit is reduced interferences and noise. Left
side figure shows without Digital filter and right side is with Digital filter.
CE 2.3.4 MY TECHNIQUES AND STRATEGIES
1. Technical contribution: I had to study IEEE guides, analyze the
current trends in differences and limitations in analog TV and
Digital versions. I had to go through a dozen books from library
10
11. and get the technical details of the high level modules used in the
Digital TV. We had studied Analog TV components during our
final year of the course.
2. Group involvement: Being responsible for overall success of the
project as I was the only person preparing the workshop I had to
interact with senior members and faculties who had specialization
in this area and get the guidance and confirming the correctness of
the data I had presented in the report.
3. Challenges faced: I had limited time and since I had to prepare for
attending my final year exams it was very much distracting.
However I put in extra efforts and treated this as another subject so
I could make progress. Also understanding new Digital techniques
and Digital signal processing capabilities and applying these to
what I studied like Fourier transforms (FFT), Signal processing in
terms of electromagnetic theory and complex
modulation/demodulation techniques (Phase modulation),
Adaptive filters etc. was challenging.
4. Reporting to Guide: I did get expert guidance from our college staff
especially the lab staff that helped me identify the physical
components of the Analog and Digital TV so that I could explain
the same in the workshop.
5. Presentation in report format: I had to personally bring up the text,
and images. I had to use Word processors and Engineering
drawing materials to come up with good images
6. Conducting the Workshop: I had to practice internally. I had to
learn ways of presentation in limited time period. I learnt the way
to reduce complexity and explain the details in a simple and clear
format.
CE 2.4 SUMMARY
My responsibility of design and conducting workshop on the Digital TV
was completed successfully. This provided me the confidence to face the
real world and provide suitable design and solution to real world
problems using Electronics.
11