This document discusses digital television technology trends. It compares analog and digital television systems, describing improvements in quality for signals, images, sound, and number of channels in digital television. It also covers topics like high dynamic range, resolutions up to 8K, color gamuts, frame rates, and video coding standards. The document outlines roadmaps for ultra high definition television standards and deployments in countries like Korea and Japan.

1. แผนกพัฒนาบุคลากรและสนับสนุน
ฝ่ายวิศวกรรม วางแผนและเครือข่าย
ความรู้เกี่ยวกับเทคโนโลยีดิจิตอลล

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•Analog Television Vs Digital Television
•Contents Creation Technology Trend
•The Convergence of Technology
•Latest Development and Roadmap of DTT
•Q&A
Contents

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Analog
TV
ผู้ผลิตอ
รายการ
สถานีโทรทัศน์ (Broadcaster) ผู้ชม
Digital
TV
ผู้ผลิตอ
รายการ
Service
Provide
r
Networ
k
Provide
r
Facility
Provide
r
Applicati
on
Service
Provider
ผู้ชม
Value Chain
Analog Television Value Chain
Digital Television Value Chain

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คุณภาพของสัญญาณความคมชัดขึ้นลยู่กับความแรงขลง
สัญญาณ
มี 2 ระดับ คืล ตอิด (ชัด) กับ ดับ (จลดา)
คุณภาพของภาพรลงรับความคมชัดมาตอรฐาน (SD)
576i
รลงรับความคมชัดสูง (HD) 1080p
คุณภาพของเสียงรลงรับระบบเสียงสเตอลริโล 2 ช่ลงเสียง รลงรับระบบเสียงรลบทิศทาง 5.1ช่ลง
เสียง
ช่องรายการใน 1 ความถี่1 ช่ลงรายการ รลงรับ 4 HD หรืล 12 SD
การให้บริการประยุกต์ไม่รลงรับ รลงรับเทคโนโลยีสื่ลผสม การส่งข้ลมูล
ฯลฯ
โทรทัศน์ระบบแอนะล็อก โทรทัศน์ระบบดิจิตอล

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ระบบดิจิตอลลระบบแลนะล็ลก
ระบบแลนะล็ลก VS ระบบดิจิตอลล (คุณภาพขลง
สัญญาณ)

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ระบบดิจิตอลลระบบแลนะล็ลก
ระบบแลนะล็ลก VS ระบบดิจิตอลล (คุณภาพขลง
ภาพ)

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ระบบดิจิตอลลระบบแลนะล็ลก
ระบบแลนะล็ลก VS ระบบดิจิตอลล (คุณภาพขลงเสียง)

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ระบบดิจิตอลลระบบแลนะล็ลก
ระบบแลนะล็ลก VS ระบบดิจิตอลล (จานวนช่ลงรายการ)

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ระบบดิจิตอลลระบบแลนะล็ลก
ระบบแลนะล็ลก VS ระบบดิจิตอลล (บริการแบบ
ประยุกตอ์)

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LCD TV
An LCD screen is composed of two parts:
1. the actual liquid crystal display
2. a light source at the back of the screen (called backlight)
A light diffuser is placed between the backlight and the LCD screen to make the
source of light uniform across the screen.
CCFL (cold-cathode fluorescent lamp) backlit LCD screenBacklit LCD screen

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•An LED screen is actually an LCD screen, but
instead of having a normal CCFL backlight, it
uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a source
of light behind the screen.
•An LED is more energy efficient and a lot
smaller than a CCFL, enabling a thinner
television screen.
•Marketing made a lot of fuss about LED TVs,
but it is only the backlight that changed, so
there is actually no picture quality
LED TV

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LED TV
Full Array Edge Lit Direct Lit

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LED TV Plasma TV
Thickness LED edge backlit LCD TVs are thinner than
CCFL LCD TVs. Often less than 1 inch.
Minimum 1.2 inches
Power
consumption
LED-lit LCD TVs consume less power around
70% compared to plasma TVs.
Consumes slightly more power than an LCD
TV. Modern plasma displays receive high
Energy Star (US) ratings.
Screen size Up to 90 inches 32 inches and above
Burn-in Burn-in is very rare Burn-in is rare on newer plasma TVs with anti-
burn-in features, but was somewhat common
on old plasma TVs.
Life span Around 100,000 hours Around 20, 000 – 60,000 hours
Cost $100 (small size and very low end) - $25,000 Cheaper than LED-lit TVs
Viewing
angle
The brightness and color on LCD TVs shift
noticeably over the screen and depending on
viewing angle
Plasma TVs look the same from almost any
angle
LED TV VS Plasma TV

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LED TV Plasma TV
Contrast Ratio Worse than plasma TVs. All LCDs produce
brighter whites, but brighter blacks as well.
Better than LCD TVs.
Weight Lighter compared to plasma TV Heavier compared to LED-lit LCD TV
Brightness
and color
Brighter than plasma or OLED Not as bright as LED-lit LCD.
Screen
Refresh Rate
60-240 Hz, but LCD response times create blur
and ghosting which limits true refresh rates to
20-100 Hz.
Up to 600 Hz. Plasma TVs handle rapid
movements in video about as well as old CRT
TVs.
Energy Use Less for dynamically backlit LCD TVs, about as
much for statically backlit ones.
Generally more.
Manufacturers All TV manufacturing companies Panasonic, LG, Samsung
Running
Temperature
Dynamically lit LCD TVs dissipate less heat
compared to plasma TVs, LED-lit LCD TVs
dissipate less heat than even other LCD TVs.
Plasma TVs generally dissipate more heat than
LCD TVs
LED TV VS Plasma TV

15. 15
LED TV Plasma TV
Picture Quality
Average Viewing angle 37o 70o
Average Black Luminance 0.15 cd/m2 0.05 cd/m2
Average White Luminance 250 cd/m2 100 cd/m2
Colors Good Good
Motion Blur Great Best
Cost
Average Cost for 40" 645$ 450$
Longevity Best Good
Yearly Electricity Cost for 40" $8 $11
Form
Average Thickness 1.8" 2.5"
Average Weight for 40" 27 lb 42 lb
Market
Year introduced to public 2008 1997
Sales trend Up Slightly Up
Range of sizes All Between 40" and 65"

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Viewing Angle

17. 17
Plasma TV LED TVBlack Luminance

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•Analog Television Vs Digital Television
•Contents Creation Technology Trend
•The Convergence of Technology
•Latest Development and Roadmap of DTT
•Q&A
Contents

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Contents Creation Technology
Trend Resolution
(2k, 4k, 8k) Color
Gamut
(R.709, BT
2020)
Quantizati
on
(8bit, 10bit,
Frame Rate
(25/30p,50/6
0i,
50/60p,100/
Dynamic
Range
(Contrast)

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Definition Short
Name
Scan Type Resolution Pixels
Standard
Definition
480i Interlaced 720 x 480 345,600
576i Interlaced 720 x 576 414,720
Enhanced
Definition
480p Progressiv
e
720 x 480 345,600
576p Progressiv
e
720 x 576 414,720
High Definition
720p Progressiv
e
1280 x 720 921,600
1080i Interlaced 1920 x 1080 2,073,600
Resolution

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Resolution
UHD2 7680 x 4320 (8k)
UHD1 3840 x 2160 (4k)
HD 1920 x 1080
HD 1280 x 720
SD 720 x 576

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HDTV Broadcast
Format
(Uncompressed)
Net-Pixel
Bitrate
(Uncompress
ed)
Comment
1280 x 720p/50 0.53 Gbit/s
1440 x 1080i/25 0.44 Gbit/s
Many 1080i/25 broadcasts
use line-sub-sampling to
reduce bit-rate
1920 x 1080i/25 0.59 Gbit/s
Net-Pixel Bit-rate of HDTV
Broadcast Standards

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Interlaced Scan Vs Progressive
Scan

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Color Gamut

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Quantization
Pixel
No. of Bit No. of Color
8 bit 256 colors
10 bit 1,024 colors
12 bit 4,096 colors

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Frame Rate
60 Hz 120 Hz
1/60
1/120

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Dynamic Range (Contrast)
LCD
1,000:1
CRT
40,000:1
OLED
1,000,000:1

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•Analog Television Vs Digital Television
•Contents Creation Technology Trend
•The Convergence of Technology
•Latest Development and Roadmap of DTT
•Q&A
Contents

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Hybrid broadcast broadband TV
(HbbTV)

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Hybrid broadcast broadband TV
(HbbTV)

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• This mode supports a wide range of services
including
▫ Program Guide
▫ News, Sport, Weather information
▫ Enhanced TV services
▫ Interactive Advertising
▫ Emergency Warning
▫ Education, Health
▫ E-government
▫ Games
Broadcast-Only Services

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•Some broadcast services require a simple
return channel:
▫Interactive Advertising
▫Pay Per View (Movie, Sport)
▫Enhanced TV - voting
▫Shopping
▫Betting
Broadcast Service with Return
Channel

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• In markets where there is a mix a broadband and
broadcast only households the same HbbTV service can
address efficiently both environments
▫ Example of a Program Guide
Broadcast-Broadband Services

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•Fast Internet gives access to all types of
HbbTV On Demand Video services
▫VOD
▫Catch up / Replay
▫Start Over
Push VoD

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Hybridcast: Advanced Hybrid TV
services in Japan
•Program-independent services
▫ Wide range EPG
▫ Scroll news
▫ Weather, Sports, Business information, Cooking
▫ VOD (Archives)
•Program-related services
▫ Quiz-show, Educational, News
▫ Key word connect

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•Start over services
were
provided during
Sochi
Olympic Winter
Games from 7-24
Feb. 2014 daily.
Start Over Services

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•Analog Television Vs Digital Television
•Contents Creation Technology Trend
•The Convergence of Technology
•Latest Development and Roadmap of DTT
•Q&A
Contents

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Main Achievements

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• History of digital video coding standards
▫ 1993: MPEG-2 (digital broadcast TV)
▫ 2003: H.264 (IPTV, HDTV)
▫ 2013: H.265 (OTT, UHDTV, 3DTV)
Performance for Video Coding

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Category UHD-1 Phase 1 UHD-1 Phase 2 UHD-2
Deployment 2015 2018 2020
Resolution 3840 x 2160 3840 x 2160 7680 x 4320
Frame Rate P50, p60 P100, p120 P100, p120
Dynamic Range HDR Prefer HDR Mandatory HDR Mandatory
Color Space Rec.709 Rec.709 or Rec.2020 Rec.2020
Color Sampling 4:2:0 4:2:0 4:2:0, 4:2:2, 4:4:4
Bit Depth 10 bit 10, 12 bit 10, 12, 14 bit
Video Encoding HEVC Main 10 HEVC Main 10 HEVC Main 10
Audio Format 5.1 Beyond 5.1 Objected Base
Audio Codec Open TBD Next Generation Audio Codec
Viewing Angle 66o 66o 100o
Viewing Distance 1.5 times of the picture height 1.5 times of the picture height 0.75 times of the picture height
UHD Standard Roadmap

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Korea UHDTV Roadmap

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Japan UHDTV Roadmap
2013
Set-up for 4k/8k test
2014
4k Test Broadcasting
2016
8k Test Broadcasting
2020
4k/8k Broadcasting on
Commercial TV Sets

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Content TODAY in HDTVContent TOMORROW in UH