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HOW TO CREATE
A RESEARCH
INSTRUMENT
VARREN T. PECHON
MT II/SCHOOL RESEARCH MANAGER
What is Research
Instrument?
 a tool to collect data relevant to the study
you are conducting.
 a good research instrument should be
validated and proven reliable
Types of Research
Instruments
 Standardized Instrument
 Modified Standardized Instrument
Researcher-Made Instrument
Standardized Instrument
 Instrument used in the previous study
 Validated (no need for validation)
Should follow ethical standards and
considerations
Modified Standardized
Instrument
 Instrument used in the previous study but
some parts were modified
 Validated
Researcher-Made
Instrument
 Instrument created by the researcher
 Researcher needs to conduct a validation process and
should be done by at least 3 EXPERTS in the field or
issue being investigated.
 Instrument should be aligned with the specific
problems/questions of the study
Research Instruments
Used in
Quantitative Research
Qualitative Research
Quantitative - can be measured
- Numerical
values
- Statistical analysis
Qualitative
- cannot be measured
- experiences, narrations, texts,
etc.
- thematic analysis/approach
Research Instruments Used
in Qualitative Research
Observation
Interview
Focus Group Discussion
Document Analysis
Research Instruments Used
in Quantitative Research
Survey
Questionnaires
Checklist
Tests
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
using the FIVE-POINT LIKERT SCALE
Scale Numerical Value Verbal Interpretation
5 4.20 – 5.00 Very Competent (VC)
4 3.40 – 4.19 Competent (C)
3 2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Competent (MC)
2 1.80 – 2.59 Least Competent (LC)
1 1.00 – 1.79 Not Competent (NC)
SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
using the FIVE-POINT LIKERT SCALE
Scale Numerical Value Verbal Interpretation
5 4.20 – 5.00 Very Competent (VC)
4 3.40 – 4.19 Competent (C)
3 2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Competent (MC)
2 1.80 – 2.59 Least Competent (LC)
1 1.00 – 1.79 Not Competent (NC)
SPECIFIC PROBLEMS
1. What is the demographic profile of the teachers in terms
of:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Position
1.4 Marital Status
1.5 Length of Service, and
1.6 Educational Attainment
NOTE:
Don’t include a
demographic profile in
your Questionnaire if
it is not stated or
included in your
specific problems or
questions.
domains
5 -10
Questions
per Domain
3. What is the academic performance of the Grade pupils in
Doña Juana Elementary School? in terms of:
2.1 Cognitive
2.2 Affective
2.3 Psychomotor
2. What is the competency level of teachers in terms of:
2.1 Pedagogical
2.2 Social Regards for Learning, and
2.3 Personal Growth & Professional
Development
domains
6. Based on the findings of the study, what
(program/ framework/training/plan) may be
proposed?
10
Questions
4. Is there a significant relationship between the
teachers’ competence and the academic
performance of the Grade 3 pupils in Doña Juana
Elementary School?
5. What are the problems encountered by the
teachers in teaching Grade 3?
10
Questions
Sample Survey
Questionnaire
Include an iconic picture from the era.
Reference
• Include all references using APA (American
Psychological Association) Style for in-text and
reference list citations
• Arranged in alphabetical order
Reference
• Abun, J. (2018) as cited by Atencio, J et.al (2019).
“The Factors Affecting The Academic
Performance of Grade Two Students”; Retrieved
from https://pdfcoffee.com/the-factors-affecting-
the-academic-performance-of-the-grade-11-
students-pdf-free.html
Reference
• DepEdTambayan (2016). “DepEd Policy
Guidelines on the National Assessment of
Student Learning”. Retrieved from
https://depedtambayan.net/deped-policy-
guidelines-national-assessment
HOW TO WRITE THE
RESEARCH
ABSTRACT
VARREN T. PECHON
MT II/SCHOOL RESEARCH MANAGER
BASTRACT
 it is the summary of the research
 this part cannot be written if you’re not yet
done with your research
BASTRACT
 • 250-300 words only, italicized
-the overall purpose of the study and the research problem(s) you
investigated;
 • Discuss the major aspects of the entire paper
which includes:
-the research design and methods of the study;
BASTRACT
- major findings or trends found as a result of your analysis; and
• Provide 5-10 key words.
- conclusions and major recommendations
Include an iconic picture from the era.
2ND SUBMISSION
• JULY 10-28 - COMPLETED BASIC and ACTION
RESEARCH and INNOVATION PROJECT
OUTSTANDING
RESEARCHER &
INNOVATOR
OUTSTANDING
RESEARCHER &
INNOVATOR
1.BASIC RESEARCH
2.ACTION RESEARCH
3.INNOVATION PROJECT
CRITERIA FOR JUDGING
1. APPRAISAL FORM
2. ORAL DEFENSE
Include an iconic picture from the era.
What is Research
Instrument?
What is Research
Instrument?

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Create Research Tools Guide

  • 1. HOW TO CREATE A RESEARCH INSTRUMENT VARREN T. PECHON MT II/SCHOOL RESEARCH MANAGER
  • 2. What is Research Instrument?  a tool to collect data relevant to the study you are conducting.  a good research instrument should be validated and proven reliable
  • 3. Types of Research Instruments  Standardized Instrument  Modified Standardized Instrument Researcher-Made Instrument
  • 4. Standardized Instrument  Instrument used in the previous study  Validated (no need for validation) Should follow ethical standards and considerations
  • 5. Modified Standardized Instrument  Instrument used in the previous study but some parts were modified  Validated
  • 6. Researcher-Made Instrument  Instrument created by the researcher  Researcher needs to conduct a validation process and should be done by at least 3 EXPERTS in the field or issue being investigated.  Instrument should be aligned with the specific problems/questions of the study
  • 7. Research Instruments Used in Quantitative Research Qualitative Research
  • 8. Quantitative - can be measured - Numerical values - Statistical analysis Qualitative - cannot be measured - experiences, narrations, texts, etc. - thematic analysis/approach
  • 9. Research Instruments Used in Qualitative Research Observation Interview Focus Group Discussion Document Analysis
  • 10. Research Instruments Used in Quantitative Research Survey Questionnaires Checklist Tests
  • 11. SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE using the FIVE-POINT LIKERT SCALE Scale Numerical Value Verbal Interpretation 5 4.20 – 5.00 Very Competent (VC) 4 3.40 – 4.19 Competent (C) 3 2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Competent (MC) 2 1.80 – 2.59 Least Competent (LC) 1 1.00 – 1.79 Not Competent (NC)
  • 12. SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE using the FIVE-POINT LIKERT SCALE Scale Numerical Value Verbal Interpretation 5 4.20 – 5.00 Very Competent (VC) 4 3.40 – 4.19 Competent (C) 3 2.60 – 3.39 Moderately Competent (MC) 2 1.80 – 2.59 Least Competent (LC) 1 1.00 – 1.79 Not Competent (NC)
  • 13. SPECIFIC PROBLEMS 1. What is the demographic profile of the teachers in terms of: 1.1 Age 1.2 Gender 1.3 Position 1.4 Marital Status 1.5 Length of Service, and 1.6 Educational Attainment NOTE: Don’t include a demographic profile in your Questionnaire if it is not stated or included in your specific problems or questions.
  • 14. domains 5 -10 Questions per Domain 3. What is the academic performance of the Grade pupils in Doña Juana Elementary School? in terms of: 2.1 Cognitive 2.2 Affective 2.3 Psychomotor 2. What is the competency level of teachers in terms of: 2.1 Pedagogical 2.2 Social Regards for Learning, and 2.3 Personal Growth & Professional Development domains
  • 15. 6. Based on the findings of the study, what (program/ framework/training/plan) may be proposed? 10 Questions 4. Is there a significant relationship between the teachers’ competence and the academic performance of the Grade 3 pupils in Doña Juana Elementary School? 5. What are the problems encountered by the teachers in teaching Grade 3? 10 Questions
  • 17. Include an iconic picture from the era.
  • 18. Reference • Include all references using APA (American Psychological Association) Style for in-text and reference list citations • Arranged in alphabetical order
  • 19. Reference • Abun, J. (2018) as cited by Atencio, J et.al (2019). “The Factors Affecting The Academic Performance of Grade Two Students”; Retrieved from https://pdfcoffee.com/the-factors-affecting- the-academic-performance-of-the-grade-11- students-pdf-free.html
  • 20. Reference • DepEdTambayan (2016). “DepEd Policy Guidelines on the National Assessment of Student Learning”. Retrieved from https://depedtambayan.net/deped-policy- guidelines-national-assessment
  • 21. HOW TO WRITE THE RESEARCH ABSTRACT VARREN T. PECHON MT II/SCHOOL RESEARCH MANAGER
  • 22. BASTRACT  it is the summary of the research  this part cannot be written if you’re not yet done with your research
  • 23. BASTRACT  • 250-300 words only, italicized -the overall purpose of the study and the research problem(s) you investigated;  • Discuss the major aspects of the entire paper which includes: -the research design and methods of the study;
  • 24. BASTRACT - major findings or trends found as a result of your analysis; and • Provide 5-10 key words. - conclusions and major recommendations
  • 25. Include an iconic picture from the era.
  • 26. 2ND SUBMISSION • JULY 10-28 - COMPLETED BASIC and ACTION RESEARCH and INNOVATION PROJECT
  • 29. CRITERIA FOR JUDGING 1. APPRAISAL FORM 2. ORAL DEFENSE
  • 30. Include an iconic picture from the era.

Editor's Notes

  1. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  2. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  3. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  4. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  5. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  6. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  7. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  8. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  9. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  10. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  11. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  12. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  13. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  14. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  15. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  16. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  17. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  18. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  19. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  20. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  21. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  22. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)
  23. Create an outline to get ready: Introduce the era (Use a mix of media and text) Organize your artifacts to outline what life was like during the era you are presenting Think about using a storyboard to outline your images and ideas Make sure you prepare a clear and well rounded presentation of all aspects of the era (People, jobs, food, transportation, etc. What else should you include so the audience feels like they have visited your era?)