World breastfeeding day celebrations 2017 ppt

ప్ర ప్౦చ తల్లి పాల వారోతసవాు
2017
World Breastfeeding Week 2017 will
be celebrated from Tuesday(1st of
August) to the Monday(7th of August).
112/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

ప్ర ప్౦చ తల్లి పాల వారోతసవాు ౨౦౧౭

Importance of breast feeding and nutrition
• WHO/UNICEF have emphasized the first 1000
days of life i.e, the 270 days in-utero and the
first two years after birth as the critical
window period for nutritional interventions.
• As the maximal brain growth occurs,
malnutrition in this critical period can lead to
stunting and suboptimal developmental
outcome.

WHY IT IS CELEBRATING
• Breast feeding is organized and promoted worldwide by
the WABA (World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action),
WHO (World Health Organization) and UNICEF (United
Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund) to
get the goal of elite breastfeeding by mother for their
baby of first six months in order to get the incredible
health benefits, to fulfill the all vital nutrients, to
encourage mother for the healthy growth and
development of their child, to guard them from the
lethal health problems and diseases including neonatal
jaundice, pneumonia, cholera and many more.

When was it started
• It was first started and celebrated by the World
Alliance for Breastfeeding Action in the year
1992. And later it is being celebrated in more
than 120 countries by the UNICEF, WHO and their
participants such as individuals, associations and
governments. World Alliance for Breastfeeding
Action was also established in the year 1991 at
14th of Feb to promote the comprehensive
breastfeeding culture worldwide by providing the
support and achieve the real goal.

WORLD BREASTFEEDING WEEK THEMES• The theme of 1992 was “Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)”.
• The theme of 1993 was “Mother-Friendly Workplace Initiative (MFWI)”.
• The theme of 1994 was “Protect Breastfeeding: Making the Code Work”.
• The theme of 1995 was “Breastfeeding: Empowering Women”.
• The theme of 1996 was “Breastfeeding: A Community Responsibility”.
• The theme of 1997 was “Breastfeeding: Nature’s Way”.
• The theme of 1998 was “Breastfeeding: The Best Investment”.
• The theme of 1999 was “Breastfeeding: Education for Life”.
• The theme of 2000 was “Breastfeeding: It’s Your Right”.
• The theme of 2001 was “Breastfeeding in the Information Age”.
• The theme of 2002 was “Breastfeeding: Healthy Mothers and Healthy Babies”.
• The theme of 2003 was “Breastfeeding in a Globalised World for Peace and Justice”.
• The theme of 2004 was ‘Exclusive Breastfeeding: the Gold Standard – Safe, Sound, Sustainable”.
• The theme of 2005 was “Breastfeeding and Family Foods: Loving & Healthy – Feeding Other Foods While
Breastfeeding is Continued”.
• The theme of 2006 was “Code Watch – 25 Years of Protecting Breastfeeding”.
• The theme of 2007 was “Breastfeeding: The 1st Hour – Save ONE million babies!”.
• The theme of 2008 was “Mother Support: Going for the Gold Everyone Wins!”.
• The theme of 2009 was “Breastfeeding: A Vital Emergency Response”.
• The theme of 2010 was “Breastfeeding, Just 10 Steps! – The baby friendly way”.
• The theme of 2011 was “Talk To Me! Breastfeeding – A 3D Experience”.
• The theme of 2012 was “Understanding the Past, Planning for the Future”.
• The theme of 2013 was “Breastfeeding Support: Close To Mothers”.
• The theme of 2014 was “Breastfeeding: A Winning Goal – For Life!”
• The theme of 2015 was “Breastfeeding and Work – Let’s Make it Work!”
• The theme of 2016 breast milk for sustained development

AIMS OF THE BREAST FEEDING CAMPAIGN
• To make aware the peer group to support mothers in order to establish
and carry on the breastfeeding.
• To initiate the breastfeeding supporters to be trained to provide support
to mothers and babies in more effective ways.
• To make aware the people to attend and expand the Peer Counseling
programmes by letting them know the effective and efficient benefits of
the Peer Counseling.
• To call on the governments to get more and worldwide maternity facilities
in order to increase the rate and duration of elite breastfeeding.
• To discover the contacts of the neighboring community support so that
breastfeeding mothers can go them to get help and support after delivery.
• There are five circles of support from which a mother should get
assistance for breast feeding. A woman is surrounded by these circles of
support which are Family and Social Network, Workplace and
Employment, Government or Legislation, Healthcare and Response to
Crisis or Emergency

Benefits of breast feeding.
The risk of hospitalization for
lower respiratory
tract infections in the first
year
if infants are breastfed
exclusively for more than 4
months.
is reduced 72%
the risk of pneumonia infants who exclusively
breastfed for 4 to 6 months
compared with infants who
exclusively breastfeed for >6
m
4 times incresed
incidence -otitis media Exclusive breastfeeding for >3
months
reduces the by 50%.
Serious colds and
ear and throat infections are
in infants who exclusively
breastfeed for 6 months.
Reduced by 63%
incidence of nonspecific
gastrointestinal tract
infections,
Any breastfeeding is
associated with
a 64% reduction
this effect lasts for 2 months
after cessation of 10
From American Academy of Pediatrics

Benefits of breast feeding
The incidence
of type 1 diabetes
In infants exclusively
breastfed for at
least 3 months.
reduced 30%
type 2 diabetes In infants exclusively
breastfed for at
least 3 months.
A reduction of 40% in
Celiac disease in infants who were breastfed
at the time of gluten
exposure.
is reduced 52%
11

Benefits of human milk vs artificial feeding
childhood inflammatory
bowel disease.
Breastfeeding in comparison
to artificial feeding
31% reduction
asthma, atopic dermatitis,
and eczema
Exclusive breastfeeding
for 3 to 4 months
27% in a low-risk population
42% in infants with positive
family history.
adolescent and adult obesity. Breastfeeding in comparison
with artificial feeding
a 30% reduction
Reduction in sudden infant
death syndrome (SIDS).
with any breastfeeding
with exclusive breastfeeding.
45% reduction
73% reduction
The incidence of NEC is
significantly
with the feeding of human
milk, even when fortified with
cow milk–based human milk
fortifiers.
reduced (anywhere from 58%
to 83%)
NEC and NEC surgery in
preterm infants
fed with exclusive human
milk diet vs those fed human
milk supplemented with cow
had a 77% reduction
12

Benefits of breast feeding for the mother
• Both short- and long-term health benefits accrue to mothers who
breastfeed.
• a reduction in postpartum blood loss
• more rapid involution of the uterus.
• increased child spacing secondary to lactational amenorrhea.
• a reduction in in postpartum depression in mothers
• a reduction in rheumatoid arthritis,
• a reduction in hypertension,
• a reduction in hyperlipidemia,
• a reduction in cardiovascular
• a reduction in disease,
• a reduction in diabetes.
• a reduction in both breast (primarily premenopausal)and ovarian cancer.
13From American Academy of Pediatrics12/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

National Family Health Survey-3 data-INDIA
EXCUSIVE BREAST FEEDING UPTO 6 M 20 MILLION CHILDREN – NOT
ABLE TO RECEIVE
BREAST FEEDING WITH
APPROPRIATE
COMPLIMENTARY FEEDING
13 MILLIONS
EBF RATE from 41.2%
in 1998-99 (NFHS-2)
46.3%% in 2005–2006 (NFHS-
3)
The rate of early initiation of
breastfeeding
stands
abysmally low at 24.5%,
while the median duration of
EBFamong last-born children is
as brief as 2months
the rate of EBF drops
progressively from to
51% at 2-3months of age 28% at 4-5 months of age.

Annual Health Survey conducted in India from 2010 to
2013 covering all the 284 districts (as per 2011 census) of 8
Empowered Action Group (EAG) States
percentage of children
breastfed within one hour of
birth
30% in Bihar and Uttar
Pradesh
around 70% in Assam and
Odisha.
Children exclusively
breastfed for at least 6 months
17.7% in UP 47.5% in Chhattisgarh.
Introduction of complimentary
feeds between 6–8 months,
53% infants
breastfed children being fed at
least the minimum number of
times recommended
only about 44 %
breastfeeding and non-
breastfeeding children are
Fed inaccordance
IYCFrecommendations.
21%

Differences in neuro-developmental outcome
between
breastfed and commercial infant formula–fed infants
• Adjusted outcomes for intelligence scores and teacher’s
ratings are significantly greater in breastfed infants.
• Higher intelligence scores and higher teacher ratings are
noted in infants breastfed exclusively for 3 months or longer.
• Significantly positive effects of human milk feeding on long-
term neurodevelopment are observed in preterm infants, the
population more at risk for adverse neuro-developmental
outcomes.
• Studies to adolescence suggest that intelligence test results
and brain volumes are greater in those who received human
milk as preterm infants in the hospital, and these outcomes
are related to the dose of human milk received in the hospital.

Benefits 0f proper feeding
• Proper feeding of infants and young children can
increase their chances of survival. It can also
promote optimal growth and development,
especially in the critical window from birth to 2
years of age. Ideally, infants should be breastfed
within one hour of birth, breastfed exclusively for
the first six months of life and continue to be
breastfed up to 2 years of age and beyond.
Starting at 6 months, breastfeeding should be
combined with safe, age-appropriate feeding of
solid, semi-solid and soft foods.

advantages of -exclusively breast feeding
• An infant who is exclusively breastfed could be at
a substantially lesser risk of death from diarrhea
or pneumonia than one who is not breast fed.
• Moreover, breastfeeding supports infants’
immune systems and may protect them later in
life from chronic conditions such as obesity and
diabetes.
• In addition, breastfeeding protects mothers
against certain types of cancer and other health
conditions.

only about 2/5 of infants worldwide are exclusively breastfed
for the first 6 months of life, and only around 2/3are
introduced to solid foods in a timely manner.
Updated: Oct 2016 1912/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Percentage of infants 6-8 months of age fed
solid, semi-solid or soft foods, 2015
Source: UNICEF global databases, 2016, based on MICS, DHS and other nationally representative sources, 2010-2016 ( • denotes
countries with older data between 2005-2009; data from these countries are not included in the regional aggregates except for China
(2008) which is used for the East Asia and the Pacific and World averages). 2012/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Recommended feeding practices

Global unicef data 2016
NEW BORN PUT TO
BREAST
WITHIN -1 Hr 45%
EXCLUSIVELY BREAST FED UPTO 6M 45%
STILL BREAST FEEDING 12-15 MONTHS 75%
STILL BREAST FEEDING 20-23 MONTHS 50%
appropriate feeding of
children
6 months to 2 years 2/3

UNICEF STATISTICS ON BREAST
FEEDING

Percentage of infants aged 0-5 months receiving breastmilk only, breastmilk and plain water, breastmilk and non-milk liquids, breastmilk
and other milk/formula, breastmilk and complementary foods and no breastmilk, by region, 2016. Source: UNICEF global databases,
2016, based on MICS, DHS and other nationally representative sources

• Breastfeeding is one of the few positive health behaviors that is
more prevalent in poor than in rich countries; and within low- and
middle-income-countries themselves, poor women breastfeed
longer than rich women.[3]
• Across nearly all regions, more women from the poorest
households continue to breastfeed after the first year of life when
compared with women from the wealthiest households.
• This is particularly true in Latin America and the Caribbean, where
the continued breastfeeding rate among women in the poorest
households is nearly double that of their wealthier counterparts.
• Similarly, in West and Central Africa and East Asia and the Pacific,
the rates among women from the poorest quintile are 1.6 times
higher than women in the richest quintile.
• The difference between richest and poorest is negligible among
countries studied in CEE/CIS.

• Global rates have improved modestly, with
change driven almost entirely by South Asia,
where exclusive breastfeeding rates increased
by 17 percentage points between 2000 and
2015. While this is an important achievement,
still fewer than two in three infants benefit
from exclusive breastfeeding in the region.
• South Asia has made the greatest strides in
exclusive breastfeeding of all regions

Percentage of 12-23 month olds that are breastfed, by
wealth quintile and region, 2015
Source: UNICEF global databases, 2016, based on MICS, DHS and other nationally
representative sources

RMNCHA 2013 –STATISTICS
Early initiation
of breast
feeding
<1hour
after birth
33.5
Exclusive breast
feeding
-BREAST
FEEDING
ONLY
36.8
Complementary
feeding
6-9
months
62.6
Data source: CES 2009;
DLHS 3

తల్లి పాు ఇచ్చేటప్పుడు తిన వలసిన ఆహార
ప్దార్ధా ు.

తల్లి పాు ఇచ్చేటప్పుడు తిన కూడని ఆహార
ప్దార్ధా ు.

Note: Analysis is based on a subset of 46 countries with comparable data for each of the 3 indicators from 2010-2016, comprising 52 per cent of
the global population.
Source: UNICEF Global databases 2016, based on MICS, DHS and other national surveys.

• Infants and young children have extremely high nutrient needs – and getting
enough good nutrition into each mouthful is no easy task. Children need foods
that pack a nutrient-dense punch. The needs for zinc and iron, minerals essential
for optimal growth, immune function and development, are particularly high early
in life. Flesh foods, eggs and dairy products are particularly effective at providing
these essential nutrients, as well as vitamin A and calcium, between the ages of 6
months and 23 months. To understand the contribution of animal source foods to
the diets of infants and young children, we present below the proportion of
children receiving animal source foods in the previous day. Based on this analysis,
it is clear that vast differences in the consumption of animal-source foods across
regions exist, but one thing remains consistent: fewer children are eating animal-
source foods between 6 months and 11 months of age than between 12 months
and 23 months in every region. Despite improvements in animal source food
consumption as children age, the fact that a third of these nearly 2-year-old
children are still not consuming any animal-source foods at all requires
programmatic action.
• Globally, the vast majority of children are eating only one type of animal source
food in the previous day – or none at all

Percentage of children 6-23 months of age in each animal source
food group category, by age and by region, 2015
Source: UNICEF global databases, 2016, based on MICS, DHS and other nationally representative
sources.

THE OPTIMAL AND APPROPRIATE INFANT AND YOUNG
CHILD NUTRITION PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES
• EBF should be practiced till end of six months
(180days).
• After completion of six months, introduction of
optimal complementary feeding should be practiced
preferably with energy dense, homemade food.
• Breastfeeding should be continued minimum for 2 years
and beyond.
• Mother should communicate, look into the eyes, touch
and caress the baby while feeding.Practice responsive
feeding.
• WHO Growth Charts recommended for monitoring
growth

• For all normal newborns (including those by
caesareansection) skin-to-skin contact should be initiated
inabout 5 minutes of birth in order that baby initiates
breastfeeding in an hour of birth.
• The method of ‘Breast crawl’ can be adopted for early
initiation [5]. In case of operative birth, the mother may
need extra motivation and support.
• Skin-to-skin contact between the mother and new born
should be encouraged by ‘bedding in the mother and baby
pair’.
• Mother should communicate, look into the eyes, touch and
caress the baby while feeding.
• The new born should be kept warm by promoting Kangaroo
Mother Care and promoting local practices to keep the
room warm [6]. 3612/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Storing expressed breast milk
• Expressed breast milk can be stored in plastic or glass
containers with airtight, sealed lids.
• Using BPA free1 plastic wherever possible is a good idea.
• The date and time can be written on the bottle/container or
on a sticky label securely attached to the bottle/container.
• The baby’s full name should be written on the
bottle/container too if milk is being transported to another
place such as the neonatal unit, children’s ward at the
hospital, or an early childhood education centre.
• Milk should be stored in amounts from around 60mls to
200mls making sure there is a space free from milk at the
top of the bottle as the milk will expand when freezing and
spill over the top.
38
MOH NZ Storage of breast milk guidelines12/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Storing expressed breast milk
• If a woman is planning to express a few times in the day and getting
small amounts at each expressing time the milk expressed may be
placed at the back of the fridge.
• When next expressing, this ‘new’ milk should also be placed in the
fridge.
• When the second bottle of milk has cooled to fridge temperature the
two bottles may be mixed. This can occur over a 24 hour period as long
as the milk to be added is cooled first.
• Warm milk should never be added to cold milk or to frozen milk as this
can cause some thawing of part of the milk and may lead to bacterial
contamination.
• Expressed breast milk should be stored at the back of the fridge. Fridge
doors tend to get opened a lot and the back of the fridge is cooler.
• If breast milk is unable to be stored in a fridge or a freezer straight away,
the milk can be stored in a chilly bin with ice packs in contact with the
bottles of milk for about 24 hours only
39MOH NZ Storage of breast milk guidelines12/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Using stored breast milk
• Frozen breast milk can be thawed in the fridge slowly,
or by placing the bottle of milk in warm water if there
is a need to thaw faster.
• Microwaves should not used to thaw or heat breast
milk as this causes uneven heating which can scald a
baby’s mouth and it also damages some of the
important immune proteins in breast milk.
• Warm the expressed breast milk in a jug of hot water.
Test the temperature of the milk by shaking a few
drops on to the inside of a wrist.
• Do not re-warm breast milk that has been defrosted
and previously heated
40
MOH NZ Storage of breast milk guidelines

Using stored breast milk
• Breast milk can vary in colour and does not
look like cow’s milk or formula milk. It can be
yellowish, bluish or quite pale and watery
looking and this is normal.
• Sometimes the fat separates during storage
and goes to the top of the milk.
• Shake the bottle gently before using the milk
to mix the fat back in again.
41
MOH NZ Storage of breast milk guidelines

Can colostrum be used from stored human milk
• Colostrum is the first milk that mothers produce and it is
packed with multiple immune proteins.
• All the milk expressed during the first two weeks should be
given to the baby.
• Colostrum is present in the milk for about two weeks.
• Fresh milk is always best, but after all the colostrum has been
used other milk stores from the oldest date may also be used
when defrosting.
• If the baby is not breastfeeding at the breast at all, the
colostrum should be given in the order it was produced and
after four days can be alternated with freshly expressed
breast milk.
42MOH NZ Storage of breast milk guidelines12/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Expressed or pumped breastmilk is
easy to keep in the fridge or freezer.
• As with any natural substance, given the right amount of time at a given
temperature, bacteria can grow and multiply in breast milk breaking down
fats and proteins during their expansion. This process causes the milk to
spoil so it is important to follow breast milk storage best practices.
• Breastmilk can be stored in clean glass or hard plastic containers
(standardbaby bottles; food storage containers with tight-fitting, solid
lids), or in breastmilk freezer bags. Refer to Health Canada for information
on the safe use ofplastic containers.
• Pour expressed milk into clean container. Leave space at the top of
thecontainer for expansion of milk if freezing (fill container ¾ full)
• Label container with the date the milk was expressed.
• Freeze milk you don’t intend to use within 3 days. Cool milk first in
fridgebefore freezing.
• You can add cooled milk to milk that is already in the fridge or freezer

Milk Storage Guidelines:
Storage
Time for
Expressed
Breast Milk
Room
Temperatur
e
Cooler with
Ice Packs
Refrigerator
*Store in
the fridge
not in the
fridge door
Refrigerator
Freezer
(2 door
refrigerator)
Deep Freeze
Fresh 4 hours 24 hours 3 days 6 months Up to 12
months
Thawed in
fridge, not
warmed
4 hours 4 hours 24 hours Do not
refreeze
Do
not refreeze
*Do not store milk that has been warmed 4612/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Long-Term Breast Milk Storage
• it may be necessary to invest in a deep freezer as you may quickly run out
of room in your kitchen freezer.
• Using a deep freezer allows to maximize your breast milk storage duration
(12 months) and frees up your kitchen freezer for food.
• It is also wise to lay breast milk stored in bags on a flat surface in the
freezer because this allows the possibility of “bricking” the bags to
maximize space usage in your deep freezer.
• Bricking is essentially stacking the individual milk bags into larger zip -lock
bags to form “bricks” that may be stacked for convenient storage.
• Also, to maximizing space usage, it is necessary to keep the milk
organized with dates and amount of milk in each bag so that it can easily
(and logically) be used
• Having things labeled and packed in an organized manner also helps
ensure that nothing goes to waste.
• .

To thaw frozen breastmilk
• always use the oldest milk first
• thaw only what you need for one feeding
• thaw breast milk by putting the container:in
the fridge, or in a bowl of warm water
• DO NOT thaw breast milk in the microwave
• Breast milk can separate when frozen, gently
swirl to remix once it thaws

To warm breast milk for feeding
• an individual
feeding can be
warmed by:
standing the
container briefly
in warm water
• DO NOT warm
breast milk in
microwave or on
the stove
x

Contra indications to breast feeding
• A limited number of medical conditions preclude breastfeeding.
• The only infant condition, galactosemia, requires use of a non-
lactose-containing milk.
• Mothers who are positive for human T-cell lymphotrophic virus
type I or II should not breastfeed nor provide expressed milk to
their infants.
• untreated brucellosis should not breastfeed nor provide expressed
milk to their infants.
• Conditions in the mother that limit breastfeeding are:
active untreated tuberculosis,
H1N1 influenza,
varicella,
active herpetic lesions on the breast
( However, expressed milk can be used.)
50
FROM THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS12/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Breast feeding in HIV +ve mothers
• In the industrialized world, it is recommended
that HIV-positive mothers not to breastfeed.
• In the developing world, where mortality is
increased in non-breastfeeding infants, the
overall health benefits of breastfeeding
combined with antiretroviral therapy
outweigh the risk of the acquiring HIV
infection from human milk.
51
FROM THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS12/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Maternal substance abuse & breast feeding
• Maternal substance abuse requires an evaluation
before breastfeeding.
• Adequately nourished narcotic-dependent mothers can
be encouraged to breastfeed if they are enrolled in a
supervised methadone maintenance program and have
negative screening for HIV infection and illicit drugs.
• Mothers using street drugs should not breastfeed.
• Alcoholic beverage use should be minimized because
of effect on infant development.
• Maternal smoking should be discouraged because it is
associated with an increase in respiratory allergy and
sudden infant death syndrome(SIDS).
52FROM THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS12/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA

Breastfeeding an adopted baby or
restarting your lactation
• Women who have never been pregnant may
achieve lactation to breastfeed an adopted or
surrogate baby. This requires a lot of support
and access to good information.
• Relactation:Mothers may also decide to
restart breastfeeding again and this is called
relactation. A breast pump will usually be
required to achieve lactation in these
situations.
53
https://abm.me.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/Relactation-webtext.pdf

12/19/2017 Dr.K.V.S.Sai Prasad M.B.B.S.DCh.,PGCCA 54

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