2. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
I take this opportunity to express my gratitude to those whose
Active help and support makes this report possible in the
present Form.
First of all, I express my sincere gratitude to Shri U.K. Pandey
SDO, Pathri Power House, Bhadrabad for insisting in me the
drive to work hard and for inculcating in me the discipline to
think clearly.
It is the endless guidance and constant encouragement of
Executive Engineer, Junior Engineer and all the staff of circle
and division office and I would like to express my heartfelt
gratitude to them for providing me necessary technical
information. Definitely the knowledge, I received during this
training session was a lifetime experience and it will serve as a
foundation for my Career in Water Resources Department.
3. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. SALIENT FEATURES
3. HYDRO POWER PLANT
4. TYPES OF HYDRO POWER PLANT
i. STORAGE PLANT:
ii. PUMPED STORAGE PLANT:
iii. RUN-OF-RIVER PLANT:
5. TRANSFORMER
6. SCHEME TO RUN THE TURBINES
7. CONCLUSION
4. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
Hydro power plant Pathri is situated on the upper
Ganges, 10 km west of the city of Haridwar. It is the
first hydropower plant on the canal, fed by glaciers of
the mighty Himalayas. The Bhim Goda barrage was
built mainly for flood control, irrigation and power
generation.
The Power Station was commissioned in
the year 1955. The surface Power Station comprises of
3 units of 6.8 MW each with Kaplan turbines of 8400
HP output.
This plant is redesign by ANDRITZ HYDRO, In
August 2014, the installation and commissioning of
all components were completed.
3 x 6.8 MW / 8 MVA
Voltage: 11 kV
Head: 9.88 m
Speed: 125 rpm
Runner diameter: 3,890 mm
5. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
Location-BHADRABAD (HARIDWAR)
Installed Capacity — 3x6.8 MW
Type of power station— RUN OF RIVER
Commissioning year— 1995
Water conductor system-HRT(Head Race Tunnel)
Water outlet— TRC
Design head—9.75m
Discharge—253 m^3/s
Turbine type— KAPLAN
Generator type— UMBRELLA
Generator output – 8MVA
Main transformer –11/66 KV
Switchyard – 66kv
6. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
A generating station which utilizes the potential energy
of water at a high level for the generation of electrical
energy is known as hydro-electric power station. As we
know that the power plant is defined as the place where
power is generated from a given source, so here the
source is hydro that’s why we called it hydro power
plant.
In hydro power plant we use gravitational force of
fluid water to run the turbine which is coupled with electric
generator to produce electricity. This power plant plays an
important role to protect our fossil fuel which is limited,
because the generated electricity in hydro power station is
the use of water which is renewable source of energy and
available in lots of amount without any cost.
The big advantage of hydro power is the water which the
main stuff to produce electricity in hydro power plant is free,
it not contain any type of pollution and after generated
electricity the price of electricity is average not too much
high.
7. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
We start to generate electricity from hydro power in 1882
when United States (US) establishes a first hydro power
station which generate 12.5 kilowatts (KW) of power. In
between 1905-1911 largest hydro power station (Roosevelt
Dam) is built by the united state and its generated capacity is
increased from 4500 kW to 36,000 kW.
If we compare the countries on the basis of generated
electricity by the means of hydro power, Canada on the top
after that United State then Brazil then Russia then China
then Norway and at 7th number India is present. India fulfills
the 3.5 % power to the total world power through hydro
power plants.
In India scope of hydro power is very good, first hydro power
station, capacity of 130kW establishes in Asia at mounts of
Darjeeling in 1898 and after that in 1902 Shimsh
(Shivanasamudra) is established and both located in India.
Now a day in India the leading hydro power plant is located
of river Naptha Jhakri hydro project of 1500MW in Himachal
Pradesh. In India main boost come in the field of hydro
power in august 1998 when the Government of India
publicized a plan on ‘Hydro Power Development’ after that in
November 2008 once again Indian government announced
this plan and as a result India become leading country list to
produce hydro power. This is a general idea about hydro
power plant.
8. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
1. RESERVOIR:-A reservoir is the unit that holds the water from
the river.
2. DAM:-A dam is a civil construction that provides the appropriate speed to
the water to run the turbine.
3. PENSTOCK:- Penstock is the large pipes through which the
water flows from the reservoir to the turbine.
4. TURBINE:- Turbines are turned by the force of water on their
blades.
5. POWER PLANTS:- Power plants are the source that is meant for
power generation and transmission.
6. GENERATOR:- a generator is a device that converts the
mechanical energy of the turbine into the electrical energy.
7. CONTROL GATES:- Control gate are meant for the control of
flow of water.
9. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
HYDRO POWER PLANTS are classified into three types:
1. STORAGE PLANT
2. PUMPED STORAGE PLANT
3. RUN OF RIVER PLANT.
1. STORAGE PLANT:
A Storage plant is Impound and store water in a reservoir formed
behind a dam. During peak demands, enough water can be
released to meet the additional demand through the plant. Water
flow rate from the storage plant may change greatly and may
involve dramatic environmental. The consequences including soil
erosion, degrading shorelines, crop damage, disrupting fisheries
and other wildlife, and even flooding.
10. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
2. Pumped-storage hydropower:
Pumped storage hydropower provides peak-load supply,
harnessing water which is cycled between a lower and upper
reservoir by pumps which use surplus energy from the system at
times of low demand. When electricity demand is high, water is
released back to the lower reservoir through turbines to produce
electricity.
3. RUN OF RIVER PLANT :-
Run-of-the-river hydroelectric systems are hydroelectric systems that
harvest the energy from flowing water to generate electricity in the
absence of a large dam and reservoir - which is how they differ from
conventional impoundment hydroelectric facilities. The primary
difference between this type of hydroelectric generation and others is
that run-of-the-river primarily uses the flow rate of water to generate
power instead of the power from water falling a large distance,
although water may still experience some vertical drop in a run-of-
the-river system. Another main difference between traditional
hydropower is that run-of-the-river hydro is used in areas where there
is little to no water storage, such as in a river.
11. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
In run-of-the-river systems, running water from a river is guided
down a channel or penstock. There can be some change in altitude at
this point, so there may still be some contribution from falling water.
The diverted water is brought to an electricity generating house. In
this house, the running water drives a turbine, running
a generator and generating electricity. After being used, water is fed
back into the river downstream.
In this case, there is generally only some small-scale dam that is built
to allow energy generation without a significantly large reservoir.
Kaplan turbine
14. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
Usually power is generated and distributed in three phase system, and
therefore it is obvious that we would need three phase transformers to
step up and step down voltages.
Advantages of three phase transformers:-
One 'three phase transformer' occupies less space than a gang of
three 'single phase transformers'.
Single 'three phase' unit is more economical
The overall bus-bar structure, switchgear and installation
of 'three phase transformer' is simpler.
3-phase transformer
15. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
Three phase transformer connections in three phase system,
the three phases can be connected in either star or delta
configuration.
In pathri power house DELTA- STAR configuration.
Delta-Star (Δ-Y)
The primary winding is connected in delta and the secondary
winding is connected in star with neutral grounded. Thus it can
be used to provide 3-phase 4-wire service.
This type of connection is mainly used in step-up transformer at
the beginning of transmission line.
The ratio of secodary to primary line voltage is √3 times the
transformation ratio.
There is 30° shift between the primary and secondary line
voltages.
16. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
1. Switch on the governor oil pump.
2. Open the oil valve for lubrication of upper guide
bearing.
3. Open the oil valve for governor.
4. Start the grease pump for thrut bearing pump and
T.V.G.
5. Open the cooling water valve.
6. Check that whether oil level of pressure tank is normal.
7. Raise the intake gates.
8. Open the control valves for guide veins and runner
blades.
9. Turn off the generating heater.
10. Open the lock valve.
11. Open the runner blade.
12. Open the load limit and run the turbine up to 50 rpm.
13. Bring the runner in the normal state.
14. Open the load limit completely.
Bring the turbine to the normal speed (i.e.125 rpm).15.
17. SUMMER TRAINING REPORT
The training session at Pathri Power House Circle, Bhadrabad was
the most enjoyable session for me. I Joined Circle office on 05th
June
2017 under the guidance of SDO– Shri. U.K. Pandey Training
session ended on 05th
July 2017 .
I learned the design procedure for preparation of General Layout
& design of Power Houses. The designs include Large/ Small/Mini
Hydroelectric Power Houses.
It was nice experience for me since I could realize the importance of
Power House Circle at last, I am thankful to SDO– Shri. U.K. Pandey
Saheb and all the staff of circle office for providing me an
opportunity to enjoy the thrill of design and providing all the
necessary documents and related procedure.
Sonu kr.
B.Tech(Electrical engg.)
