3. Introduction
One of the most popular method of conducting research,
because it can be a convenient way of gathering information
from a target population which makes it a very useful instrument
in a successful research conduction procedure.
Apart from that questionnaire can be a very cost effective
method, easy to format and assess.
Definition
A questionnaire is a structured instruments consisting of a series
of questions prepared by researcher that a research subject is
asked to complete, to gather data from individuals about
knowledge, attitude, belief and feelings.
Questionnaire is a structures Self- reported paper and pencil
instrument that a research subject is asked to complete.
4. Purpose / Requirements.
1. In Data collection.
2. Collection of specific information.
3. Collection of data from large number of
individuals simultaneously.
4. During preliminary assessment.
5. Types Of Questions
1. Open Format Questions
Questions that provides opportunity to the respondents to
express their opinion and answer in their own way.
2. Closed Format Questions
Questions offer multiple respondents a number of alternative
replies from which the sample/subject must choose the one
that most likely matches the appropriate answer according to
the subject.
6. Types of close format questions
A. Dichotomous questions
B. Multiple Choice questions
C. Cafeteria questions
D. Rank order questions
E. Contingency questions
F. Rating questions
G. Importance questions
H. Likert questions
i. Bipolar questions
ii. Matrix Questions
7. A. Dichotomous questions
Requires to choose between two responses
B. Multiple choice questions
Requires to choose between two or more responses
C. Cafeteria questions
MCQ that asks respondents to select a response that mostly
closely corresponds to their views.
D. Rank order questions
These questions ask respondents to rank their responses
from most favorable to least favorable
E. Contingency questions
Questions that need to be answered only when the
respondent provides a particular response to a question prior
to them.
8. F. Rating questions
Respondents are asked to respond their answer along with
other ordered dimension.
G. Importance Questions
Respondents are asked to respond to rate the importance
of a particular issue on a rating scale of 1 to 5.
H. Likert questions
Help to know how to Strongly the respondents agrees with a
particular statement
9. What should be Kept in
mind ?
1. The Sample
2. The Method
3. The Questionnaire
4. The Result
5. The Cost
6. The Time scale
10. Guidelines For Designing a Questionnaire
1. According to the study objectives.
2. Begin with instructions.
3. Use concise and brief statement.
4. Clear wording, spelling and punctuations.
5. Clear and simple questions.
6. According to understanding of respondents.
7. Statement interpreted similarly by all
respondents.
11. 8. According to form in which responses are recorded-
SEQUENCING:-
Sandwich theory:- Start from demographical profile
of subject followed specific questions according to
objective.
General specific
Logical sequence
Answer not derived from previous questions.
12. What to avoid?
1. Questions outside responders experience.
2. Biased questions.
3. Open ended questioning (If possible).
4. Professional language
5. Difficult concept.
6. Double barrel questions.
7. Controversial questions.
8. Long loaded sentences.
9. Grammar mistakes.
13. Advantages
1. Cost effective.
2. Easy to analyze.
3. Require less time and energy.
4. Reduce biasness as interviewer is not present.
5. Used for large scale population.
6. Less intrusive than interview.
14. Disadvantage
1. Not for all.
2. People can lie.
3. If sent by mail Filled by other.
4. Provide only superficial information.
5. Chances of misinterpretation.
15. Bibliography
Suresh k sharma, Textbook of Nursing
research and statistics, edition 2 published by
Elsever page 256,257,258,259,260,261
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