pharmacognosy of class of phytoconstituent "QUINONE" which includes synonyms, biological source, chemical constituents and uses of examples like CHITRAK, HENNA, VIDANG etc. included in pharmacognosy-II of T.Y.Bpharmacy.

1. QUINONE
PHARMACOGNOSY
MADE BY:-
Sanika.S.Medhekar (TY.Bpharm)

2. CONTENTS:-
1. Introduction to Quinones
2. Chitrak pharmacognosy
3. Henna pharmacognosy
4. Vidang pharmacognosy

3. QUINONES
• The quinones are a class of organic compounds that are formally derived from aromatic compounds such as benzene or
naphthalene.
• These are derived from conversation of an even number of –CH= groups into—C(=O)- groups with necessary rearrangement of
double bonds.
Quinones are of two types:-
1. Napthoquinones.
2. Benzoquinones.
Napthoquinone:-
Napthoquinones is a class of organic compounds structurally related to naphthalene.
Eg- Chitrak, Henna.
Benzoquinone:-
Benzoquinone is a class of organic compounds structurally related to benzene.
Eg- Vidang
Napthoquinone
Benzoquinone

4. Chitrak

5. BIOLOGICAL SOURCE:-
It consist of dried or fresh
roots of
Plumbago zeylanica Linn.
belonging to the family
plumbaginaceae.
SYNONYMS:-
White Leadwort, Chitrak,
Chitra Agnimatha, Agnisikha.

6. PARTS USED:-
ROOT ROOT BARK SEEDS

7. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS:-
It consists mailny of Plumbagin (0.91%)
Other constituents are -
• Catechol tannins
• Glucose
• Steroidal glucoside
• Sitosterol
• Vanillic acid
PLUMBAGIN

8. USES:-
1. The root of this herb is a powerful arco- narcotic poison. It causes
abortion.
2. The root of the herb is used in cases of enlarged spleen.
3. The herb is used as a part of many ayurvedic compond remidies for
rubifacient applications.
4. Root reduced to a paste is applied to abscesses to open them. A paste
made of milk, vinegar or salt and water maybe applied in leprosy and
other obstinate skin diseases, unhealthy ulcers, scabies etc.
5. Anti microbial.
6. Anti bacterial.

9. Henna

10. BIOLOGICAL SOURCE:-
Henna consists of fresh or
dried leaves of the plant
Lawsonia inermis,
family Lythraceae
SYNONYMS:-
Egyptian privet,
Lawsonia- alba.

11. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS:-
The active constituent of the leaf is Lawsone (0.5- 1.0 %).
It is the main colouring constituent and is said to be a degradation product
of primary glycoside hennoside A,B and C.
Other constituents are:-
1. 5-10% gallic acid
2. white resin
3. sugars
4. tannin
5. xanthones
Lawsone

12. USES:-
1. Henna is used as a favourite hair dye either alone or in combination
for the treatment of gray hair.
2. It is used in several hair care products like rinses, conditioners,
applications.
3. It imparts orange-red colour and is used in tattoo making.
4. Anti bacterial.
5. Anti fungal.

13. VIDANG

14. BIOLOGICAL SOURCE:-
This consists of dried fruits,
of the plant Embelia ribes,
belonging to family
Myrsinaceae.
SYNONYMS:–
Embelia,
Bidang,
Wavding,
Briberang.

15. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS:-
1. Vidang fruits contain embelin (2%) and its dimer vilangin
2. quircitol (0.1%)
3. fatty material (5%)
4. 1% tannin
5. negligible amount of volatile oil
6. colouring matter and an alkaloid christembin.
Embelin

16. USES:-
1. Mostly used as antihelmintic.
2. Astringent
3. Carminative
4. Stimulant
5. Fruits are effective against tapeworm but have no effect on hook worms and
roundworm
6. Aqueous extract of vidang fruits is found to have anti-fertility action.

17. Thank you